The invention discloses a rail-wheel type semi-automatic bilateral casting machine which comprises a frame body, a travel driving unit, a casting ladle, a tilting unit, a side shifter, a counterweight unit, a controller and four tilting prevention units. The travel driving unit located at the front end of the frame body is used for driving the casting machine to travel along an H-shaped guide rail, and a seat and the controller are mounted at the rear end of the frame body; the tilting unit is used for driving the casting ladle to tilt to pour over liquid metal in the casting ladle, two sprues are arranged in the top of the casting ladle, and the casting ladle is mounted on the tilting unit through a rotating shaft of the same; the side shifter can drive the casting ladle to move laterally and can enable the counterweight unit to move backwardly synchronously; the tilting prevention units are respectively mounted on outer sides of driving wheels and driven wheels. By the arrangement, technical defects of an existing casting machine can be overcome; the rail-wheel type semi-automatic bilateral casting machine is used for batch casting situations and has functions of synchronous counterweight, safety tilting prevention, bilateral casting and the like, and has the advantages of accurate positioning, reliable operation, convenience in operation and maintenance and the like.