The invention discloses a high-efficiency cooling structure for a high-speed conductive slip ring. The structure comprises a ring outgoing line, a shifting fork, a bracket, an outer cover, a brush carrier plate, a ring piece, a core shaft, an air pipe, an air inlet hole, an air pipe joint, a brush outgoing line, an air inlet hole, a brush wire, an air outlet hole, a plug and a movable sealing ring. The core shaft, the ring piece fixed on the core shaft, the shifting fork and the ring outgoing line form a rotor part; the brush wire is fixed on the brush carrier plate, the brush carrier plate isfixed on the bracket through a bolt, and the outer cover and the bracket are assembled to form a stator part; the air inlet hole and the air outlet hole are formed in the same end of the bracket, andone ends of the two air pipes are connected with the symmetrical air inlet holes in the sliding ring, and the other ends are plugged by plugs and extend into the sliding ring; and outside the slip ring, the air pipe joint is connected with the air inlet, and the rotor part and the stator part rotate relatively through a bearing. The structure can greatly improve the cooling efficiency, and solvesthe problem that the heat exchange efficiency of a cooling medium and a temperature rise point is low when a slip ring insulation sheet is too high or a friction point is deep.