The invention provides a kit for predicting recurrence and transference risk of a patient suffering from early-stage operable esophageal squamous carcinoma. The kit contains amplification primers of 32 genes of BCL2, Survivin, STAT3, cIAP1, cIAP2, beta-catenin, Cyclin D1, CDKN2A, TCF4, EGFR, HER-2, AREG, EREG, TFPI-2, WNT1, BMI-1, MTOR, ATM, ATR, XRCC1, XRCC2, XRCC3, XRCC4, XRCC5, HIF-1alpha, HIF-2alpha, VEGF, RAD51, beta-actin, GAPDH, GUS and TFRC in all. The kit is capable of accurately predicting transference potential of early-stage operable esophageal squamous carcinoma, so that the transference and recurrence risk of the patient suffering from the early-stage operable esophageal squamous carcinoma after radical operation can be accurately predicted and evaluated, patients with high risk can be particularly monitored and effectively interfered, recurrence and transference of esophageal squamous carcinoma can be reduced, and prognosis of the patients can be further improved.