47results about How to "Rich genetic base" patented technology

The invention relates to a method for obtaining, breeding and storing a peanut interspecies hybridization variety F1, and identifying molecular cytology. The method comprises the following steps of: taking cultispecies white sand 1016 as a female parent and taking a wild seed A.macedoi as a male parent to carry out artificial hybridization; carrying out isolated culture on an ovule and a young embryo to obtain the F1; in a breeding process, placing a seedling terminal bud region into a solid rooting culture medium and culturing to obtain a whole set of a plant; in an identifying process, respectively extracting gene groups DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) on the female parent, the male parent and the hybrid F1; utilizing specific markers E66 of the female parent and the male parent to carry out PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) reaction; and carrying out gel electrophoresis analysis to identify the reality of the hybrid F1. According to the method disclosed by the invention, great breakthroughs on the aspects of developing and utilizing a peanut wild species gene resource are obtained and the incompatibility of the interspecies hybridization is overcome, so that the hybrid F1 is bred and stored for a long period and a convenience condition is provided for transferring and utilizing good genes of the peanut wild species; the specific makers are combined with a molecular cytology technology to successfully identify the hybrid F1; and the method has the important active effects on a technology of enriching a heredity basis of peanut varieties and optimizing breeding.

The invention relates to a method for carrying out recurrent selection breeding on water-saving and drought-resisting rice by utilizing a dominant nuclear male sterile material. The method comprises the steps of hybridizing by using the dominant nuclear male sterile material as a female parent and the water-saving and drought-resisting rice as a male parent, and backcrossing by five times, thus obtaining a water-saving and drought-resisting rice dominant nuclear male sterile plant; then hybridizing by using the water-saving and drought-resisting rice dominant nuclear male sterile plant as the female parent and 15 to 30 kinds of good parents as the male parent, and equivalently mixing offsprings to form a first round of recurrent selection populations; planting the first round of recurrent selection populations in a dry land, carrying out artificial supplementary pollination during a heading stage, selecting seeds on good sterile plants during a maturing stage, and equivalently mixing the seeds to form a second round of recurrent selection populations; repeating the recurrent selection process; selecting good fertile individual plants from the recurrent selection populations at any time, entering a pedigree method, and breeding a new variety of the water-saving and drought-resisting rice. The method for carrying out the recurrent selection breeding on the water-saving and drought-resisting rice by utilizing the dominant nuclear male sterile material, disclosed by the invention, has the advantages that the dominant nuclear male sterile material is used as a carrier, materials of the water-saving and drought-resisting rice and materials of good rice are in wide hybridization, and the genetic basis of existing water-saving and drought-resisting rice is greatly enriched.

The invention discloses a method for recurrently and selectively breeding non-glutinous rice by using a recessive cytoblast sterile material, which mainly comprises the following steps: hybridizing a sterile strain with recessive cytoblast sterile gene ms-np serving as a female parent and 20 to 30 rice materials serving as male parents, and backcrossing one generation; then, selecting seeds on excellent sterile strains in the later generations, and equivalently mixing the seeds to form a first recurrent selective population; and repeating the recurrent selection process, selecting the excellent fertile strains to a pedigree method at any time, combining molecular marker-assisted selection, and breeding a new variety. The method has the advantages that: recessive cytoblast sterility is used for performing a large amount of hybridization so as to enrich the hereditary basis of the breeding material; new rice materials can be added at any time so as to continually improve the population; moreover, the method avoids manual castration and pollination so as to save a large amount of manpower; and by utilizing a DNA molecular marker for assisting in selection, the method shortens the breeding progress and time, and reduces the breeding cost.

The invention discloses a breeding method by utilizing distant hybridization and a method for constructing a gene library. The breeding method includes: 1) distant hybridization: performing interspecific distant hybridization on upland cotton, sea island cotton, wild cotton and Gossypium arboretum to obtain distant hybridization generations; 2) quick purification of the distant hybridization generations: with a hemigamy material being a female parent and the distant hybridization generations as a male parent, performing chromosome doubling to a haplobiont in the F1 generation for homozygosis;3) determining a core parent; 4) introduction, expression and screening of insecticidal gene: hybridizing the core parent and an insecticidal species to obtain F2 and BC1 generations, planting the generations, and performing screening by combination of field insect survey and kanamycin detection; 5) selective breeding of cottons in different species: according to the insecticidal character, disease resistant character, yielding ability, prematurity and fiber quality, comprehensively judging the species and classifying the species. The method can accelerate stabilization of the target characters and acquire the species with the target characters, and can be used for constructing the breeding gene library without different target characters and creating conditions for the selective breeding.

The invention discloses a breeding method of three-line hybrid rice of aromatic purple rice. The method comprises the following steps: (1) screening a maintaining line I and a restoring line VI of the aromatic purple rice, with homoallelic purple rice genes and aromatic genes, to be used as parental donor materials for breeding purple rice genes (P) and aromatic genes (a) of the maintaining line and the restoring line of the aromatic purple rice; (2) respectively hybridizing the maintaining line I and the restoring line VI with a maintaining line with high combining ability and a restoring line with high combining ability, and bringing in the purple rice genes (P) and the aromatic genes (a) so as to obtain a maintaining line III and a restoring line VIII of aromatic (aa) purple rice (PP); hybridizing and backcrossing the maintaining line III of aromatic (aa) purple rice (PP) with a three-line sterile line so as to obtain a three-line sterile line V of aromatic (aa) purple rice (PP); (3) mating the sterile line V with the restoring line VIII so as to obtain the hybrid rice IX of aromatic (aa) purple rice PP or Pp). The obtained hybrid rice of the aromatic purple rice is strong in aroma, has a purple seed coat, is high in yield, and is wide in application range.

The invention discloses a molecular marker which is used for corn tripsacum monosome addition line nucleic male sterility genes and belongs to the field of crop molecular markers. The molecular marker is composed of nucleotide sequences shown by SEQ ID No:1. The invention further discloses an SCAR primer pair used for amplifying the molecular marker and composed of SEQ ID No:2 and SEQ ID No:3. In addition, the invention further discloses a method of using the molecular marker for backcross and recurrent selection breeding. The molecular marker is not limited by time and environment conditions, can identify and screen the corn tripsacum monosome addition line nucleic male sterility genes at the seedling stage, selects and weeds out the nucleic male sterility genes easily, saves manpower and material resources in large quantities, improves the breeding efficiency, shortens the breeding process and time, and substantially reduces breeding cost. In addition, the molecular marker can serve as a tool for large-scale recurrent selection for corns and continuously extend the corn heredity basis and is beneficial for selecting out a breakthrough corn variety.

A method for culturing the drought-resistant peanut includes such steps as choosing the deep-root peanut, evaporating-resistant peanut and drought-resistant peanut as male parents choosing high-yield peanut as female parent, respective hybridization to obtain polymorphic variety, respective crossing between high-yield deep-root peanut and high-yield drought-resistant peanut and between high yield evaporation-resistant one and high-yield drought-resistant one, and crossing between high-yield deep-root drought-resistant one and high-yield evaporating-resistant drought-resistant one.

The invention belongs to the technical field of paddy rice breeding and discloses a paddy rice breeding method. According to the paddy rice breeding method, an imported foreign material is hybridizedwith a local variety; after different generations of separation and selection are carried out, properties are listed as follows: a combination (1): IR71121-35-1-1-1-2 / V13 hybridized F4 has the plant height of 80 cm, the quantity of total grains per ear is 246.7 and the fruiting rate is 73.4 percent; a combination (2): IR64446-2 / Dianjingyou No. 5 hybridized F5 has the plant height of 90 cm, the quantity of total grains per ear is 189.0 and the fruiting rate is 93.5 percent; a combination (3): Taebongbyeo / Undong 31 / / Yujing No. 8 hybridized F3 has the plant height of 90 cm, the quantity of totalgrains per ear is 203.0 and the fruiting rate is 91.0 percent. The paddy rice breeding method provides abundant paddy rice breeding resources for scientific researches and variety improvement of riceculture; the intra-regional and inter-regional genetic diversity is further expanded and a new leap of the production of paddy rice is realized.

The invention discloses a method for excavating natural hybridization germplasm and breeding new varieties of kiwi fruits and relates to the field of plant genetic breeding and biotechnology. The method comprises the steps of (1) surveying distribution conditions of mixed populations of species in a naturally overlapped distribution region of actinidia plants and collecting samples; (2) analyzing populations for assisting in positioning in a hybridization band through molecular markers; (3) collecting germplasm of the hybridization band and performing artificial domestication on the germplasm in a breeding garden; (4) commenting on and performing large-scale regional trial on superior plants or varieties obtained through artificial domestication; (5) registering and applying for new varieties. Compared with traditional artificial hybridization breeding, by means of the method, the breeding cycle is shortened greatly, the excavation geographic area of the target hybridization germplasm is narrowed down, blindness and randomness in utilization of the traditional natural germplasm of the kiwi fruits can be overcome, singular germplasm unexpected by traditional artificial breeding can be screened and domesticated, and problems caused by biosecurity are avoided.

The invention discloses a property keeping and stock seed production method of early maturing cotton variety. According to the property keeping and stock seed production method of early maturing cotton variety provided by the invention, foundation seed production of the early maturing cotton variety is realized by adopting a 'mixed selection and mixed breeding' method, and the method comprises thefollowing steps: early sowing and thin planting in suitable phase; roguing and removing diseased or infected plant elimination in the initial blooming period; plant selection in the boll opening period; measurement of fiber length, and grouping and harvesting cotton; final selection of typical single plant groups; obtaining seed mixture of the selected typical single plant groups, which is the stock seed. According to the method for producing early maturing cotton variety stock seed, links of single plant selection, and plant row and plant strain identification are eliminated, while in the intermediate link of production of improved variety with stock seed, the stock seed production period is shortened by large-area and multi-single-plant screening of a seed production field and exchangeof time with space. The purity of the stock seed of the early maturing cotton variety produced by adopting the method disclosed by the invention reaches 99.9%, the plant type, leaf type and boll typeof the early maturing cotton variety are kept, and the characteristics of early maturing, strong boll forming and disease resistance of the variety are kept.

The invention discloses a method for breeding flavor-type purple hard rice two-line hybrid rice special for processing fragrant purple rice noodles. The method particularly comprises the following steps: screening a high-combining ability purple hard rice variety I and a high high-combining ability flavor-type purple hard rice variety IV, wherein the variety I and the IV have different genetic backgrounds and comprise purple rice genes P with a dosage effect and allelic fragrance genes a and allelic hard rice genes H; and respectively introducing the fragrance genes a, the purple rice genes P and the hard rice genes H in the two varieties into a two-line sterile line I and a two-line restoring line V, so as to respectively obtain a high-combining ability flavor-type purple hard rice two-line sterile line III and a high-combining ability flavor-type purple hard rice two-line restoring line VI, hybridizing and assembling, so as to obtain flavor-type purple hard rice two-line hybrid rice VII special for processing the fragrant purple rice noodles. The flavor-type purple hard rice two-line hybrid rice VII processed from the flavor-type purple hard rice bred by the method in the invention is fragrant and is high in yield and wide in adaptability, and seed coats are purple; and the rice noodles processed from the hybrid rice is boilproof, purple, has a slight fragrance and good taste and is low in fracture rate.

The invention relates to a method for breeding homotype waxy corn selfing line by sweet corn selfing line. The method comprises the steps of (1) selecting waxy corn resource as female parent and sweet corn selfing line as male parent to obtain cross-bred clusters; (2) planting seeds of the cross-bred clusters, and taking sweet corn selfing line as male parent to obtain backcross clusters; (3) threshing the backcross clusters, selecting and remaining non-sweet seeds, planting single seeds, carrying out single plant bagging selfing, selecting clusters with waxy seeds, threshing single clusters, and selecting and remaining waxy non-sweet seeds; (4) planting the waxy non-sweet seeds selected and remained by step (3), repeating three cycles from step (1) to step (3) to obtain the waxy corn selfing material which has the same type as the sweet corn selfing line; and (5) carrying out single seed planting on the selfing material obtained in step (4), carrying out single plate bagging selfing, and selecting the clusters without sweet seeds to be threshed to obtain the waxy corn selfing line which has the same type as that of the sweet corn selfing line.

The invention belongs to the field of biotechnical breeding, and concretely relates to a method for obtaining sesame distant hybrid progeny through adopting immature embryo saving. The method concretely comprises the following steps: selecting a sesame cultivar (2n = 26) as a female parent and a sesame wild species S. prostratum (2n = 58) as a male parent, or selecting a sesame wild species S. schinzianum (2n = 64) as a female parent and a semi-wild species S. malabaricum (2n = 26) as a male parent; carrying out distant hybirdization on the male parent and the female parent, taking immature capsules 10-18d after hybridization pollination, and picking off ovules; inoculating the ovules into an immature embryo induction medium, and carrying out culture induction on germs to make the germs germinate in order to obtain immature embryos; inoculating the immature embryos into a differentiation medium, and culturing until the immature embryos develop into hybrid F1 seedlings; and carrying out propagation spreading cultivation on the hybrid F1 seedlings to obtain complete hybrid F1 plants. The method adopts an immature embryo saving technology to overcome the problem of easy immature embryo and no obtaining of the hybrid F1 plants in the distant hybirdization process of the sesame wild species and the sesame cultivar, and allows the disease and adverse stress resistance of the wild species to be transferred to the cultivar in order to effectively improve the germplasm of the sesame cultivar.

The invention belongs to the technical field of molecular biology and cytobiology, and particularly relates to a creation method and application of a powdery mildew resistant novel wheat-rye 6BS. 6BL-6RL small fragment translocation line. According to the creation method, the homozygous wheat-rye 6BS. 6BL-6RL small fragment translocation line is obtained by creating an octoploid triticale and powdery mildew resistant wheat-rye 6RL single-ended addition line through hybridization of wheat and rye and transferring a 6RL arm to different wheat backgrounds. The small fragment translocation line has no negative effects on important agronomic traits such as plant height, tillering capability, ear forming capability, ear length, ear number per ear, maturing rate, thousand seed weight and the likebesides powdery mildew resistance, and has an effect of increasing the thousand seed weight of seeds.

The invention relates to a seed selection method for new strain of a maize inbred line, comprising the following steps: taking huangzaosi (seed of maize) and dan 340 (seed of maize) as base materials and mixing to obtain the first generation seed; backcrossing huangzaosi once; then alternately and circularly carrying out inbred for three years continuously in the north and south; planting the first generation in the north in the first summer; sheathing the bags for selfing; selecting the second generation seed with good disease resistance; implementing high-density planting and disease inoculation test in the south in winter; screening for selfing; oppositely crossing with REID line material; selecting the third generation seed with good disease resistance; planting in the north in the second year; screening the fourth generation seed; and implementing planting and selfing in the north in the year; screening the fifth generation seed after combining an ability test; implementing planting and selfing in the north in the third year; implementing disease inoculation test and combining ability identification; preferably selecting the stable sixth generation seed; implementing test identification through assembling and planting in the south; selecting the optimized line after large-scale multipoint planting and identification at different places in the north so as to breed the new strain king128 of maize inbred with strong disease resistance, good yielding performance and wide adaptability.

The invention discloses a method for screening anti-black rot mutant plants with cabbage free microspores. The method comprises the following steps: (1) separating and purifying black rot pathogenic bacteria; (2) roughly extracting toxin of black rot pathogenic bacteria; (3) dissociating and purifying microspores; (4) inducing a disease-resistant mutation embryoid; (5) differentiating adventitious buds of a disease-resistant mutant by the embryoid; and (6) performing rooting culture on adventitious buds. According to the invention, the disease-resistant mutant raw material is firstly taken from a haploid cell or a double haploid cell, extensive variation types can be generated, and the abundant hereditary basis can be supplied for disease-resistant selection; a mutant always happens at cell level and is applied to a microspore mutant for easily selecting a recessive gene and polygene homozygous dominance mutant; the mutant can be doubled through ploidy, so as to quickly acquire a homozygous disease-resistant material; the black rot pathogenic bacteria rough toxin is taken as a selective agent and is greatly beneficial to the promotion of gene aberration rate and the expansion of variation spectrum.

The invention relates to a crop breeding method, in particular to an innovative breeding method of a Huanglv-Lancaster population germplasm. The method includes the steps: selecting a Huanglv modifiedpopulation inbred line as one of parents, hybridizing the Huanglv modified population inbred line and a Lancaster population inbred line, taking the Huanglv modified population inbred line as a parent to perform backcross once, and continuously inbreeding multiple generations by a Gaodayan breeding method to breed a plurality of excellent inbred lines; confirming the selected inbred line belonging to a Huanglv-Lancaster population by the aid of an SSR (simple sequence repeats) molecular marker technology; selecting inbred lines from an X population as a female parent testing variety to perform test cross; repeatedly planting the test cross variety in multi-point multi-row areas by taking a current Chinese mainly-planted corn variety as contrast, and selecting one inbred line to obtain a new Huanglv-Lancaster population germplasm. The inbred line has the advantages that the yield of test cross combination is 10% higher than that of the Chinese mainly-planted corn variety, a ripe stageis early, vertical lodging resistance is high, head smut resistance is good, poor soil tolerance is achieved, dewatering speed is high, grains are low in water content, and the characters of the inbred line are superior to those of hybrid combination of an original parent and the female parent testing variety. The method aims to improve the genetic gain of Chinese specific germplasm resources.

The invention discloses a method for adjusting asynchronous flowering of forage triticosecale wittmack and forage rye in distant hybridization. The forage triticosecale wittmack and the forage eye are selected as hybrid parents for distant hybridization, the forage triticosecale wittmack is used as a male parent, the forage rye is used as a female parent, the forage rye is cut before the forage rye is in a booting stage, and the method is used for ensuring that the forage triticosecale wittmack and the forage rye have synchronous flowering. The problem that the forage triticosecale wittmack and the forage rye have asynchronous flowering in distant hybridization is solved, and convenient conditions are provided for richening the species genetic basis of the forage triticosecale wittmack through external source genetic genes.

The invention belongs to the technical field of hybrid seed production, and discloses an information collection and measurement system used in hybrid seed production of carp and a measurement method.The information collection and measurement system used in hybrid seed production of the carp comprises a species numbering module, an information registration module, a central processing module, a purity identification module, a matching hybridization module, an accounting module, a data storage module and a display module. Through the purity identification module, the purity of hybrid seeds canbe quickly identified, the identification time is short, the cost is low, it is not required that a testing person has specialized knowledge, and the system is convenient to use. Through the species numbering module, the information registration module, the matching hybridization module and the accounting module, a perfect management mechanism is provided, so that a method and processes of the hybrid seed production of the carp are easily standardized, the hybrid seed production efficiency is improved, and a parent and a good variety which are rich in hereditary basis and good in combining ability and gather more favorable genes are easily bred.

The invention discloses a breeding method for aromatic red soft rice three-line hybrid rice. The method comprises the steps of: 1) screening an aromatic red soft rice maintenance variety and an aromatic red soft rice recovery variety that contain a red rice gene R having dose effect, and also contain an allelic aromatic gene a and an allelic soft rice gene s; 2) subjecting the aromatic red soft rice maintenance variety to breeding to obtain an aromatic red soft rice maintenance line and an aromatic red soft rice male sterile line with a genotype of aaRRss; 3) subjecting the aromatic red soft rice recovery variety to breeding to obtain an aromatic red soft rice recovery line with a genotype of aaRRss; and 4) taking the aromatic red soft rice male sterile line as the female parent, and adopting the aromatic red soft rice recovery line as the male parent to produce the aromatic red soft rice hybrid rice with high yield and wide adaptability. The aromatic red soft rice hybrid rice bred by the method provided by the invention has heavy aroma, red rice seed coat and high yield, also the steamed rice is soft and moist, does not retrograde, and can be edible when it is cold and hot.

The invention relates to the technical field of rice breeding, in particular to a method for increasing the total grain number of a single spike of two-line hybrid early indica rice. An existing dual-purpose sterile line carrying photo-thermo sensitive genic male sterile genes serves as a female parent, apical spikelet 2-4-grain clustered early indica rice with a growth period not 2 days longer than that of the female parent serves as a male parent for hybridization, carrying of the photo-thermo sensitive genic male sterile genes and apical spikelet 2-4-grain clustering characters serve as breeding goals, clustered dual-purpose sterile line breeding is successively performed, and then conventional early indica rice in normal single-grain insertion is selected as a male parent to prepare atwo-line hybrid early indica rice combination. According to the two-line hybrid early indica rice combination obtained by the technology, the planted rice has the advantages that parts of apical spikelet 2-grains are clustered, the total grain number of the single spike is obviously increased, thousand seed weight and maturing rate are kept at normal level, high yield is achieved and the like, andper unit yield can be effectively improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of rice breeding, in particular to a method for increasing the total number of grains per ear of two-line hybrid early indica rice. The early indica rice with 2-4 clusters of apical spikelets with a period not longer than 2 days of the female parent was used as the male parent to carry out crosses. The breeding target was to carry the photothermo-sensitive gene sterility gene and the 2-4 clusters of apical spikelets. Breeding of cluster-type two-line sterile lines, and then selecting normal single-grain conventional early indica rice as the male parent to prepare two-line hybrid early indica rice combination, the two-line hybrid early indica rice combination obtained by this technology, after planting The rice has the characteristics of clustering of 2 grains in some top spikelets, a significant increase in the total number of grains per panicle, a normal level of 1000-grain weight and seed setting rate, and high yield, which can effectively improve the yield per unit.

The invention relates to the technical field of crop breeding, and provides a breeding method for creating a new soybean germplasm. Natural open type natural hybridization is adopted, so that multi-gene recombination is achieved, genetic diversity is richer, complex procedures of artificial hybridization are overcome, and labor and time are saved. The method includes the steps that male parent soybeans and male genic male sterile female fertile female parent soybeans are planted, and harvesting is conducted to obtain basic soybeans and sterile plant grains; excellent soybeans are selected from the basic soybeans for planting, quality analysis is performed after harvesting, and breeding is completed; the plant height of the male parent soybeans and the plant height of the female parent soybeans are 80-90 cm independently; the grain protein is not less than 38% independently; and the grain fat content is independently greater than or equal to 18%. By hybridizing a soybean ms1 sterile plant and an excellent germplasm, the genetic basis of the soybean is separated and enriched, and the basic population is continuously optimized and improved. The provided breeding method for creating the new soybean germplasm is simple, rapid, high in selection efficiency, easy to master and convenient to operate.

The invention relates to a method for breeding a maize inbred line, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: selecting four inbred lines with prominent target traits of a same heterotic group, performing pairwise hybridization to match six single cross hybrids, planting the six single cross hybrids in the same isolation area, planting one row per single cross hybrid, allowing freepollening, performing mixed harvest and threshing in each row, mixing in equal amount in the next season, planting in the same isolation zone, allowing free pollening, selecting several single plantsthat meet target requirements, then planting each of the selected single plants into a single group in the next season, taking the group as a female parent, taking a maize parthenogenetic induction line as male parent for induction, and breeding the inbred line by doubling. The method has the advantages that: for deficiencies of long cycle and narrow genetic basis of inbred lines of a second cycle line, the six single cross hybrids generated by pairwise hybridization of four inbred lines of the same group are utilized, pollening is performed by two times of isolation, a homozygous inbred lineis bred by selecting the single plants and utilizing a haploid breeding technique, only four generations are required, a breeding cycle is short, and the genetic basis is rich.