The invention provides a dust removal device which comprises a base, a draught fan support, a draught fan, a dust removal structure, a dust brushing structure, a rotating seal cap and a motor. The base is suitable for being fixedly arranged; the draught fan support is fixedly arranged on the base; the draught fan is fixedly installed on the draught fan support and comprises an air draft tube and fan blades installed inside the air draft tube, and the air draft tube is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet; the dust removal structure is arranged in the middle of the air draft tube and comprises a filter net and a dust collection box arranged on the side, close to the air inlet, of the filter net, and the position of the dust collection box is lower than the air draft tube; the dust brushing structure is used for brushing dust adhering to the side, facing the air inlet, of the filter net, and the dust falls into the dust collection box. According to the dust removal device, the dust removal structure is arranged in the middle of the air draft tube, the dust brushing structure is arranged, when dust removal needs to be conducted on the filter net, the dust brushing structure is started to conduct cleaning on the filter net, dust removal can be conducted without disassembling the dust removal device, the dust is easy to remove, and the labor intensity is low; the dust cannot fly around, workers cannot inhale the dust, and the health of the workers cannot be affected.