725results about How to "Improve the development effect" patented technology

A resin including (i) a main chain portion containing a nitrogen atom, (ii) a group X that has a functional group having a pKa of 14 or less and is bonded to a nitrogen atom present in the main chain portion, and (iii) an oligomer chain or polymer chain Y having a number average molecular weight of from 500 to 1,000,000 in a side chain.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a process unit and an image forming apparatus in which generation of loss of image density due to flying off of developer and the edge effect occurring as a side-effect under developing conditions aimed at improving development performance can be reduced, even when a DC bias development system is adopted, and which can suppress developing density unevenness caused by impact occurring on contact of the teeth of gears in the drive system.

The invention discloses a multiple-stratum-series tight sandstone gas reservoir well spacing method. The method includes the following steps that first, based on high-resolution sequence stratigraphy, distribution of sand bodies is depicted, an effective reservoir stratum is predicted through the earthquake and well logging technology, and an enrichment region is preferentially selected; second, based on a favorable region, a longitudinal structure of the sand bodies is fine dissected through the geology and well logging technology, and therefore the horizontal distribution law of the sand bodies can be researched; third, in the preferential favorable region, well spacing is performed according to conditions. The well spacing method is reasonable and takes the complex geology that multiple gas-bearing series longitudinally develop in an upper palaeozoic tight sandstone gas reservoir, the single layer yield is low and the lateral variety of the reservoir stratum is fast into consideration, the drilling success of a development well can be guaranteed, the development effect can be improved to the maximum extent, and the economical and effective development of the tight sandstone gas reservoir is achieved.

The invention discloses a stratification developing method for a complex fault block thin oil reservoir. The method comprises the steps that the structure of the oil reservoir to be developed and the magnitude of edge-bottom water oil reservoir energy are determined; on the basis of determining the structure, fine geological stratification is achieved, and development units are detailed to single sand bodies; on the basis of fine geological stratification, the reservoir properties of all the single sand bodies are evaluated, and the spacing layer distribution conditions and physical characteristics of all the single sand bodies are determined; on the basis of determining reservoir evaluation, the residual oil distribution law and residual recoverable reserves of all the single sand bodies are determined through development effect analysis; after the residual oil distribution law is determined, series of strata recombination boundaries of horizontal well deployment target layers and vertical well drilling reservoir are obtained by utilizing numerical simulation in combination with field experience; on the basis of determining the conditions, according to the stratification developing technology, well pattern overall planning and deployment are carried out, and the stratification developing scheme is complied. According to the stratification developing method, the usage degree of the oil reservoir reserves can be increased, the development effect of the oil reservoir can be improved, and the recovery efficiency of the oil reservoir is enhanced.

Provided is a magnetic carrier satisfying leakage, white spots, charging property and high developing performance in a low electric field and having excellent durability. The magnetic carrier is a magnetic carrier comprising a magnetic substance-dispersed resin carrier core containing a magnetic substance and a binder resin, and a coating resin on a surface thereof, wherein the magnetic substance comprises a magnetic substance A having a shape without vertexes and a magnetic substance B having a shape with vertexes, the magnetic substance B has a number average particle diameter of 0.40-2.00 μm, and in a reflection electron image of a section of the magnetic substance-dispersed resin carrier core taken by a scanning electron microscope, an area proportion of the magnetic substance B is larger than an area proportion of the magnetic substance A within a region from the surface of the magnetic substance-dispersed resin carrier core to a depth of 1.0 μm.

The invention relates to a drilling engineering technology in petroleum engineering, in particular to a method for monitoring the track of an actually drilled wellbore. The method comprises the following steps: acquisition of inclination survey data and naturalization treatment; determination of characteristic parameters of a wellbore track model; determination of a hole inclination equation and an azimuth equation; calculation of coordinate increment; calculation of surveying point coordinates; and so on. As for large-displacement wells containing catenary or parabola tracks and various directional wells and horizontal wells, the method can accurately monitor the coordinates of various surveying points, so as to make the monitoring result accord with the practice of the drilling engineering, thereby effectively improving the construction precision and the reliability of catenary drilling and parabola drilling.

A photoresist layer comprising a fluorinated photoresist material is formed on a device substrate and exposed to patterned radiation. The exposed photoresist layer is contacted with a developing agent to remove a portion of the exposed photoresist layer in accordance with the patterned light, thereby forming a developed structure having a first pattern of photoresist covering the substrate and a complementary second pattern of uncovered substrate corresponding to the removed portion of photoresist, the developing agent comprising a mixture of first and second fluorinated solvents, wherein at least one of the first and second solvents is a hydrofluoroether. The developed structure is treated to form a treated structure. The treated structure is contacted with a stripping agent to remove the first pattern of photoresist, the stripping agent comprising at least the first or second solvent in a concentration different from the developing agent.

A magnetic toner is formed of magnetic toner particles each comprising a binder resin, an iron oxide, a sulfur-containing polymer, and inorganic fine powder blended with the magnetic toner particles, the toner having a weight-average particle size (D4) of 3-10 mum, and either (a) an average circularity of at least 0.970, and a magnetization of 10-50 Am<2> / kg (emu / g) at a magnetic field of 79.6 kA / m (1000 oersted), or (b) toner particles which retain carbon in an amount of A and iron in an amount of B at surfaces thereof, satisfying: B / A<0.001, and containing at least 50% by number of magnetic toner particles of D / C<=0.02, wherein C represents a particle projection area-equivalent circle diameter and D represents a minimum distance between a surface of the magnetic toner particle and iron oxide particles contained therein.

The invention discloses a method and a device for judging a single-well water invasion situation of a water-carrying gas reservoir and controlling gas well production. The method for judging the single-well water invasion situation of the water-carrying gas reservoir comprises the steps of taking Gp(Ppi-Pp) / (Ppi-Ppwf) as x coordinates, taking q / delta Pp as y coordinates, and drawing a first diagnostic curve; taking Gp as the x coordinates, taking Pwf / Z as the y coordinates, and drawing a second diagnostic curve; taking tca as the x coordinates, taking q / delta Pp as the y coordinates, and drawing a third diagnostic curve; respectively carrying out gas well water invasion judgment on the first diagnostic curve, the second diagnostic curve and the third diagnostic curve; giving a gas well water invasion conclusion by integrating judging results, wherein Gp is the cumulative gas production in current time, Ppi is a pseudopressure form of initial pressure of a gas well, Pp is the average pseudopressure of an oil reservoir in the current time, Ppwf is a pseudopressure form of BHFP (Bottom Hole Flowing Pressure) of the gas well, q is the daily gas production of the gas well, delta Pp is equal to Ppi-Ppwf, Pwf is the BHFP of the gas well, Z is a gas bias factor, and tca is a pseudotime function. According to the method and the device, disclosed by the invention, the reliability of judging the single-well water invasion situation of the water-carrying gas reservoir can be increased, and the production of the gas well can be reasonably controlled.

The invention provides a gravity and steam flooding combined mining method of a thick layer containing an interlayer common heavy oil reservoir. The method comprises the following steps: 1) whether geological parameters and fluid characteristics in an oil deposit block can satisfy mining conditions or not is ensured; 2) in an interlayer oil deposit block, a straight well and horizontal well combined well spacing mode is adopted, a horizontal producing well is drilled on the lower portion close to an oil layer, a steam injection straight well is arranged diagonally above the horizontal producing well, and a producing straight well is arranged in an area on the same layer with the steam injection straight well according to growing circumstances of the interlayer; 3) huff and puff are conducted simultaneously by the horizontal producing well and the steam injection straight well so that hot communication is formed by the steam injection straight well and the horizontal producing well, the reservoir pressure drops to 3-4MPa, and then steam is injected by the steam injection straight well, and production and mining are conducted by the horizontal producing well; and 4) after the oil layer on the lower portion of the interlayer is put into use basically, perforation is conducted on the parts, arranged on the upper portion of the interlayer, of the steam injection straight well and the producing straight well, steam injection well points are increased and steam quantity is improved at intervals, and production and mining are conducted simultaneously by the horizontal producing well and the producing straight well.

An electrophotographic image forming apparatus has a developing roller, wherein a glossiness of a surface of the developing roller is in a range of about 4 to about 15, the developing roller includes a plurality of protruding beads, a number average distance (Rsm) between the protruding beads is in a range of about 200 μm to about 400 μm, a supplying roller includes a plurality of foam cells, a number average size of the foam cells is in a range of about 300 μm to about 500 μm, and the developing roller is arranged to rotate at a rotation linear velocity that is about 120% to about 150% of a rotation linear velocity of a photoreceptor.

The invention relates to a database structure that is constructed or arranged by the use of the internet map data, especially belonging to a generation and application method of high speed Web electric map based on the space database and SVG, which is composed of server and client end that is named foreground control module. The server contains the data permanent layer that includes SXW documents and Oracle Spatial, and the application logic layer that includes data storage, SXW analysis device, data updating device, SVG packaging device, SVG element plant, distribution device and client end. The effect of the invention is: the efficient and independent Oracle Spatial management and calculating spatial system. Because the space data performance and space dada calculation are separated, the terminal user greatly improves speed in space inquiry and map examination, so that it is beneficial in the user experience.

The object of the present invention is to provide a magnetic toner enabling an image with high image density and excellent image reproducibility to be obtained, which is excellent in fluidity, charging stability, and charging uniformity, even for long-term use, and also enabling an image whose fogging, ghost, and scattering are suppressed to be obtained. The magnetic toner has at least a binder resin and a magnetic material, where, the magnetic material is an magnetic iron oxide whose dielectric breakdown voltage of the magnetic material is 160 to 1600 V / cm, and the dielectric loss tangent (tan δ) of the magnetic toner at 100 kHz and 40° C. is 2.0×10−3 to 1.0×10−2.

A hydraulic shaping method for metal plate includes such steps as filling hydraulic oil in hydraulic chamber, arranging the metal plate material to be shaped between hydraulic chamber and female die, moving female die down, applying force to plate and female for pressing edge and locking die, and filling high-pressure liquid to deform the metal plate. Its hydraulic die set is composed of upper die plate, female die and hydraulic plate.

Provided is the following magnetic carrier. The magnetic carrier maintains high developing performance even when the number of sheets to be output is large. Its charge-providing performance hardly reduces even when toner or an external additive is spent on the magnetic carrier. In addition, the magnetic carrier is strong in resistance against standing. The magnetic carrier includes a magnetic carrier core and a resinous coating layer formed on a surface of the magnetic carrier core, in which the resinous coating layer contains a resin composition and silica-alumina composite particles.

The invention discloses a high-pressure common-rail fuel injection pressure control method and system. According to the method, an electric fuel delivery pump driven by a DC motor is taken as an actuating element and the high-pressure common-rail fuel injection pressure is adjusted by adjusting the low-pressure fuel output quantity. The method is characterized in that a set fuel injection pressure value and a target driving PWM signal value of the electric fuel delivery pump are calculated by gathering the operating parameters of an engine, and a PWM single duty ratio control logic changes along with switching of the operating condition modes of the engine. According to the invention, the common-rail injection pressure is adjusted by controlling the fuel supply quantity of the electric fuel delivery pump, which avoids unnecessary load of the engine, increases the energy conversion efficiency of the engine and fits the intellectualization, integration and modularization development trend of automobile actuators. The invention changes traditional common-rail fuel injection pressure control and calibration modes, reduces technological dependence on high-pressure common-rail fuel injection system suppliers and contributes to enhancing the independent design and development abilities of engine and diesel vehicle manufacturers.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a process unit and an image forming apparatus in which generation of loss of image density due to flying off of developer and the edge effect occurring as a side-effect under developing conditions aimed at improving development performance can be reduced, even when a DC bias development system is adopted, and which can suppress developing density unevenness caused by impact occurring on contact of the teeth of gears in the drive system.

The invention discloses am amphipathy carbon quantum dot and a preparation method thereof. The amphipathy carbon quantum dot is prepared by virtue of the following steps: carrying out pyrolysis on chili powder which is adopted as a carbon source in an air atmosphere, and then carrying out the extraction and purification by virtue of ethanol. The particle size of the carbon quantum dot prepared in the method is 0.5nm to 4.5nm, and the surface of the carbon quantum dot is not only provided with hydrophilic groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, formyl groups and amino groups but also provided with hydrophobic groups such as methyl, methylene and phenyl, so the carbon quantum dot is amphipathic. The fluorescent quantum yield of the carbon quantum dot is 70 to 75 percent. The preparation method is simple to operate, and raw materials are low in price and easy to obtain and can be used for preparing the amphipathy carbon quantum dots in a large scale. Compared with other single hydrophilic and single hydrophobic carbon quantum dots, the prepared amphipathy carbon quantum dot is better in biological compatibility, the cell developing effect is better, and the amphipathy carbon quantum dot can be well applied to the fields such as biological developing, biological medical imaging and fluorescent detection.

A magnetic toner capable of exhibiting stable chargeability regardless of environmental change is formed of magnetic toner particles each comprising at least a binder resin, an iron oxide and a sulfur-containing polymer, and inorganic fine powder blended with the magnetic toner particles. The magnetic toner is also provided with good developing performance and high transferability by satisfying a weight-average particle size (D4) of 3-10 mum, an average circularity of at least 0.970, and a magnetization of 10-50 Am2 / kg (emu / g) at a magnetic field of 79.6 kA / m (1000 oersted). The magnetic toner is further characterized in that the magnetic toner particles retain carbon in an amount of A and iron in an amount of B at surfaces thereof as measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, satisfying: B / A<0.001, and the magnetic toner contains at least 50% by number of magnetic toner particles satisfying a relationship of D / C<=0.02, wherein C represents a projection area-equivalent circle diameter of each magnetic toner particle, and D represents a minimum distance between a surface of the magnetic toner particle and iron oxide particles contained in the magnetic toner particle.

The invention provides a device for injecting pulverized coal into an oil layer and an ignition method for in-situ oil combustion and belongs to the field of exploitation through in-situ oil combustion. The device for injecting the pulverized coal into the oil layer comprises an oil pipe arranged in an injection well or a production well, a pulverized coal spray-blowing system arranged on the ground and an injection pipeline, wherein the pulverized coal spray-blowing system is provided with a pulverized coal input port and a spray-blowing port, the spray-blowing port sprays out the pulverized coal, the injection pipeline is connected between the oil pipe and the spray-blowing port of the pulverized coal spray-blowing system, and the pulverized coal sprayed out of the spray-blowing port is delivered to the oil pipe. The device can improve the ignition effect for in-situ oil combustion and can also improve the development effect of the in-situ oil combustion.

The invention provides a hypotonic gas deposit horizontal well staged fracturing measure decision making method and belongs to the field of oil-gas field development. The method includes collecting fractured layer electric performance, physical performance, oil-gas possibility parameter, post-fracturing daily gas production quantity and opening flow capacity, applying mathematical statistics and the fuzzy mathematic theory, quantizing various parameters affecting fracture effect, calculating layer selection coefficient and conducting relevant analysis on layer selection coefficient and fracture effect to determine layer selection coefficient threshold that the fracture effective output corresponds to. When evaluation is conducted on the fracturing horizontal well section by section, fracturing is conducted on the well sections with layer selection coefficient reaching the threshold and is not conducted on the well sections with the layer selection coefficient not reaching the threshold. The method changes empirical performance and randomness of fracturing well section measure decision making of a horizontal well, improves accuracy and measure efficiency of horizontal well section fracturing measure decision making and hypotonic gas deposition development effect.

The invention discloses heavy oil thermal recovery method using foamed gel to inhibit bottom water coning and belongs to the technical field of oilfield exploitation and oilfield chemistry. The method includes the steps of firstly, injecting nitrogen into a producing well to form a front nitrogen slug when the period comprehensive water content of the producing well is larger than 90%; secondly, injecting a mixed system of nitrogen and a foamed gel solution to form a nitrogen-foamed gel main slug; thirdly, injecting nitrogen into the producing well to form a replacing nitrogen slug; fourthly, injecting steam, wherein the front nitrogen slug can push water of a shaft and a stratum in an area near the well to an oil layer and balance stratum pressure, the nitrogen-foamed gel main slug can effectively inhibit bottom water invasion, and the replacing nitrogen slug can replace a foamed gel blocking agent in a screen pipe and an area in near the shaft to prevent the blocking agent from solidifying near the shaft and blocking a steam injecting pipeline and an oil extraction pipeline. By the method, bottom water coning speed can be reduced, steam wave coefficient and utilization rate can be increased, and oil reservoir exploitation effect can be improved.

The present invention discloses a service model configuration system and method based on a mobile application. The service model configuration system and method are used for encapsulating common controls and developing universal interfaces, and can reduce cumbersome work of a developer on the front-end page, so that a designer is enabled to focus on service logic control, thereby truly realizing value of a mobile APP to enterprise informatization. The configuration method comprises: setting steps, and encapsulating basic controls of multiple process operations; developing universal upload and download interfaces of service data; self-defining a form according to requirements of a customer; collecting data to establish a database, and storing data in a manner of key-value pairs, and a system assigning the key-value pairs a unique attribute to identify a source of the data in the database; according to the requirements of the customer, performing service logic control setting; and calling the universal interface and the encapsulated basic controls to perform data exchange between a client and a server.

The invention provides a thixotropic chemical sealing channeling agent. The sealing channeling agent comprises the following raw materials: 40 to 55 weight parts of iron rich low-carbon sulfur aluminate, 0.2 to 5.0 weight parts of sodium-based bentonite, 0.5 to 2.0 weight parts of fluid loss agent, 0.2 to 5.0 weight parts of white carbon black, 0.5 to 4.0 weight parts of cyclodextrin and / or starch and 30 to 50 weight parts of water. The chemical sealing channeling agent has the characteristics of strong adhesion and thermal stability, good durability, prominent cracking resistance and the like; the linear expansion rate reaches over 0.2 percent, the compressive strength reaches over 30MPa, and the shearing strength reaches over 10MPa; and by adding dispersant, fluid loss agent and thixotropic regulator, the sealing channeling agent has high thixotropic property and loss resistance.

The invention provides a method for improving the developing performance of an intravascular stent and an intravascular stent with improved developing performance, and particularly provides an intracranial vessel stent. According to the invention, at least one layer of wire (2) made of a developing material is integrally wound on a stent wave rod (1) of the stent. By adopting the stent, accurate positioning under medical image equipment during and after surgery can be ensured, and the wound developing rod (2) is positioned at an unstressed or hardly-stressed position on the stent without influencing the expansion and stress distribution of the stent, so that the service life of the stent is not shortened, and the expected application effect of the stent is not influenced.

The invention provides a method for acquiring a maximum seepage flow resistance gradient of an oil-water two-phase flow of a compact low-permeability oil reservoir. The method comprises the steps of: step 1, measuring a steady-state pressure gradient-flow relationship, and drawing curves of a relationship between an oil displacement pressure gradient and a relationship between a water displacement pressure gradient and the flow separately; step 2, fitting the experimental curves to obtain respective non-linear seepage flow parameters of oil and water phases; step 3, calculating a water saturation numerical value corresponding to the maximum seepage flow resistance gradient by utilizing the obtained non-linear seepage flow parameters of the oil and water phases; step 4, and calculating a seepage flow resistance gradient of a core by using the water saturation numerical value corresponding to the maximum seepage flow resistance gradient. The method for acquiring the maximum seepage flow resistance gradient of the oil-water two-phase flow of the compact low-permeability oil reservoir can quantitatively characterize the maximum seepage flow resistance in water-flooding exploitation of the low-permeability oil reservoir, and lays a foundation for the rational and effective exploitation of the low-permeability oil reservoir.

The invention relates to a quantitative evaluation method for a contribution rate of fractures and a matrix to single well yield of a super-low permeability reservoir. The method comprises the steps of step 1, establishing a reservoir matrix geologic model; step 2, establishing a reservoir fracture geologic model; step 3, combining the reservoir matrix geologic model with the reservoir fracture geologic model through geologic modeling software comprising matrix and fracture modules, and establishing a preliminary reservoir geologic model considering a natural fracture; step 4, performing analog computation of an influence of the matrix on single well yield; step 5, performing analog computation of an influence of the matrix and an artificial fracture on the single well yield; step 6, performing analog computation of an influence of the matrix, the artificial fracture and the natural fracture on the single well yield; and step 7, performing quantitative evaluation on the contribution rate of the fractures and the matrix to the single well yield. According to the method, the contribution degree of the fractures and the matrix to the single well yield of the super-low permeability reservoir is given out and the advantages of seepage capabilities of the matrix and the fractures are pointedly exerted, so that the method plays a vital role in improving development effects.

Provided is anon-magnetic toner including toner particles each containing at least a binder resin, a colorant, and a wax component, and an inorganic fine powder, in which: (1) when a temperature in a temperature range of 50 to 80° C. at which a loss tangent (tan δ) shows a maximum is represented by T1, a storage elastic modulus of the toner at the temperature T1 (G′(T1)) satisfies a relationship of 5.00×107≦G′(T1)≦1.00×109 (dN / m2); (2) a continuous temperature range with a width of 15° C. or more in which the loss tangent (tan δ) is 0.80 to 2.00 is present in the temperature range of 50 to 80° C.; and (3) the loss tangent (tan δ) is 1.00 or more in a temperature range of 120 to 160° C.

An electrophotographic image forming apparatus of the present invention frees images from various defects including the thinning of horizontal lines, the omission of the trailing edge of an image, background contamination, granularity particular to a halftone image, carrier scattering, and image noise. Further, the apparatus of the present invention solves problems ascribable to patches used to sense image density. Moreover, the apparatus of the present invention faithfully reproduces tonality and has a high developing ability.