105results about How to "Sufficient efficiency" patented technology

A promoter isolated from a cotton gene encoding the small subunit of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase is described. The isolated promoter is operably linked to a coding sequence of interest to make a chimeric gene.

Methods and compositions suitable for accomplishing the in vitro amplification of nucleic acid molecules via enzymatic means are provided. The preferred means employ circular rather than linear replicons. Means for producing such circular replicons from linear reactants are also provided.

The present invention relates to photovoltaic roofing tiles and methods of manufacturing them. One aspect of the present invention is a photovoltaic roofing tile comprising: a polymeric carrier tile having a top surface and a bottom surface; and a photovoltaic element affixed to the polymeric carrier tile, the photovoltaic element having a bottom surface and a top surface having an active area. Another aspect of the invention is a method of making a photovoltaic roofing tile comprising inserting into a compression mold a polymeric tile preform having a top surface and a bottom surface, and a photovoltaic element, a surface of the photovoltaic element being disposed adjacent to a surface of the polymeric tile preform; compression molding the polymeric tile preform and the photovoltaic element together to form an unfinished photovoltaic roofing tile; and finishing the unfinished photovoltaic roofing tile to provide the photovoltaic roofing tile.

The present invention provides an NOx purifying catalyst that removes NOx with sufficient efficiency even under low temperature operation such as diesel engine automobiles. An NOx purifying catalyst for processing NOx in exhaust gas by rich/lean control of the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas, includes a first catalytic layer containing β-zeolite having iron and/or cerium elements, and a second catalytic layer including a noble metal and cerium oxide-based material; in which the second and the first catalytic layers are coated on a support in that order so that the first catalytic layer is the uppermost layer. The NOx purifying catalyst purifies NOx as showed in Reaction Formulations (1) to (4).

Lean condition 1: NO+½O₂−>NO₂  (1)

Rich condition: CO+H₂O−>CO₂  (2)

NO_x+H₂−>NH₃  (3)

Lean condition 2: NO_x+NH₃+O₂−>N₂+H₂O   (4)

A system is described for processing data of at least one location aware devices for obtaining geo-information. The system comprises an input means for obtaining vector-based data from at least one location aware devices, a data processor for inserting information from the vector-based data into a raster-based data structure so as to derive geo-information based on the raster-based data structure. A corresponding method as well as corresponding computer program products also are described.

The invention relates, inter alia, to a wireless portable device for radio communication, comprising at least one antenna element (1210), at least one ground-plane (1250), radio frequency communication circuitry (1310) and at least one matching network (1320). The device is arranged for communication involving, at least, receiving and processing a signal in accordance with a communication system having a bandwidth with a lower frequency limit (f_min) and an upper frequency limit (f_max). The antenna element is a non-resonant antenna element for frequencies from said lower frequency limit (f_min) up to said higher frequency limit (f_min). Another aspect of the invention involves two antenna elements (2001, 2002) tuned around two different central frequencies within a frequency band, and a switch (2003) for selectively operatively connecting one of said at least two antenna elements to a radio frequency communication circuitry (2000).

Provided are a transparent conductive film having a simple manufacturing process and high transparency, high photoelectric conversion efficiency, and excellent durability and an organic photoelectric conversion element using this transparent conductive film.

The transparent conductive film of the present invention is formed by laminating a ground layer which contains a nitrogen-containing organic compound and a metal thin film layer which contains a metal element of Group 11 of the periodic table and has a thickness of from 2 to 10 nm. In addition, the organic photoelectric conversion element of the present invention has a first electrode, a second electrode, and a photoelectric conversion layer present between the first electrode and the second electrode, and at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode of the organic photoelectric conversion element is a transparent conductive film formed by laminating the ground layer which contains the nitrogen-containing organic compound and the metal thin film layer which contains a metal element of Group 11 of the periodic table and has a thickness of from 2 to 10 nm.

A process of the present invention for producing a hydrotreated gas oil has a step for obtaining a product oil having a total aromatic content of 3% by volume or less by hydrogenating a hydrotreated oil including 95% by volume or more of fraction having a boiling point range of 150-380° C., a sulfur content of 2-15 ppm by mass, a total aromatic content of 10-25% by volume, and a naphthene of 20-60% by volume in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst; and a step for obtaining, by hydrogenating the above-described product oil in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst containing a crystalline molecular sieve component, a product oil satisfying the conditions that the content of petroleum fraction having a boiling point range of lower than 150° C. is 16% by volume or less, and the sum of the total aromatic content and the total naphthene content is 80% or less relative to the sum of these in the hydrotreated oil.

LED lighting lamps provide improved heat dissipation efficiency, wide illumination beam angles, and substantially uniform illumination intensity. Generally, the disclosed LED lamps comprise at least one LED lighting element mounted on at least one stand and a two-level heat dissipation mechanism.

A transaxle is provided for a lawn tractor. The lawn tractor includes a prime mover, a mower unit having a grass-discharging duct disposed at a substantially lateral center portion of the mower unit, left and right drive wheels disposed on lateral opposite sides of the grass-discharging duct, and left and right final transmission devices disposed on lateral opposite sides of the grass-discharging duct. The transaxle is disposed above the grass-discharging duct. The transaxle comprises: a transaxle housing; an input shaft having a lower portion extended downward from the transaxle housing; an input pulley provided on the lower portion of the input shaft so as to be disposed between the transaxle housing and the grass-discharging duct; and left and right output shafts projecting laterally from the transaxle housing opposite to each other so as to be drivingly connected to the respective left and right drive wheels through the respective left and right final transmission devices.

A honeycomb structure wherein the thickness of each partition wall is 50.8 μm inclusive to 161.5 μm exclusive, the cell density is 15.5 to 62.0 cells/cm², the cell opening ratio of the honeycomb structure body is 76 to 91%, the porosity of the partition walls is 35 to 45%, the average pore diameter of the partition walls is 2 μm inclusive to 10 μm exclusive, the material for the partition walls includes at least one member selected from the group consisting of cordierite, aluminum titanate, silicon carbide, alumina and mullite, and the value obtained by dividing the average pore diameter of the partition walls by the thickness of the partition walls is larger than 0.04 but smaller than 0.065.

A vehicle transaxle system includes a pair of right and left transaxle units equipped on a vehicle. The right transaxle unit supports a single right axle, and the left transaxle unit supports a single left axle. A variable displacement hydraulic pump is disposed in each of the right and left transaxle units so as to be driven by power from a prime mover of the vehicle. A variable displacement hydraulic motor is disposed in each of the right and left transaxle units and is fluidly connected to the corresponding hydraulic pump so as to drive the corresponding right or left axle. A movable motor displacement control member is provided in each of the transaxle unit so as to be moved to change the displacement of the corresponding hydraulic motor. An interlocking connection means is connected to both the movable motor displacement control members of the respective hydraulic motors. The vehicle is provided with a first manipulator for changing displacements of the hydraulic pumps, and is provided with a second manipulator for operating the interlocking connection means. The interlocking connection means is operated by operating the second manipulator so as to synchronously move both the movable motor displacement control members.

A method for photoselective vaporization of prostate tissue includes delivering laser radiation to the treatment area on the tissue, via an optical fiber secured using a card key, wherein the laser radiation has a wavelength and irradiance in the treatment area on the surface of the tissue sufficient because vaporization of a substantially greater volume of tissue than a volume of residual coagulated tissue caused by the laser radiation. The laser radiation is generated using a neodymium doped solid-state laser, including optics producing a second or higher harmonic output with greater than 20 watts average output power. The delivered laser radiation has a wavelength for example in a range of about 200 nm to about 650 nm, and has an average irradiance in the treatment area greater than about 10 kilowatts/cm², in a spot size of at least 0.05 mm².

The length of the collision cell (20) in the direction along the ion optical axis (C) is set to be within the range between 40 and 80 mm, and typically 51 mm, which is remarkably shorter than before. The CID gas is supplied so that it flows in the direction opposite to the ion's traveling direction. Since the energy that an ion receives in colliding with a CID gas increases, it is possible to practically and sufficiently ensure the CID efficiency even though the collision cell (20) is short. In addition, since the passage distance for an ion is short, the passage time is shortened. Accordingly, it is possible to avoid the degradation in the detection sensitivity and the generation of a ghost peak due to the delay of the ion.

A method for photoselective vaporization of prostate tissue includes delivering laser radiation to the treatment area on the tissue, under direct visualization, wherein the laser radiation has a wavelength and irradiance in the treatment area on the surface of the tissue sufficient to cause vaporization of a substantially greater volume of tissue than a volume of residual coagulated tissue caused by the laser radiation. An endpoint for a procedure can be determined using the direct visualization.