The invention discloses a dovetail joint concrete assembly type enclosing wall building which comprises side column dovetail joints, middle column dovetail joints, beam groove dovetail joints and beam groove anchoring inserting tenons, first mortises perpendicular to each other in direction are formed in the tops of the side column dovetail joints, first supporting plates are connected to the outer walls, provided with the first mortises, of the side column dovetail joints, and second supporting plates are connected to the outer walls, provided with the first mortises, of the beam groove anchoring inserting tenons. First limiting plates are further arranged at the upper ends and the lower ends of the outer walls, provided with the first mortises, of the side column dovetail joints. The dovetail joint type concrete fabricated building is created, the use of steel members and bolts is basically avoided, the building time of the building can be shortened, the building can be recycled for multiple times, the application range is wide, the building can be used for multi-story buildings, small conference exhibition halls, roof sunlight room extension, villa enclosing walls, vegetable greenhouses and the like, the manufacturing cost is low, transportation is convenient and fast, and popularization is easy. And the basic thermal insulation performance is the same as that of a brick-concrete structure house and a concrete structure house, and is far higher than other existing temporary buildings in the market, such as containers, temporary rock wool board rooms and the like.