543results about "Ion-exchange column/bed processes" patented technology

A combination of acid zirconium phosphate and alkaline hydrous zirconium oxide are utilized as ion-exchange materials, for example, in sorbent dialysis. The combination provides for dialysate regeneration while maintaining constant and controlled levels of Na+, HCO3−, and pH.

A water treatment system provides treated or softened water to a point of use by removing a portion of any hardness-causing species contained in water from a point of entry coming from a water source, such as municipal water, well water, brackish water and water containing foulants. The water treatment system typically treats the water containing at least some undesirable species before delivering the treated water to a point of use. The water treatment system has a reservoir system in line with an electrochemical device such as an electrodeionization device. The water treatment system has a sensor or a set of sensors for measuring at least one property of the water or an operating condition of the treatment system. The water treatment system also has a controller for adjusting or regulating at least one operating parameter of the treatment system or a component of the water treatment system to optimize the operation and performance of the system or components of the system to supply water tailored to quality requirements.

The invention is directed to purification of liquids, such as drinking water using filters, wherein filtration is effected while the liquid flows upwardly. The invention includes both the method and a device enabling the method to be carried out. The device is constructed to intake impure liquid at the bottom of the filter and initially to effect flow by filling liquid to above the filter outlet near the top, and maintaining flow thereafter by virtue of the presence of a low internal pressure that develops as the liquid passes through the system.

A water treatment system provides treated or softened water to a point of use by removing a portion of any hardness-causing species contained in water from a point-of-entry coming from a water source, such as municipal water, well water, brackish water and water containing foulants. The water treatment system typically treats the water containing at least some undesirable species before delivering the treated water to a point of use. The water treatment system has a controller for adjusting or regulating at least one operating parameter of the treatment system or a component of the water treatment system to optimize the operation and performance of the system or components of the system. A flow regulator regulates a waste stream flow to drain and can be operated to recirculate fluid through electrode or concentrating compartments of an electrochemical device and can opened and closed intermittently according to a predetermined schedule or based on an operating parameter of the water treatment system. The flow regulator can also be charged so that ionic species can be generated in the surrounding fluid, which, in turn, can lower the pH of the surrounding fluid.

A combination of acid zirconium phosphate and alkaline hydrous zirconium oxide are utilized as ion-exchange materials, for example, in sorbent dialysis. The combination provides for dialysate regeneration while maintaining constant and controlled levels of Na+, HCO3−, and pH.

A fuel cell system includes an ion-exchange filter, which is provided with a cartridge which is filled up with an ion-exchange resin. The cartridge includes one of a pressure-loss emphasizing type cartridge and an ion-exchange efficiency emphasizing type cartridge, which are selectively exchanged with each other, for a common case of the ion-exchange filter. The ion-exchange efficiency emphasizing type cartridge is one for an ion-exchange filter having a high pressure loss and high ion-exchange efficiency and, on the other hand, the pressure-loss emphasizing type cartridge is one for an ion-exchange filter having a pressure loss lower than that of the former ion-exchange filter and an ion-exchange efficiency lower than that of the former ion-exchange filter.

A novel deionization filter for removing ions from a coolant in an electric fuel cell vehicle cooling system is disclosed. The deionization filter includes a filter housing having a coolant inlet port, through which the coolant enters the filter housing; and a coolant outlet port, through which the coolant exits the filter housing. An ion exchange bed having positively-charged and negatively-charged ion exchange resin beads is provided in the filter housing for removing negative and positive ions, respectively, from the coolant. At least one filter assembly is typically provided in the filter housing for filtering particles from the coolant.

The present disclosure generally relates to methods, systems, and devices for electrically purifying liquids containing species such as minerals, salts, ions, organics, and the like. One aspect of the invention provides methods of regenerating media within an electrical purification device, for example, exposing the media to one or more eluting solutions, and / or selectively desorbing ions, organics, and / or other species from the media by exposing the media to certain eluting conditions. In yet another aspect, methods of selectively removing one or more ions, organics, and / or other species from a liquid to be purified are provided, e.g., by selective removal of one or more ions, or organics, and the like from solution that can easily precipitate, and / or cause scaling or fouling to occur. In still another aspect, the invention provides a method of treating a solution containing ions, organics, and / or other species using an electrical purification apparatus in a continuous or semi-continuous fashion, while also performing regeneration of media contained within the apparatus.

A process for the reclamation of spent aqueous alkanolamine solutions by contacting a spent aqueous alkanolamine solution with a strong base ion exchange resin for time sufficient to sorb from the aqueous alkanolamine solution at least a portion of the accumulated ions and after a high concentration of ions accumulate on the resin, regenerating the strong base ion exchange resin by: a) purging the resin with water or nitrogen, b) contacting the strong base ion exchange resin with a sodium chloride solution for a time sufficient to remove the ions, c) purging the resin to remove the sodium chloride solution, d) contacting the resin with an alkali metal hydroxide solution, preferably sodium hydroxide, for a time sufficient to convert the resin to a substantially hydroxide form; and e) purging the resin, wherein the ion sorption capacity of the resin is maintained at a substantially constant value.

The present invention is a treatment method for naphthalene dye intermediate H-acid production wastewater. After H-acid pretreatment wastewater is preprocessed, organic compounds such as, 1-amido-8- naphthol-3, 6-disulfonic acid (H-acid) and intermediate products, are adsorbed on the resin through alkalescence macroporous adsorption resin; the adsorbed water is added with lye for desorption regeneration and the regenerated liquid will be back into the previous production process for application. The CODcr of the treated wastewater can be effectively reduced to reach the national emission standards; the reclaimed H-acid sodium salt can be used. The resin can be desorbed and regenerated through lye for repeated use. The desorbed liquid is distilled and reclaimed, and the distilled effluent can be used repeatedly. The H-acid sodium salt and the intermediate products reclaimed through the invention can be used as raw materials for the original production process; therefore, the invention not only helps treating wastewater but also realizes waste resource utilization.

The present invention relates to a spraying device suitable for spraying cleaning compositions and rinse water onto hard surfaces. More particularly the spraying device may be attached to a hose, for example a conventional garden hose, so that the cleaning composition and rinse water can be applied to outside surfaces, such as vehicles or the outside surface of windows. The spraying device comprises a purifier located inside the cavity of a container and a spray head.

A process is provided for separating, concentrating and recovery of boron compound from aqueous solution containing boron, strongly dissociated anions and some cations. The process specifically integrates electrodialysis with ion exchange to selectively separate boron from aqueous solution that contains a wide concentration range of boron, strongly ionised anions such as chloride, nitrate and sulfate, and cations like lithium. The process is adapted for controlling boron concentration in an industrial process, for the recovery or purification of boron and some cations like lithium form aqueous solutions, and for wastewater treatment.

An endotoxin adsorption system of the present invention comprises a combination of a cation exchange resin having sodium as a counter ion and a cation exchange resin having sodium and one or more metal ions other than sodium as a counter ion, and adsorbs an endotoxin without decreasing of the concentration of cations.

An electrodeionization, (EDI) apparatus has flow cells with a sparse distribution of ion exchange (IX) material or beads. The beads extend between membranes defining opposed walls of the cell to separate and support the membranes, and form a layer substantially free of bead-to-bead dead-end reverse junctions. The beads enhance capture of ions from surrounding fluid in dilute cells, and do not throw salt when operating current is increased. In concentrating cells, the sparse bead filling provides a stable low impedance bridge to enhanced power utilization in the stack. A monotype sparse filling may be used in concentrate cells, while mixed, layered, striped, graded or other beads may be employed in dilute cells. Ion conduction paths are no more than a few grains long and the lower packing density permits effective fluid flow. A flow cell thickness may be below one millimeter, and the beads may be discretely spaced, form a mixed or patterned monolayer, or form an ordered bilayer, and a mesh having a lattice spacing comparable to or of the same order of magnitude as resin grain size, may provide a distributed open support that assures a stable distribution of the sparse filling, and over time maintains the initial balance of uniform conductivity and good through-flow. The cells or low thickness and this resin layers relax stack size and power supply constraints, while providing treatment efficiencies and process stability. Reduced ion migration distances enhance the ion removal rate without reducing the product flow rate. The sparse resin bed may be layered, graded along the length of the path, striped or otherwise patterned. Inter-grain ion hopping is reduced or eliminated, thus avoiding the occurrence of salt-throwing which occurs at reverse bead junctions of prior art constructions. Conductivity of concentrate cells is increased, permitting more compact device construction, allowing increases in stack cell number, and providing more efficient electrical operation without ion additions. Finally, ion storage within beads is greatly reduces, eliminating the potential for contamination during reversal operation. Various methods of forming sparse beds and assembling the stacks are disclosed.

The invention relates to a system and a process for fractionating a solution into two or more fractions. The system of the invention comprises at least two compartments having a diameter of at least about one meter and including a uniform packing of a polymer-based ion exchange resin with a bead size in the range of about 50 to about 250 mum. The mixing volume of the fluid fronts in the system of the invention is not more than 5% of the volume of the compartment.

A liquid treatment process is described for sequential removal of ionic species of progressively decreasing ionic strength without precipitation or “scaling.” An aspect of the invention includes dual electrodeionization operations. The first electrodeionization operation is performed at a voltage calculated to remove strongly ionized species such as calcium and magnesium from the feed water without scaling. The product of the first electrodeionization operation is then subjected to a second electrodeionization operation. The second electrodeionization operation is performed at a voltage greater than the first electrodeionization operation, and is designed to remove more weakly ionized species such as silica and carbon dioxide, preventing scaling. More than two successive electrodeionization operations may be performed if desired. Multiple electrodeionization operations may occur in a single electrodeionization stack or in multiple electrodeionization stacks.

The present invention provides novel and improved protein purification processes which incorporate certain types of carbonaceous materials and result in effective and selective removal of certain undesirable impurities without adversely effecting the yield of the desired protein product.

A water treatment system provides treated or softened water to a point of use by removing a portion of any hardness-causing species contained in water from a point of entry coming from a water source, such as municipal water, well water, brackish water and water containing foulants. The water treatment system typically treats the water containing at least some undesirable species before delivering the treated water to a point of use. The water treatment system has a reservoir system in line with an electrochemical device such as an electrodeionization device. The water treatment system has a sensor or a set of sensors for measuring at least one property of the water or an operating condition of the treatment system. The water treatment system also has a controller for adjusting or regulating at least one operating parameter of the treatment system or a component of the water treatment system to optimize the operation and performance of the system or components of the system to supply water tailored to quality requirements.

A water treatment system provides treated or softened water to a point of use by removing a portion of any hardness-causing species contained in water from a point-of-entry coming from a water source, such as municipal water, well water, brackish water and water containing foulants. The water treatment system typically treats the water containing at least some undesirable species before delivering the treated water to a point of use. The water treatment system has a controller for adjusting or regulating at least one operating parameter of the treatment system or a component of the water treatment system to optimize the operation and performance of the system or components of the system. A flow regulator regulates a waste stream flow to drain and can be operated to recirculate fluid through electrode or concentrating compartments of an electrochemical device and can opened and closed intermittently according to a predetermined schedule or based on an operating parameter of the water treatment system. The flow regulator can also be charged so that ionic species can be generated in the surrounding fluid, which, in turn, can lower the pH of the surrounding fluid.

Articles that include two or more exchange resins in one or more microporous membranes, where the membranes remove oppositely charged impurities from a fluid in contact with the membranes, are disclosed. Methods for using such devices to remove charged impurities from fluid in contact with the membrane are provided.

The present invention pertains to a method of ion chromatography wherein a specialized electrodeionization (EDI) apparatus is used for (1) the preparation of a pure acid or pure base for use as an eluent in a chromatographic separation column and / or (2) for ion suppression (or neutralization) of the acid or base after it has been used to elute ions from a chromatographic separation column. Methods for trace ion removal, acid and base neutralization, and ion suppression using a specialized EDI apparatus are also described. The methods described herein allow for the ion suppression of samples containing chloride, nitrate, and other electrochemically active anions, without causing damage to the suppressor.

The invention discloses a method for removing heat-stable salts in amine desulphurization, aiming at solving the problem that the prior art has difficulty in treating desulphurizer with high content of sulfate radical. The method is as follows: strong base type II anion exchange resin with particle size of 0.5-1.5mm is filled in an ion exchange resin tower with height-diameter ratio of 1:1-3:1, the desulphurized amine solution with PH value less than 5.4 passes through the ion exchange resin tower at the airspeed of 30h-50h to experience purifying treatment, when the PH value of the desulphurized amine solution at the exit of the resin tower is equal to that at the entrance of the resin tower, sodium hydroxide solution is used to carry out upflow regeneration on the ion exchange resin, and the regenerated ion exchange resin is recycled. The method can solve the problems of rapid cumulative rate and large total content of the sulfate radical in reproducible wet method flue gas desulphurization system.

The invention provides a refining production method of crude glycerin. Byproducts of grease ester exchange or hydrolyzation are used as ingredients, and byproducts of biodiesel can also be used as ingredients. The method comprises the following steps: acidizing treatment, decolourization, alkali return for neutralization, concentration for salt removal, ion exchange and concentration treatment, wherein the ion exchange step comprises the substep of sequentially using cations, anions, cations, anions and zwitterions to exchange resin posts in a mixed way, the operation temperature of the resin posts is controlled between 40 and 60 DEG C, the flow rate is 15 mL / min, and finally, the pure glycerin solution is collected. The process of the invention has the advantages of simple operation condition, low temperature, little pollution and high yield, and can avoid the deterioration of the glycerin at the high temperature, the yield is higher than 97 percent, and the product purity is higher than 99.2 percent. The invention also provides a multiplex mixed type anion-cation exchange resin post combination device applicable to the method.

A method for preparing non-agglomerating mixed bed ion exchange resin systems without affecting the ion exchange kinetics of the anion exchange resin component of the mixed bed system is disclosed. Pretreatment of the anion exchange resin component with a sulfonated poly(vinylaromatic) polyelectrolyte is particularly effective in providing non-agglomerated mixed bed systems without affecting ion exchange kinetics. Treatment levels of 10 to 800 milligrams per liter of anion exchange resin with sulfonated poly(vinylaromatic) polyelectrolyte having number average molecular weight from 5,000 to 1,000,000 are particularly preferred.

An air filter sheet comprising particles of a functional agent with an average particle diameter of 0.1 to 30 μm and fibrils of a polytetrafluoroethylene resin with a number average molecular weight of 3,000,000 to 50,000,000, the ratio by weight of the functional agent to the fibrils of the polytetrafluoroethylene resin being from 1 to 99. According to the present invention, an air filter sheet comprising fibrils of polytetrafluoroethylene resin with a functional agent carried thereon, possessing excellent formability, and being free from a lubricant, a process for manufacturing the air filter sheet, and an air filter free from contamination of outgas with a lubricant are provided.