The invention discloses a rock structural surface shearing method. The rock structural surface shearing method comprises the following steps: manufacturing a test piece and heating, applying normal pressure, applying a shearing force, and acquiring and analyzing data. A device corresponding to the rock structural surface shearing method comprises a test piece system, a pressing plate system, a loading system, a data acquisition system, a roller set system and a heating system. The test piece system comprises upper and lower discs of rock blocks of a rock structure with a heating hole; the loading system is divided into normal pressure loading, left shearing force loading and right shearing force loading; the pressing plate system is composed of two 7-shaped loading plates; the roller set system comprises four groups of pressing roller sets, and is used for connecting the loading system and the pressing plate system; the heating system is used for controlling the temperature of high-quality heat-resisting silicone oil in the heating hole by utilizing a heating rod, so that the upper and lower discs of rock blocks of a rock structural surface are heated; and the data acquisition system is used for carrying out data acquisition on pressure, displacement and temperature. According to the rock structural surface shearing method, bidirectional shearing of the test piece of the rock structural surface can be realized, and researches of shearing properties of the rock structural surface under different temperatures can be realized.