The invention discloses a two-wheel supercharged turbine cooler driven by an aerodynamic pressure bearing. The gas enters the supercharged turbine from the inlet of the compressor, and after entering the turbine, the gas enters the bearing sleeve through the bearing air-inducing pipe as a conduit to push the rotor. Rotating, the rotor is suspended on the air film by the aerodynamic pressure effect in the bearing. The moment the gas enters the compressor, part of the gas enters the nozzle opening on the turbine volute through the bypass valve, which assists in pushing the rotor to float quickly. After the rotor floats, the bypass valve will be automatically closed because the turbine inlet pressure is higher than the compressor inlet pressure. The invention adopts aerodynamic pressure bearing transmission, high speed, high efficiency, and long life. Compared with conventional aviation turbines, it does not require maintenance guarantees in the life cycle, and is especially suitable for air conditioning and refrigeration of aircraft, helicopter environmental control systems, and pod environmental control systems. .