55results about How to "Short path length" patented technology

An apparatus and method for plasma enhanced monolayer (PEM) processing, wherein excited species from a non-condensable gas plasma are delivered to a substrate surface during the reaction of a chemical precursor with a previously chemisorbed monolayer on the substrate surface; the excited species lower the activation energy of the monolayer formation reaction and also modulate the film properties. In preferred embodiments a process reactor has linear injectors arranged diametrically above a substrate and reactive gases are sequentially injected onto the substrate surface while it is being rotated. The reactor can be operated in pulse precursor and pulsed plasma, constant precursor and constant plasma modes, or a combination thereof.

PCT No. PCT / US95 / 13325 Sec. 371 Date Sep. 28, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Sep. 28, 1997 PCT Filed Oct. 10, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO96 / 12316 PCT Pub. Date Apr. 25, 1996Fuel cell stacks comprising stacked separator / membrane electrode assembly fuel cells in which the separators comprise a series of thin sheet platelets, having individually configured serpentine micro-channel reactant gas humidification active areas and cooling fields therein. The individual platelets are stacked with coordinate features aligned in contact with adjacent platelets and bonded to form a monolithic separator. Post-bonding processing includes passivation, such as nitriding. Preferred platelet material is 4-25 mil Ti, in which the features, serpentine channels, tabs, lands, vias, manifolds and holes, are formed by chemical and laser etching, cutting, pressing or embossing, with combinations of depth and through etching preferred. The platelet manufacturing process is continuous and fast. By employing CAD based platelet design and photolithography, rapid change in feature design can accommodate a wide range of thermal management and humidification techniques. One hundred H2-O2 / PEM fuel cell stacks of this IFMT platelet design will exhibit outputs on the order of 0.75 kW / kg, some 3-6 times greater than the current graphite plate PEM stacks.

An optical spectroscopy apparatus determines the concentration of analyte in a specimen that utilizes a single radiation source which is hybrid laser comprising a semiconductor pump laser and small-cavity rare earth fiber laser where laser cavities of both lasers are butt coupled or otherwise optically coupled to form a plurality of laser cavities that produce a plurality of emission wavelengths, one which may be the pump laser emission wavelength at the output of the fiber laser thereby forming a multi-wavelength combined output where the wavelengths substantially match distinguishing spectral characteristic features along at least a portion of a characteristic optical spectrum of the analyte under examination. In lieu of complex data analysis of these wavelengths to determine values representing the concentration of the analyte in an examined specimen, the semiconductor pump laser or lasers are modulated as a plurality of tone frequencies, where at least a first of the modulation frequencies is below the maximum frequency response of the fiber laser so that the first modulation effectively modulates the pump emission wavelength and a first emission wavelength of the fiber laser in the hybrid laser combined output, and at least a second of modulation frequencies is above the maximum frequency response of the fiber laser so that the second modulation effectively modulates the pump emission wavelength but not the first emission wavelength of the fiber laser in the hybrid laser combined output. Further, one or more additional modulation frequencies may be applied to the pump laser which are intermediate of the first and second modulation frequencies where it is at least responsive to at least one further emission wavelength of the fiber laser and also provided in the hybrid laser combined output.

An NDIR spectrometer based on the use of wavelength specific lamp sources, whose emission spectrum consists of discrete, narrow lines characteristic of the isotope present in the lamp, and which it is desired to measure with the spectrometer. This allows very high intrinsic sensitivity, enabling the use of an extremely compact absorption cell with a very short path length. In addition, the source can be self-modulated, such that problems associated with external choppers are avoided. Furthermore, there is insignificant cross sensitivity between the isotopes themselves and between the isotopes and other ambient gases in the operating environment.

An optical spectroscopy apparatus determines the concentration of analyte in a specimen that utilizes a single radiation source which is hybrid laser comprising a semiconductor pump laser and small-cavity rare earth fiber laser where laser cavities of both lasers are butt coupled or otherwise optically coupled to form a plurality of laser cavities that produce a plurality of emission wavelengths, one which may be the pump laser emission wavelength at the output of the fiber laser thereby forming a multi-wavelength combined output where the wavelengths substantially match distinguishing spectral characteristic features along at least a portion of a characteristic optical spectrum of the analyte under examination.

A parabolic primary mirror (10) has a concave specular surface (12) that is constructed and positioned to receive solar energy and focus it towards a focal point. A secondary mirror (14) having a convex specular surface (16) is constructed and positioned to receive focused solar energy from the primary mirror and focus it onto an annular receiver (18). The annular receiver (18) may include an annular array of optical elements (100) constructed to receive solar energy from the secondary specular surface (14) and focus it onto a ring of discreet areas. A ring of solar-to-electrical conversion units are positioned on the ring of discreet areas. A sun sensor that allows accurate solar tracking to keep mirror system aligned with the sun.

The invention discloses a path planning method for a foot-type robot. An improved A* algorithm and a self-adaptive DWA algorithm are utilized to plan a reasonable path of robot motion, one characteristic of the improved A * algorithm is as follows, as long as a passable path from a starting point to a target point exists in the environment, the method can always be successfully searched. Comparedwith other local path algorithms, the method has very outstanding advantages, the thought of the fusion algorithm adopted by the method is to perform global path planning by using the characteristic,and then perform real-time local planning in combination with the adaptive DWA, so a final path is close to global optimum and has better dynamic adaptive capacity at the same time.

The invention discloses an automatic spraying homocentric-squares-shaped path planning method, which comprises the steps that S101, a crop protection unmanned aerial vehicle position coordinates of four vertices of a farmland one by one and determines a height value in operation; S102, an angular bisector of each interior angle is calculated, and position coordinates of four new points whose distances to four sides equal to a preset spraying interval are respectively determined on each angular bisector; S103, iterative calculation is performed, the four points are determined to be four vertices of a new square, four new points are worked out according to the rule in the step S102 until the length of a certain side and an opposite side thereof of a new acquired square equals to two times of the spraying interval, and position coordinates of a midpoint of the side and position coordinates of a midpoint of the opposite side are acquired; and S104, the position coordinates are successively connected according to a preset rule so as to form a homocentric-squares-shaped path, and path planning is completed. The work intensity of a pilot can be reduced through performing drug spraying according to the path, and the spraying efficiency of the crop protection unmanned aerial vehicle can also be improved.

The network architecture comprises: a number management domain, a number current domain and a number settling-in domain. Each of the number management domain, number current domain and number settling-in domain respectively comprises: an IMS calling processing net element comprising CSCF, BGCF, MGCF, IBCF or the IMS network calling processing node that will be defined by standardization organization; a number carrying database with DNS access interface used for storing the data of users in the domain and the emigration domain check list of user emigrating to other domain; an IMS home subscription user server used for saving the active number resource of the domain where it is located at.

A method for making flat glass of good quality by rolling is described, in which a gas cushion is formed between the upper shaping roller and the glass sheet and contact between the lower shaping roller and the glass sheet is limited to a width of from 5 to 30 mm. The resulting flat glass has an upper surface quality that is nearly that of a fire-polished glass surface, while the lower surface has an improved quality that is better than that obtained by the prior art method. Furthermore it is advantageous that the method does not require an increase in the length of the cooling path following the rollers.

The invention discloses a touch control display panel and a manufacture method thereof. The touch control display panel comprises a circuit board, a display panel, a touch control panel, a first conductive adhesive and a second conductive adhesive, wherein the display panel is electrically connected with the circuit board; the touch control panel is electrically connected with the circuit board and comprises a base plate and a plurality of signal lines; the base plate comprises a plurality of first signal joint pads and a plurality of second signal joint pads; the first signal joint pads correspond to the first side edge of the base plate, and the second signal joint pads correspond to the second side edge of the base plate; the signal lines are arranged at the base plate and used for transmitting touch control signals; each signal line is electrically connected with one of the first signal joint pads or one of the second signal joint pads; and the first conductive adhesive is electrically connected with the first signal joint pad and the circuit board; and the second conductive adhesive is electrically connected with the second signal joint pad and the circuit board.

A highly sensitive trace gas sensor based on a Fabry-Perot semiconductor laser and cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy is designed to be capable of measuring sub-ppb concentrations of trace gases in real time. The broad frequency range of the multi-mode Fabry-Perot semiconductor laser spans a large number of absorption lines of the species of interest enabling multiple line integrated absorption spectroscopy which improves the sensitivity of detection. Additionally, the broad wavelength range of the laser excites a large number of cavity modes simultaneously, thereby reducing the sensor's susceptibility to vibration and thermal fluctuations making it suitable for field based monitoring applications. Using a high finesse optical cavity also enhances the sensitivity of the sensor by providing large path lengths, on the order of kilometers, in a small volume. Relatively high laser power is used to compensate for the low coupling efficiency of a broad linewidth laser to the optical cavity.

A printing apparatus is provided with a heater for heating ink and a cooler for cooling ink, and comprises: an ink circulation route including a heater side route and a cooler side route which are separately provided through the heater and the cooler respectively; a switch mechanism operable to switch the ink circulation route between the heater side route and the cooler side route; and a control unit operable to control the switch mechanism. The control unit controls the switch mechanism to switch the ink circulation route to the heater side route when the ink temperature is lower than a first reference temperature, and switch the ink circulation route to the cooler side route when the ink temperature is no lower than the first reference temperature. By this configuration, the ink heating efficiency can be improved.

The invention provides a mobile robot path planning method and system based on an improved D*lite algorithm. The method comprises the specific steps: firstly, according to a grid map of an environmentwhere the robot is located, using a map segmentation algorithm to segment the map into a plurality of bounded units without obstacles inside; then, obtaining a unit connection graph according to thecommunication relationship among the plurality of units, and calculating to obtain an original distance cost value and an adjacent matrix among the units; then, according to the adjacency matrix, calculating is performed to obtain a unit sequence from a target unit to a starting unit by using a bigraph search algorithm; then, according to the unit sequence, core grids are set in the correspondingunits in sequence according to a core grid setting method, and a search chain table is formed in sequence; and finally, a D*lite path planning algorithm is guided to complete the path planning of themobile robot according to the search chain table. Experimental results prove that the method can shorten the path planning time while ensuring that the path length is close to the shortest.

The invention provides a navigation path planning method based on area segmentation and a computer readable storage medium. The navigation path planning method based on area segmentation comprises thefollowing steps of acquiring an area planned in a golf course, averagely dividing the planned area into an upper area and a lower area; carrying out path pre-planning in each area by adopting a PRM algorithm; finding a target upper feasible point and a target lower feasible point, determining a target upper path and a target lower path, and connecting the target upper feasible point and the target lower feasible point according to a second preset rule to obtain a target middle path; taking the paths of the target upper path, the target middle path and the target lower path as the first targetpaths, and guaranteeing that no obstacle exists on the first target paths, thereby completing the preliminary path planning of a golf cart. According to the present invention, the planning time is shortened to a certain extent, the planned path length is shortened, the number of path nodes is reduced, and the golf ball collecting efficiency is improved.

The invention relates to a UUV route planning method with necessary points under the obstacle environment, belongs to the UUV control technology field and aims to realize the shortest path as UUV starts from a laying point, traverses all the necessary points and then returns to a recovery point. According to the method, under the obstacle environment, estimated route distances between the UUV laying point and the recovery point and between every two of the necessary points are calculated; the laying point is taken as the start point, the recovery point is taken as the terminal point, the sequence of the UUV traversing all the necessary points is planned through a TSP algorithm, the total estimated path of the UUV starting from the laying point, traversing all the necessary point and returning to the recovery point is made to be shortest; after optimization, the route can be acquired on the condition that the total estimated path of the UUV starting from the laying point, traversing all the necessary point, returning to the recovery point and can further avoid all obstacles is shortest. Path cost between two necessary points can be estimated through geometric determination, an ant colony algorithm is further utilized to plan a TSP scheme on the basis of the estimation cost, namely the necessary point traversing sequence, a variable sub goal point ant colony is further utilized to plane a route capable of realizing obstacle avoidance.

A printing apparatus is provided with a heater for heating ink and a cooler for cooling ink, and comprises: an ink circulation route including a heater side route and a cooler side route which are separately provided through the heater and the cooler respectively; a switch mechanism operable to switch the ink circulation route between the heater side route and the cooler side route; and a control unit operable to control the switch mechanism. The control unit controls the switch mechanism to switch the ink circulation route to the heater side route when the ink temperature is lower than a first reference temperature, and switch the ink circulation route to the cooler side route when the ink temperature is no lower than the first reference temperature. By this configuration, the ink heating efficiency can be improved.

Fluorescent lamps that comprise a glass envelope with an exterior surface and first and second electrodes located within the glass envelope include a transparent electrically conductive material affixed to the exterior surface of the glass envelope. The transparent electrically conductive material extends between the vicinity of the first electrode and the vicinity of the second electrode, thereby providing a path for an electric current to pass between the first and second electrodes and reduce the open circuit voltage required to start the fluorescent lamp. The transparent electrically conductive material affixed to the exterior surface of the glass envelope can comprise one or more stripes of the material so that less than the total exterior surface area of the glass envelope is covered by the transparent electrically conductive material.

The invention provides a mobile robot path planning method based on an improved artificial potential field algorithm. The method comprises the specific steps: firstly, constructing a gravitational potential field function according to the distance from a mobile robot to a target point, and constructing a repulsion potential field function according to the distance from the mobile robot to the target point and the distance from the mobile robot to an obstacle; then respectively solving negative gradients of the gravitation potential field function and the repulsion potential field function to obtain attraction force and repulsion force borne by the mobile robot; and finally, the mobile robot avoiding obstacles and advances towards the target point under the combined action of attraction force and repulsive force, and generating forced disturbance force halfway to enable the robot to escape from the influence range of the local minimum point. Experimental results in an indoor multi-obstacle environment show that compared with other methods, the method has the advantages that the success rate of path planning is high, and actual application requirements are met.

The invention relates to an online planning method and system for a continuous curvature parking path of any initial pose. The method comprises the steps: obtaining a parking path through employing a sectional path planning thought, and dividing a path planning process into in-parking-location adjustment path planning and garage entering path planning, wherein the in-parking-location adjustment path planning comprises a first in-parking-location adjustment path planning used for obtaining a parking target pose and a second in-parking-location adjustment path planning used for enabling a vehicle pose to meet a final pose requirement; the in-parking-location adjustment path planning adopts an optimization method to perform section-by-section planning; and the garage entering path planning adopts an improved Hybrid A * algorithm to plan and obtain a garage entering path from the current pose of the vehicle to a garage entering target pose. The automatic parking system can perform re-planning and re-tracking by adopting the method. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the calculation efficiency is high, the parking performance is improved, and the vehicle can be parked in any parking space (parallel, vertical and inclined parking spaces).

The invention relates to the relative technical filed of electric power optical fiber communication networks, in particular to a method and a device of route wavelength allocation of an electric power optical fiber communication network. The method of the electric power optical fiber communication network includes that service connection distribution requests are responded; multilevel interconnection virtual topological graphs are constructed according to physical topologies of the electric power optical fiber communication network, supported wavelength amount, destination nodes and originating nodes; route wavelength allocation initial disaggregation which conducts the route wavelength allocation to service of the destination nodes and the originating nodes are calculated according to available optical channel numbers and path lengths on links of the physical topologies of the electric power optical fiber communication network; a optimum solution is obtained form the route wavelength allocation initial disaggregation; and the route wavelength allocation is conducted to the service of the destination nodes and the originating nodes according to the optimum solution. According to the method and the device of the electric power optical fiber communication network, a route wavelength allocation problem is solved in one time through a dynamic routing and wavelength joint distribution method by utilizing of a wavelength multilevel interconnection virtual topological graph model.

The invention provides an edge computing-oriented unstructured data sharing mechanism implementation method in the field of edge computing, which comprises the following steps of: receiving a data index request of a user, and collecting switch, port, link and host information through a control plane to obtain a network topology and state; determining coordinates of a switch and coordinates of a data index in a virtual space formed by a network topology; constructing a switch connection diagram according to the coordinates of the switch; inserting a forwarding entry comprising coordinates of the switch and a switch connection diagram into a forwarding table of the switch; carrying out greedy forwarding on the coordinates of the data index by the data plane until the coordinates are transmitted to a switch corresponding to switch coordinates closest to the coordinates of the data index in the virtual space; and the switch forwarding the data index of the user to the index edge server andreturns a response result obtained from the index edge server to the user. The path length of the sharing mechanism is shorter, and forwarding table entries needed for searching the switch of the data index are fewer.

The present invention is directed to off axis optical signal redirection architectures that employ positionable reflective microstructures (e.g. microelectromechanical (MEM) mirrors) fabricated on one or more substrates. In one embodiment, an optical signal redirection system (10) includes a reflective microstructure array (12) formed on a substrate (30). The reflective microstructure array (12) includes one or more reflective microstructures (14). Each of the reflective microstructures (14) includes an optically reflective surface (20) and is positionable with respect to the substrate (30) in order to orient its reflective surface (20) for redirecting optical signals (24) incoming from one or more originating locations (16) to one or more target locations (18). Each orientation required for a given reflective microstructure (14) to redirect an optical signal (24) incoming from an originating location (16) to a target location (18) is defined by a unit vector (22) that is normal to the reflective surface (20) of such reflective microstructure (14). An average normal vector (26) associated with the reflective microstructure array (12) defined as the average of the set of individual unit normal vectors (22) forms a first non-zero angle θ with respect to the substrate normal (34).

The method of continuously producing flat glass includes rolling a fluid glass sheet between upper and lower shaping rollers to shape and calibrate the glass sheet, generating a respective gas cushion between the fluid glass sheet and each shaping roller from a liquid, controlling the pressure of the gas cushion between the fluid glass sheet and the upper shaping roller to completely prevent contact of the glass sheet with the upper shaping roller, controlling the pressure of the gas cushion between the fluid glass sheet and the lower shaping roller to form a linear contact area between the fluid glass sheet and the lower shaping roller and controlling the contact area width according to speed and viscosity of the glass sheet in order to transport it without slipping and reduce cooling path length.

An RF switch useable up to millimeter wave frequencies and higher frequencies of 30 GHz and above. Four embodiments of the invention are configured as ground switches. Two of the ground switch embodiments are configured with a planar air bridge. Both of these embodiments are configured so that the bridge length is shortened between the transmission line and ground by introducing grounded stops. The other two ground switch embodiments include an elevated metal seesaw. In these embodiments, a shortened path to ground is provided with relatively low inductance by proper sizing and positioning of the seesaw structure. Lastly, broadband power switch embodiment is configured to utilize only a small portion of the air bridge to carry the signal. The relatively short path length results in a relatively low inductance and resistance lowers the RF power loss of the switch, thereby increasing the RF power handling capability of the switch.

The method relates to particle separation from a feed stream. The feed stream is injected directly into the froth zone of a vertical flotation column in the presence of a counter-current reflux stream. A froth breaker generates a reflux stream and a concentrate stream, and the reflux stream is injected into the froth zone to mix with the interstitial liquid between bubbles in the froth zone. Counter-current flow between the plurality of bubbles and the interstitial liquid facilitates the attachment of higher hydrophobicity particles to bubble surfaces as lower hydrophobicity particles detach. The height of the feed stream injection and the reflux ratio may be varied in order to optimize the concentrate or tailing stream recoveries desired based on existing operating conditions.

An optical waveguiding optical format enables consistent optical analysis of small sample volumes with minimal variation in light path length among optical formats. The optical format is comprised of an input guide, an output guide, and a sample cavity adapted to allow light to pass through a sample on its way from the input guide to the output guide. A lid removed from the light pathway within the format may be provided with a reagent for assisting fluid analysis.

Fluorescent lamps that comprise a glass envelope with an exterior surface and first and second electrodes located within the glass envelope include a transparent electrically conductive material affixed to the exterior surface of the glass envelope. The transparent electrically conductive material extends between the vicinity of the first electrode and the vicinity of the second electrode, thereby providing a path for an electric current to pass between the first and second electrodes and reduce the open circuit voltage required to start the fluorescent lamp. The transparent electrically conductive material affixed to the exterior surface of the glass envelope can comprise one or more stripes of the material so that less than the total exterior surface area of the glass envelope is covered by the transparent electrically conductive material.

The invention discloses a character creation method and device, a terminal device and a readable storage medium, and the method comprises the steps of obtaining a standard font of a to-be-created character, splitting the standard font according to a writing stroke, and obtaining each independent standard stroke forming the standard font; creating the to-be-created character according to the writing path of each standard stroke, wherein the step of creating the writing path of the standard stroke comprises obtaining an edge contour of the standard stroke, and dividing the edge contour into a first combination path and a second combination path; establishing nodes in the first combination path and the second combination path to obtain a plurality of first combination nodes and a plurality ofsecond combination nodes; connecting the first combination nodes and the second combination nodes one by one, and extracting a midpoint of each connection line segment to obtain a plurality of writing nodes; and obtaining a writing path of the standard stroke according to each writing node. By implementing the embodiment of the invention, the solid characters consistent with the human handwritingfonts can be created, and the writing efficiency is improved.