Belonging to the technical field of virology and genetic engineering, the invention discloses a preparation method of a viral vaccine expressing plasmodium ovale AMA1 protein. According to the invention, a gene expressing plasmodium ovale apical membrane protein-1 is inserted into a vesicular stomatitis virus VSV genome vector to construct the recombinant virus vector skeleton plasmid XN2-AMA1, apoxvirus containing T7RNA polymerase is employed to infect the baby hamster kidney cell (BHK-21), then the plasmid XN2-AMA1 and the structural protein plasmids pN, pP, pL are utilized for cotransfection of BHK-21 cells to realize rescue of recombinant virus in cells, virus-like particles expressing AMA1 are packaged, and the recombinant virus rVSV-AMA1, i.e. the vaccine can be formed. The vaccineprovided by the invention has the advantages of simple operation, high production titer and short immune cycle, can induce strong humoral and cellular immune response, and has the great potential of clinical application.