The invention relates to a pretreatment method for deacidification and impurity removal of acid leaching liquid of vanadium extracted from stone coal. Ion exchange resin and carbon materials are used for being prepared into a composite electrode plate which is placed in a capacitive deionization assembly, a direct-current power source is powered on, the acid leaching liquid of vanadium extracted from stone coal is subjected to pretreatment of deacidification and impurity removal, the treated composite electrode plate is in short connection or reverse connection, and the desorption process is performed. The method is little in energy consumption, the pretreatment efficiency is improved, loss of precipitated and mixed V in the solid and liquid separating process is reduced, and therefore the using amount of chemical agents is small, the V loss rate is low, and the impurity removal effect is obvious. The pretreatment method further has the advantages that the technology is flexible, and the method can be used for pretreatment of deacidification and impurity removal of acid leaching liquid of vanadium extracted from stone coal and can also be used for treatment of other high-acid multi-impurity leaching liquid.