34results about How to "Increase the proportion of high-quality smoke" patented technology

The invention provides a tobacco leaf classification curing process. The tobacco leaf classification curing process is characterized in that fresh tobacco leaves are classified into 18 classes, including lower leaves-with a high water content, lower leaves-with a normal water content, lower leaves-with a low water content, lower leaves-with root system diseases, lower leaves-with excessive nutrients, lower leaves-with shortage of fertilizer and early aging, middle leaves-with a high water content, middle leaves-with a normal water content, middle leaves-with a low water content, middle leaves-with root system diseases, middle leaves-with excessive nutrients, middle leaves-with shortage of fertilizer and early aging, upper leaves-with a high water content, upper leaves-with a normal water content, upper leaves-with a low water content, upper leaves-with root system diseases, upper leaves-with excessive nutrients and upper leaves-with shortage of fertilizer and early aging. Each class corresponds to one baking temperature system, and all the baking temperature systems are stored in a temperature control instrument to be selected by tobacco growers. The tobacco leaf classification curing process improves the quality of cured tobacco leaves and improves the benefits for the tobacco growers.

The invention belongs to the field of microbes, and particularly provides a microbial composition for preventing and treating bacterial wilt of tobacco. The microbial composition is formed by combining three actinomyces bacteria of streptomyces microflavus CGMCC (China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center) 12841, streptomyces albidoflavus CGMCC 12842 and streptomyces pratensis CGMCC 12843 and one pseudomonas aeruginosa. The microbial composition can be used for effectively preventing and treating the bacterial wilt of the tobacco, is used for ameliorating the agronomic traits of the tobacco, adjusting the proportion of a beneficial microbe in soil and improving the yield of the tobacco and the proportion of superior cigarette. In addition, the invention also provides a culture method of the microbial composition.

The invention belongs to the field of microorganisms, and in particular provides a microbial composition for promoting tobacco growth. The microbial composition is formed by compounding specific Bacillus tequilensis, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella variicola and Enterobacter xiangfangensis strains at a ratio. The microbial composition can effectively improve agronomic characters of tobacco, adjust the proportion of beneficial microorganisms in the soil, and increase the yield of tobacco and the proportion of superior tobacco.

The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco processing, and particularly relates to a flue-curing method for flue-cured tobacco NC87 tobacco leaves. The method comprises the steps that purple soil is planted to obtain lower tobacco leaves, middle tobacco leaves and upper tobacco leaves of NC87 to be flue-cured in different curing barns separately, the temperature is increased slowly inthe tobacco leaf yellowing period inside the curing barns, frequency conversion control is performed on a circulating fan adopted in different flue-curing stages of the yellowing period, the fixationperiod and the stem-drying period, and the whole flue-curing stage is divided into ten small stages; meanwhile, the temperature is increased at low speed in the yellowing period, and the temperatureof the yellowing period is controlled to be 389 DEG C or below; the high and medium temperature yellowing steady temperature period is prolonged by 12 h, and the fixation middle and later period steady temperature period is prolonged by 12 h; finally, the NC87 obtained after flue-curing is superior in appearance and quality, chemical components inside the tobacco leaves can be coordinated, the tobacco leaf sensory evaluation quality is improved, and economic benefits are improved.

The invention discloses a control method, particularly discloses a control method for improving finished product tobacco leaf quality based on leaf position characteristics, and belongs to the technical field of tobacco cultivation technology. The control method for improving finished product tobacco leaf quality based on the leaf position characteristics controls the number of tobacco leaves to improve the finished product tobacco leaf quality in the growth process of tobacco. According to the control method, after the working procedure of topping and reserving 20 blades is executed, the finished product tobacco leaf quality is improved through the working procedure of removing part of blades at the leaf positions on the top and / or bottom again.

The invention discloses a baking method capable of improving the smoking quality of flue-cured tobaccos K326. The method specially comprises the following steps of harvesting, charging in stoves, yellowing, color fixation and killing-out. The problems of likely tobacco leaf yellowing, difficult color fixation, tobacco leaf stiffness after baking and insufficient aroma in the intensive baking process by controlling optimizing combinations of temperature, humidity and baking time, the first-class tobacco proportion, average price and the sensory smoking quality of baked tobaccos are effectively improved, and a technical support is provided for optimization of an adjustment and control technology adopted after intensive baking and yellowing.

The invention relates to the technical field of vegetable fertilizers and in particular relates to a tobacco organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The tobacco organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of rape seed cake, 10-20 parts of bean cake starter, 10-15 parts of thoroughly decomposed tobacco wastes, 5-15 parts of pig manure, 3-5 parts of chicken manure, 5-15 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 1-3 parts of potash fertilizer, 3-8 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 1-3 parts of humic acid, 1-3 parts of straws, 1-3 parts of calciummagnesium phosphate fertilizer and 0.5-1 part of culture. The tobacco organic fertilizer provided by the invention contains highly active substances and can achieve effects of freeing out lots of electric charge under the effect of water and breaking down blocking materials in micropores of soil aggregate, so that the soil restores the granular structure, and the effects of smoothing gas and heat,promoting growth and activity of aerobic useful plants, inhibiting and decomposing toxins in soil, increasing the content of organic matters in the soil and providing a loose and swelling growth environment for the crop root system; and moreover, according to the bean cake starter and the humic acid, direct nutritive materials can be provided for tobacco, growth of tobacco plants is promoted, thecost is low, and the economic benefits of tobacco leaves can be effectively increased.

The invention discloses an efficient azotobacter fertilizer for tobacco and a production method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of azotobacter fertilizer. The azotobacter fertilizer for tobacco comprises an adsorbent and a bacterial suspension containing colorless ZQ305(Achromabacter sp. ZQ305), namely colorless bacillus ZQ305 CGMCC No.3533. The adsorbent is turf, active carbon and vermiculite or is a mixture thereof, and the turf is crushed to 60-80mesh with a water content of 10-20%. In the efficient azotobacter fertilizer, per 400-600g of the adsorbent is added with 100ml of the bacterial suspension. The azotobacter fertilizer can increase soil fertility, flue-cured tobacco output and a proportion of superior tobacco; and the tobacco leaf has good component compatibility and decreased miscellaneous gas and irritant. According to the azotobacter fertilizer, an application amount of nitrogenous fertilizer can be reduced by 10-20% to lower costs; therefore, the efficient azotobacter fertilizer has good social and economic values.

The invention relates to a method for drought resisting transplanting of flue-cured tobacco through an agriculture and forestry water-retaining agent and belongs to the technical field of cultivation of the flue-cured tobacco. The method for drought resisting transplanting of the flue-cured tobacco through the agriculture and forestry water-retaining agent comprises the four steps of determining the dosage of the agriculture and forestry water-retaining agent for flue-cured tobacco cultivation, selecting soil and the agriculture and forestry water-retaining agent, preparing gel of the agriculture and forestry water-retaining agent, and transplanting flue-cured tobacco seedlings. The method is simple and reliable, and by adopting the method to carry out drought resisting cultivation of the flue-cured tobacco, it can be ensured that the drought resisting time after the flue-cured tobacco is transplanted reaches 20 days or over, the yield per mu can be increased by 9.8-13.3 kg, and the output value per mu can be increased by 327.6-448.2 CNY. Meanwhile, the method relieves white pollution, protects the ecological environment of tobacco fields and is easy to apply and popularize.

The invention belongs to the technical field of crop-rotation planting of tobacco plants and discloses a double-cropping planting method for tobacco plants and autumn peas. The method comprises the steps: tobacco plant-autumn pea crops-for-rotation link: carrying out land preparation, and carrying out basal fertilizer application; autumn pea planting: carrying out sowing, carrying out fertilizer and water management, and carrying out harvesting; autumn pea-tobacco plant crops-for-rotation link: carrying out land preparation, carrying out ridge forming, carrying out basal fertilizer application, and carrying out mulching; and tobacco plant planting: carrying out seedling raising, carrying out transplanting, carrying out field management, and carrying out mature picking and curing. Accordingto the method, the problem on tobacco field soil obstacle caused by the existing tobacco plant planting single-cropping continuous-cropping mode can be effectively solved, soil nutrients are balanced, root system development is promoted, accumulation of harmful substances and plant diseases and insect pests are reduced, the yield and quality of tobacco leaves and comprehensive economic results ofa tobacco field are improved. Shown by experiments, by the method, organic matters of soil can be increased by 10%-20%, the structure of an arable layer is improved obviously, the incidence rate of diseases is lowered by 55%, the first-class tobacco ratio of the tobacco leaves is increased by 5%-7%, the chemical ingredient coordination and sensory evaluation score of the tobacco leaves are improved obviously, and the comprehensive economic results of farmers are increased by 15%-20%.

The invention discloses a fertilizer preparation for improving and restoring continuous cropping tobacco field soil and an use method thereof. The fertilizer preparation is prepared from the followingcomponents in parts by weight: 43 to 44 parts of rape seed cake, 17.2 to 17.6 parts of vinasse, 51.6 to 52.8 parts of wormcast, 3.0 to 3.2 parts of citric acid, 50 to 53 parts of perlite and 0.3 to 0.4 part of bacillus amyloliquefaciens. The fertilizer preparation is used as base fertilizer, so that the tobacco field soil volume weight is reduced; the contents of rapid available nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus and rapid available potassium are increased; the flue-cured tobacco agricultural property is improved; the chemical ingredient cooperated effect is improved; the yield, the production value and the first-class tobacco proportion is obviously increased; the economic benefits are obviously improved.

The invention discloses a tobacco leaf intensive baking method. The method is characterized by including the following steps of firstly, judging the parts and maturity of tobacco leaves, and classifying the tobacco leaves into normal mature tobacco leaves on the upper side, normal mature tobacco leaves in the middle and normal mature tobacco leaves on the lower side; secondly, classifying the three types of tobacco leaves in different baking rooms to be independently baked according to independent baking parameters. By means of the method, the ratio of superior tobacco leaves is increased, theincome of tobacco farmers is increased, the after-baking tobacco leaf quality is improved, and the industrial satisfaction is improved. Dehumidifying is stably conducted during baking, heat loss is reduced, and the energy conservation and emission reduction effects are achieved.

A method of using environment-friendly enzyme in the process of flue-cured tobacco planting includes: (1), after transplanting flue-cured tobacco, irrigating 1000-1500 times of environment-friendly enzyme liquid every 10-15 days, irrigating 800-100ml for each tobacco plant until the tobacco plants cap, and irrigating for 5-6 times in total; (2), after the tobacco plants enter a mature period, using 1000-1500 times of the environment-friendly enzyme liquid to spray leaves when the leaves on the upper portion, the middle portion and the lower portion are mature, wherein 50-60kg is used per mu. The method has the advantages that the method has obvious promoting effect on the tobacco plants and certain effect on controlling damage caused by tobacco brown spot, potassium content of tobacco leaves is increased remarkably, the method has obvious effect on improving quality of the tobacco leaves, first-class tobacco proportion based on the potassium content of the tobacco leaves is increased by 11.76%-0.02%, and output value per mu is increased by 628.96-159.17RMB.

The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco planting and particularly relates to a compound preparation and a spraying method thereof. The compound preparation comprises gibberellin, indoleacetic acid, potash fertilizer and non-ionic surfactant. The invention further provides the spraying method of the compound preparation. The spraying method includes the steps that the compound preparation is dissolved in water, and a mixed solution is obtained through mixing; the mixed solution is sprayed on surfaces of leaves on the upper portions of tobacco plants. According to actual spraying and measurement, the compound preparation and the spraying method can effectively increase the total sugar content, the reducing sugar content, the potassium content and the nicotine content in tobacco leaves, meanwhile, the starch content is reduced, and the ratio of sugar to nicotine and the ratio of nitrogen to nicotine are increased. Besides, the compound preparation and the spraying method can effectively increase the flue-cured tobacco yield, the production value and the first-class tobacco proportion, and economic benefits are remarkably improved. The technical scheme is simple, convenient to use and suitable for large-scale popularization.

The invention relates to a special fully-watersoluble organic fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco and belongs to the technical field of fertilizers. The special fully-watersoluble organic fertilizer is composed of, by weight, 28-32 parts of humic acid, 38-43 parts of water-soluble organic matters, 1-3 parts of organic calcium, 1.5-2.3 parts of organic magnesium, 0.8-1.2 parts of boron salt, 0.9-1.1 parts of copper salt, 0.85-1.2 parts of ferric salt, 0.7-1.1 parts of manganese salt, 0.9-1.3 parts of zinc salt, 7-10 parts of amino acid, 10-15 parts of fulvic acid and 0.9-1.3 parts of phosphorus pentoxide, wherein the boron salt, the copper salt, the ferric salt, the manganese salt and the zinc salt are all soluble in water. The special fully-watersoluble organic fertilizer is excellent in water solubility and less in impurities, water insoluble matters are smaller than or equal to 0.5%, and the fertilizer is quickly soluble in water and uniformly distributed into plant root soil along with water. Moreover, the special fully-watersoluble organic fertilizer is high in active ingredient content and small in usage amount, so that cost for packaging, storing, transporting and utilizing can be reduced.

The invention discloses a tobacco seedling cultivation method. The method includes applying artificial illumination and spraying GA3 in tobacco seedling cultivation, wherein the illumination treatmentadopts a red light or blue light LED (Light Emitting Diode) light source, and the spraying concentration of GA3 is 50mg L-1. Combined treatment is utilized to promote the root growth of tobacco seedlings and improve the activity of key enzymes for carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and thus the quality of the tobacco seedlings is improved, and meanwhile, the economic benefits of the transplanted tobacco leaves are increased, the total nitrogen and potassium contents of the roasted tobacco leaves are increased, the contents of starch, reducing sugar, total sugar and nicotine are decreased, the nitrogen-alkali ratio is increased, the chemical components of the roasted tobacco leaves tend to be coordinated, and the internal quality is improved.

The invention discloses a flue-cured tobacco management and baking method based on betaine application for relieving gray smoke. The flue-cured tobacco management method comprises following steps: 1)Identification of gray grade of tobacco leaf and first spraying: gray smoke grade identification of tobacco plants with gray smoke; the disease degree of gray flue-cured tobacco comprises 6 grades; and spraying according to gray smoke grade; 2) re-identification of gray degree grade and secondary spraying: firstly, the gray smoke grade is identified again for the tobacco plants 10 to 20 days afterthe first spraying, and the second spraying is applied according to the gray smoke grade until the gray smoke level does not exceed 2 levels. The invention effectively alleviates the occurrence of gray smoke in the field by determining the ash grade of the affected tobacco field and the application of betaine. The method of the invention can effectively improve the health degree of tobacco leavesin the field and the grade of tobacco leaves after roasting, and provides theoretical and technical support for controlling gray smoke in the field.

The invention relates to a microbial organic fertilizer. The microbial organic fertilizer contains more than 200 million / g of effective viable bacteria; organic matters is higher than 60 percent through being metered by the drying base; the pH value is 5 to 7; the fecal coliform group number does not exceed 60 / g; the death rate of the roundworm ova reaches higher than 95 percent; the total content of N, P2O5 and K2O in the microbial organic fertilizer reaches higher than 8 percent. The microbial organic fertilizer has the important effects on promoting the tobacco growth and development and enhancing the photosynthesis of crop leaves; when the microbial organic fertilizer is applied as a base fertilizer, the application amount is 100 to 150kg / 667m<2>. The microbial organic fertilizer has the advantages that the effect is obvious; the fertilizer effect is stable; high yield and high quality are facilitated; better yield increase effects and economic benefits are achieved.

The invention discloses a flue-cured tobacco curing method for effectively improving the quality of manganese-poisoned tobacco leaves. Baking is carried out, and after the yellowing period, color fixing period and gluten drying period, the roasted tobacco leaves can be obtained. Aiming at the characteristics of manganese poisoned tobacco leaves, the present invention reduces the limitations of existing curing methods on manganese poisoned tobacco leaves by optimizing the combination of temperature, humidity and curing time during the curing process, and solves the problem of manganese poisoning in tobacco leaves causing the flue-cured tobacco leaves to be brown. It can effectively improve the proportion of high-quality tobacco, the average price, and the sensory evaluation quality of tobacco leaves after roasting, thereby improving the quality of roasted tobacco leaves with manganese poisoning, and significantly reducing the loss of tobacco farmers. It has simple process, easy operation, and improved effect. Notable feature.

The invention discloses a flue-cured tobacco curing method for effectively improving the quality of iron-poisoned tobacco leaves. The flue-cured tobacco curing method comprises the steps of harvestingproper mature tobacco leaves with iron poisoning symptoms, and braiding the tobacco leaves into rods; loading the braided tobacco leaves into a curing barn; and curing the loaded tobacco leaves, andobtaining the cured tobacco leaves after a yellowing period, a color fixing period and a stem drying period. In allusion to the characteristics of iron-poisoned tobacco leaves, the temperature, the humidity and the curing time in the curing process are optimally combined, enzymatic browning reaction of the tobacco leaves in the curing process is reduced and even eliminated, so that the problem ofash hanging of flue-cured tobacco leaves caused by iron poisoning of the tobacco leaves is solved, the proportion and the average price of first-class tobacco and the sensory evaluation quality of thecured tobacco leaves are improved, losses of tobacco growers are remarkably reduced, and the method has the advantages of being simple in process, easy to operate and remarkable in improvement effect.

The invention discloses a roasting method for leggy tobacco leaves, which is used for roasting leggy tobacco leaves. Two tobacco leaves are arranged on the pole as a pinch, and each pinch of tobacco leaves is arranged back-to-back; then it is dried in three stages and six steps. When harvesting leggy tobacco leaves, you should wait patiently for them to mature and turn yellow, so as to prevent yellowing and dehydration difficulties during baking. But it should not be overcooked to prevent ash or blackening. According to a standard rod of 1.5 meters long, each rod is woven with 45 to 55 pinch of tobacco, that is, 90 to 110 pieces of tobacco per rod. Compared with the traditional method for curing leggy tobacco leaves, the method for curing leggy tobacco leaves of the present invention increases the proportion of high-quality tobacco by more than 11%, the proportion of middle and high-grade tobacco by about 6%, and the proportion of variegated tobacco is reduced by more than 11%. Nearly 30%, the proportion of hanging ash is reduced by nearly 40%, the proportion of flue-cured black tobacco is reduced by more than 16%, and the proportion of flue-cured green tobacco is reduced by more than 20%.

The invention discloses a flue-cured tobacco management and baking method based on betaine application for relieving gray smoke. The flue-cured tobacco management method comprises following steps: 1)Identification of gray grade of tobacco leaf and first spraying: gray smoke grade identification of tobacco plants with gray smoke; the disease degree of gray flue-cured tobacco comprises 6 grades; and spraying according to gray smoke grade; 2) re-identification of gray degree grade and secondary spraying: firstly, the gray smoke grade is identified again for the tobacco plants 10 to 20 days afterthe first spraying, and the second spraying is applied according to the gray smoke grade until the gray smoke level does not exceed 2 levels. The invention effectively alleviates the occurrence of gray smoke in the field by determining the ash grade of the affected tobacco field and the application of betaine. The method of the invention can effectively improve the health degree of tobacco leavesin the field and the grade of tobacco leaves after roasting, and provides theoretical and technical support for controlling gray smoke in the field.

The invention discloses a modulating process method for reducing a release amount of ammonia in the flue-cured tobacco. By dividing a tobacco flue-curing stage into six continuous stages and setting different wet and dry bulb temperatures, heating rates, relative humidity and baking time for six stages, the release amount of ammonia after tobacco leaves are flue-cured is obviously reduced. Through the adoption of the flue-curing process provided by the invention, not only can the release amount of ammonia in the flue-cured tobacco be reduced obviously, but also the class structure of the tobacco leaves is enabled to be promoted, the proportion of first-class tobacco is increased, smoking quality of the tobacco leaves is promoted, the fragrance quality and the fragrance quantity is improved obviously, irritation and offensive odor are reduced, the price of the baked tobacco leaves is enabled to be risen and the economic value of the tobacco leaves is increased.