The present invention relates to a fibrous wound repair scaffold loaded with phase change material particles, and a preparation method and application thereof. The invention uses aliphatic polyester, natural macromolecules and phase change materials as main raw materials, adds antibacterial drugs, active substance particles and growth factors, and prepares a multi-layered scaffold with biological activity through electrospinning, electrostatic spraying and the like. The fiber wound repair scaffold provided by the invention adds different kinds of antibacterial drugs to achieve multiple antibacterial effects; contains biologically active substance particles with increased deposition density gradient to promote cell recruitment and migration; contains phase change material particles that promote repair growth factors, To modulate the behavior of different cells by photothermally-triggered controllable delivery of growth factors. The scaffold material provided by the invention has excellent biocompatibility and degradability, can mediate cell migration, proliferation, differentiation and paracrine effect, and can speed up wound repair and improve wound healing effect.