A friction transmission belt that excels in not only repeated flexures of friction transmission belt and adhesion performance, such as heat resisting adhesion and dynamic adhesion, in run under heating conditions around engine but also desirable performance, such as heat resistance, abrasion resistance or abnormal noise prevention. There is provided a friction transmission belt comprising an adhesive rubber layer having core wires buried therein along the longitudinal direction of the belt and, piled thereon, a compression rubber layer, wherein the adhesive rubber layer is one formed by crosslinking an ethylene-a-olefin elastomer composition in the presence of an organic peroxide, and wherein the compression rubber layer is one formed by crosslinking an ethylene-a-olefin elastomer composition, and wherein the core wires are those having undergone adhesion treatment with the use of a resorcin-formaldehyde-latex adhesive composition containing a 2,3-dichlorobutadiene containing polymer latex.