The invention discloses a
simulation test method and
system of a large-
diameter soil pressure shield tunnel driving interface. The
system comprises a model box, a shield model, a shield driving
system, a
water level control device, a seepage tracking device and a
monitoring system. A
water level control system sends water to different heights of the model box to simulate the underground
water level; the seepage tracking device tracks the seepage streamline distribution at the location by the
diffusion of a
pigment under the action of seepage; and the
monitoring system comprises a
digital camera, and an earth and
water pressure sensor for monitoring the soil deformation, soil warehouse pressure distribution and the fluctuation law of the driving interface. According to the
simulation test method and system disclosed by the invention, a large-
diameter soil pressure shield driving process is simulated by propelling a soil warehouse partition plate and transporting
muck, different water level heights and driving speeds are set, the soil deformation, soil warehouse pressure distribution and the fluctuation law are monitored to study the underground
water seepage rule and
instability characteristics of the large-
diameter shield driving interface in permeable formation, and effective early warning is performed on the
instability of the driving interface, and then a corresponding
instability mechanism is established.