The invention discloses an implantable concrete member damage monitoring device and method based on circumferential knocking, the implantable concrete member damage monitoring device comprises a metal shell, a PZT sensor, a circumferential knocking assembly and a main control module, and the circumferential knocking assembly comprises a rotary base, an electromagnet, an elastic part and a limiting part; a coil of the electromagnet is fixedly arranged on the steering base, a soft iron core of the electromagnet is movably sleeved with the coil, the two ends of the soft iron core axially protrude out of the coil, an abutting part is fixedly arranged at one end of the soft iron core, the other end of the soft iron core faces the inner wall of the metal shell in the radial direction of the metal shell, and the elastic part is arranged between the abutting part and the coil. According to the invention, an implantable design architecture is adopted to integrate an excitation source and a signal monitoring component, maintenance and replacement are facilitated, stability and large energy of signals can be ensured, the monitoring effect on concrete construction damage is more accurate, and electromagnet knocking has multiple directionality and a wider monitoring range.