159results about How to "Eliminates or" patented technology

Methods and systems for creating a measurement model based on measured training data are presented. The trained measurement model is used to calculate process parameter values, structure parameter values, or both, directly from measured data collected from other wafers. The measurement models receive measurement data directly as input and provide process parameter values, structure parameter values, or both, as output. The measurement model enables the direct measurement of process parameters. Measurement data from multiple targets is collected for model building, training, and measurement. In some examples, the use of measurement data associated with multiple targets eliminates, or significantly reduces, the effect of under layers in the measurement result, and enables more accurate measurements. Measurement data collected for model building, training, and measurement, may be derived from measurements performed by a combination of multiple, different measurement techniques.

Methods and systems for performing semiconductor metrology directly on device structures are presented. A measurement model is created based on measured training data collected from at least one device structure. The trained measurement model is used to calculate process parameter values, structure parameter values, or both, directly from measurement data collected from device structures of other wafers. In some examples, measurement data from multiple targets is collected for model building, training, and measurement. In some examples, the use of measurement data associated with multiple targets eliminates, or significantly reduces, the effect of under layers in the measurement result, and enables more accurate measurements. Measurement data collected for model building, training, and measurement may be derived from measurements performed by a combination of multiple, different measurement techniques.

An arteriovenous graft system is described. The arteriovenous graft system includes an arteriovenous graft that is well suited for use during hemodialysis. In order to minimize or prevent arterial steal, at least one valve device is positioned at the arterial end of the arteriovenous graft. In one embodiment, for instance, the arteriovenous graft system includes a first valve device positioned at the arterial end and a second valve device positioned at the venous end. In one embodiment, the valve devices may include an inflatable balloon that, when inflated, constricts and closes off the arteriovenous graft. By minimizing or preventing arterial steal, other complications associated with arteriovenous grafts are also avoided. For instance, the present invention is also well suited to preventing arteriovenous graft thrombosis, eliminating dialysis needle hole bleeding, and eliminating or minimizing arteriovenous graft pseudoaneurism formation.

A non-hybrid pyrotechnic filterless inflator, i.e., gas generator, for an automotive passive restraint air bag having a generally discoidally-shaped pressure vessel having a diameter that preferably is greater than or about equal to its height formed of a cup-shaped closure cap and a base member and having at least one exhaust nozzle for directing gaseous products out of the inflator and into the air bag. The pressure vessel contains two separated and independently initiated initiator assemblies. By initiating either one or both initiator assemblies, the inflator can generate a modulated gas output between a first minimum output level and a second maximum output level in response to passenger and driver conditions.

A mouth seal assembly for use with a nasal mask system includes a mouth seal adapted to form a seal with the patient's mouth. The mouth seal is substantially independent from a supply of pressurized air from the nasal mask system. An anti-asphyxia valve may be provided to either the mouth seal over the patient's lips or the nasal mask system. A strap arrangement may support the mouth seal in a desired position on the patient's face in use.

The present invention is directed to devices, systems and methods for removing undesirable materials from a sample fluid by contact with a second fluid. The sample fluid flows as a thin layer adjacent to, or between, concurrently flowing layers of the second fluid, without an intervening membrane. In various embodiments, a secondary separator is used to restrict the removal of desirable substances and effect the removal of undesirable substances from blood. The invention is useful in a variety of situations where a sample fluid is to be purified via a diffusion mechanism against an extractor fluid. Moreover, the invention may be used for the removal of components from a sample fluid that vary in size. When blood is the sample fluid, for example, this may include the removal of ‘small’ molecules, ‘middle’ molecules, macromolecules, macromolecular aggregates, and cells, from the blood sample to the extractor fluid.

The present invention is directed to devices, systems and methods for removing undesirable materials from a sample fluid by contact with a second fluid. The sample fluid flows as a thin layer adjacent to, or between, concurrently flowing layers of the second fluid, without an intervening membrane. In various embodiments, a secondary separator is used to restrict the removal of desirable substances and effect the removal of undesirable substances from blood. The invention is useful in a variety of situations where a sample fluid is to be purified via a diffusion mechanism against an extractor fluid. Moreover, the invention may be used for the removal of components from a sample fluid that vary in size. When blood is the sample fluid, for example, this may include the removal of ‘small’ molecules, ‘middle’ molecules, macromolecules, macromolecular aggregates, and cells, from the blood sample to the extractor fluid.

An assistive listening device cap attaches to a headpiece of a cochlear implant behind-the-ear (BTE) unit, an other BTE unit, an earhook, or an external component unit to supplement or replace components thereof. The cap may receive signals from sources outside the BTE unit(s), earhook, and / or external component unit. The cap communicates with the BTE unit(s), earhook, and / or external component unit using direct, wired, or wireless technology.

A bicycle chainwheel assembly that includes at least one smaller chainwheel and at least one larger chainwheel, the chainwheels engageable by a chain. The larger chainwheel includes a first tooth and a second tooth disposed adjacent the first tooth opposite a drive rotation direction. The first tooth and the second tooth have a configuration that improves the shifting of a chain from a smaller chainwheel to the larger chainwheel. The first tooth has a lateral recess and the second tooth has a deflection chamfer. The second tooth may also have a recess. The first and second teeth have a configuration that prevents the first and second teeth from capturing the chain. An inner link plate of the chain includes a chamfer disposed on an outer side surface in a central region of the plate.

A method of generating a stream comprising synchronized interactive content is described. The method comprises the steps of: transmitting a first stream from a studio to a terminal or a terminal system of a first user and to a buffer; transmitting in response to the first stream a second stream to a mixer connected to the buffer, the second stream comprising content generated in reaction to the content of the first stream; providing the mixer with a temporal relation between the packets in the first and second stream; generating a first output stream comprising a substantially synchronized content by mixing packets in second stream with packets of the buffered first stream on the basis of the temporal relation.

An antenna measurement range and a method of calibrating same is proposed which at least substantially reduces the effects of echoing or multi path. The method of calibrating the range comprises the steps of: generating and radiating a training signal; receiving the radiated training signal and comparing the received signal with the expected signal; determining a set of equaliser coefficients to be used in these circumstances to eliminate or minimise the error between the expected training signal and the received signal; and storing the set of equalisation coefficients and associating them with the rotational or translational position of the antenna under test so that the coefficients can be applied to subsequent radiation pattern measurements. In one embodiment, the measurement nodes are dispersed in a three dimensional array about the antenna under test and a set of coefficients arrived at for each node to be applied to the subsequent radiation pattern measurements.

A cover system is provided for waste sites and environmental closures, in which the cover system comprises a synthetic grass and an impermeable geomembrane that can be applied without the use of heavy earthwork equipment as temporary or final cover to control odors, erosion, gas migration and contaminate migration. The invention allows installation on very steep slopes and does not require the use of an extensive anchoring system to resist wind uplift or slope failure.

Embodiments of the present invention provide an abstraction for the representation of a network device's configuration and management data that is not tied to a particular protocol or network device implementation but is, instead, an original, general format used as source for producing multiple, alternate and / or equivalent representations that exist and occur simultaneously within a system of network devices. Other embodiments of the invention utilize XML abstraction as the input to a system of software code generators that can produce application programming interfaces used to communicate and manage network devices that support specific management protocols and representations. Another embodiment of the invention is the result of generalizing an existing, but specific, representation of a network device's configuration and management data so that the newly-generalized format can be repurposed and provide alternate, additional but equivalent representations of the original, specific network device configuration and management information.

A lifting foil for an aircraft, a hydrofoil or the like having a pair of courses or wings. Vortex losses due to spanwise fluid flow are substantially reduced by joining the tips of the courses with flow guides configured for jointly terminating the undesired flows. Termination is effected by providing the flow guides with crossections cambered for reducing the dynamic pressure of fluid flowing in a spanwise direction across flow guide surfaces.

A snag-free or safety instrument, such as a wristwatch, having substantially smooth and flowing contours and being free of stems and protrusions eliminates or greatly reduces the potential of state of the art wristwatches to scratch, puncture or tear the skin of persons other than the wearer whom the watch may contact, when worn in normal use and in situations involving possible close contacts as in care giving and sports activities.

An optical article and method of making the same are provided. The optical article has optical multi-aperture operation. The optical article has one or more electrically conductive and selectively passivated patterns.

A particle sensor operates in ambient air at an ambient air temperature and includes (a) a light source projecting a beam of light, (b) a light trap aligned with the beam of light and comprising at least one light-energy-absorbing surface at a surface temperature, (c) a nozzle flowing particle-entraining air through the beam of light, and (d) an opto-electrical system detecting light scattered by a particle. In the improvement, the sensor includes a cooling apparatus in heat transfer relationship to the surface and absorbing heat from such surface. The surface temperature is maintained at or below a value which substantially eliminates thermally-induced electro-optical disturbances in the sensor. A new method for reducing electrical noise detected by an opto-electrical system in the particle sensor includes providing a cooling apparatus in heat transfer relationship to the surface and transferring heat from the surface to the cooling apparatus at a rate which limits the surface temperature to a value which substantially eliminates thermally-induced electro-optical disturbances in the sensor.

A current transformer assembly includes a current transformer and an insulation cup. The current transformer has a core and a first coil in a flux inducing relationship with the core. The core includes an opening defining a void configured to receive at least a second coil. The insulation cup includes a first part and a second part, the first part configured to mechanically couple to the second part such that the first part and the second part substantially encapsulate the current transformer. An interior portion of the insulation cup is disposed between the core and void.

The present invention relates to a medical device comprising a base member (2), a container (20) comprising a container interior (28) adapted to accommodate a substance, and a container closure (23) for fluidly sealing the container interior, and fluid connection means (50) for establishing fluid connection to the container interior. A cover (4) removably mountable on a cover receiving portion (36) is operatively coupled with the fluid connection means (50) to cause a relative motion between the fluid connection means (50) and the container closure (23) in response to a relative motion between the cover (4) and the base member (2). The medical device further comprises a cover engagement mechanism (9, 37, 46, 49) configured to prevent movement of the cover in a dismounting direction relative to the cover receiving portion when the cover and the base member are in a first relative position in which the fluid connection means (50) and the container interior (28) are fluidly separated and to allow movement of the cover (4) in a dismounting direction relative to the cover receiving portion (36) when the cover and the base member are in a second relative position in which the fluid connection means and the container interior are fluidly connected.

A cover system is provided for waste sites and environmental closures, in which the cover system comprises a synthetic grass and an impermeable geomembrane that can be applied without the use of heavy earthwork equipment as temporary or final cover to control odors, erosion, gas migration and contaminate migration. The invention allows installation on very steep slopes and does not require the use of an extensive anchoring system to resist wind uplift or slope failure.

A bicycle chainwheel assembly that includes at least one smaller chainwheel and at least one larger chainwheel, the chainwheels engageable by a chain. The larger chainwheel includes a first tooth and a second tooth disposed adjacent the first tooth opposite a drive rotation direction. The first tooth and the second tooth have a configuration that improves the shifting of a chain from a smaller chainwheel to the larger chainwheel. The first tooth has a lateral recess and the second tooth has a deflection chamfer. The second tooth may also have a recess. The first and second teeth have a configuration that prevents the first and second teeth from capturing the chain. An inner link plate of the chain includes a chamfer disposed on an outer side surface in a central region of the plate.

An assistive listening device cap attaches to a headpiece of a cochlear implant behind-the-ear (BTE) unit, an other BTE unit, an earhook, or an external component unit to supplement or replace components thereof. The cap may receive signals from sources outside the BTE unit(s), earhook, and / or external component unit. The cap communicates with the BTE unit(s), earhook, and / or external component unit using direct, wired, or wireless technology.

An EMI collar is provided that is configured to be secured about a housing of a pluggable optical transceiver module. The configuration of the EMI collar and the method by which the collar is attached to the housing of the transceiver module ensures that the collar will not be damaged when the transceiver module housing is inserted into a cage. Ensuring that the collar will not be damaged during insertion ensures that electrically conductive contact points on the collar will not be eliminated by insertion of the housing into a cage. In addition, dimples, or indentations, formed on the spring fingers of the EMI collar result in additional electrically conductive contact points on the fingers that result in a reduction in the size of the maximum EMI aperture dimension of the collar. Reducing the maximum EMI aperture dimension of the collar greatly improves the ability of the collar to attenuate EMI signals, even EMI signals having high frequencies.

The present invention is directed to devices, systems and methods for removing undesirable materials from a sample fluid by contact with a second fluid. The sample fluid flows as a thin layer adjacent to, or between, concurrently flowing layers of the second fluid, without an intervening membrane. In various embodiments, a secondary separator is used to restrict the removal of desirable substances and effect the removal of undesirable substances from blood. The invention is useful in a variety of situations where a sample fluid is to be purified via a diffusion mechanism against an extractor fluid. Moreover, the invention may be used for the removal of components from a sample fluid that vary in size. When blood is the sample fluid, for example, this may include the removal of ‘small’ molecules, ‘middle’ molecules, macromolecules, macromolecular aggregates, and cells, from the blood sample to the extractor fluid.

Systems and methods for mixing and dispensing an aqueous urea solution at the point of delivery to diesel powered vehicles. A stand alone terminal or modular unit that mixes and dispenses the dilute solution on an as-needed batch basis. Each delivery terminal includes a dry or concentrated liquid urea reservoir, and a metering urea dispenser, along with a parallel demineralized water reservoir and a metering water dispenser. The demineralized water may be provided directly from an external source or the system may include a demineralizing component. The metered dispensing of the urea and the water into a mixing tank to produce the aqueous urea solution (AUS) is controlled through an electronic control system. From the mixing tank the system directs the solution through a sediment filtration system before retaining the mixed and filtered solution in a terminal holding and dispensing tank.

A ceiling-only dry sprinkler system configured to address a storage occupancy fire event with a sprinkler operational area sufficient in size to surround and drown the fire. The system and method preferably provide for the surround and effect by activating one or more initial sprinklers, delaying fluid flow to the initial activated sprinklers for a defined delay period to permit the thermal activation of a subsequent one or more sprinklers so as to form the preferred sprinkler operational area. The sprinklers of the operational area are preferably configured so as to provide sufficient fluid volume and cooling to address the fire-event with a surround and drown configuration. The defined delay period is of a defined period having a maximum and a minimum. The preferred sprinkler system is adapted for fire protection of storage commodities and provides a ceiling only system that eliminates or otherwise minimizes the economic disadvantages and design penalties of current dry sprinkler system design.

An arteriovenous graft system is described. The arteriovenous graft system includes an arteriovenous graft that is well suited for use during hemodialysis. In order to minimize or prevent arterial steal, at least one valve device is positioned at the arterial end of the arteriovenous graft. In one embodiment, for instance, the arteriovenous graft system includes a first valve device positioned at the arterial end and a second valve device positioned at the venous end. In one embodiment, the valve devices may include an inflatable balloon that, when inflated, constricts and closes off the arteriovenous graft. By minimizing or preventing arterial steal, other complications associated with arteriovenous grafts are also avoided. For instance, the present invention is also well suited to preventing arteriovenous graft thrombosis, eliminating dialysis needle hole bleeding, and eliminating or minimizing arteriovenous graft pseudoaneurism formation.

The invention relates to a method and a system for determining the orientation of an external magnetic field by means of giant magneto-resistor (GMR) sensors. A sensor circuit is provided with two or more sub-circuits each having two GMR sensors connected in series. Three respective sensor voltages are obtained and a scaling factor is determined from differences in these voltages. An external magnetic field orientation is determined based on a scaling factor applied to the difference voltages. The inventive method enables signals from the GRM sensors to be reprocessed easily in order to compensate the temperature dependence of the signals.

A system for monitoring a pH level of a sample medium is disclosed herein as including a pH probe having a pH-sensitive electrode, a reference electrode and a temperature electrode arranged within a housing of the pH probe. The probe housing generally includes a flexible inner tube and a flexible outer tube, the inner tube being concentrically arranged within the outer tube. Preferably, a size of the probe housing minimizes the amount of trauma introduced by insertion of the pH probe into physiological tissues, muscles or fluids. The system also includes a processing means, which is coupled to the pH probe for determining the pH of the sample medium. A method of forming a pH-sensitive electrode, a method of manufacturing a pH probe, and a method for using a pH probe are also disclosed herein.