64 results about "Expansion phase" patented technology

This system for aiding the regeneration of pollution-control means (1) that are integrated in an exhaust line (2) of an engine (3) of a motor vehicle, in which the engine is associated with means (6) for the common supply of the cylinders thereof, which means are in a form suitable for injecting fuel, during regeneration, into each cylinder in the form of at least one principal injection and at least one post-injection during the expansion phase of the cylinder, is characterized in that the supply means (6) are in a form suitable for cutting at least the principal injection of at least one of the cylinders in order to increase the oxygen content of the exhaust gases and to optimise the regeneration of the pollution-control means.

A BIM-based architectural design method comprises the following steps: I, a concept and scheme phase; II, an early expansion phase; III, a construction drawing model phase; and IV, a construction drawing output phase. The BIM technology and the architectural design process are integrated, and the design process is transformed into a process of architectural construction informationization simulation. The large amount of data generated by informationization makes the design process more refined and deeper. The communication in the design process is more convenient and intuitive. Simulation brings a variety of analysis approaches, and improves the accuracy of verification and error check. A what-you-see-is-what-you-get model generated by BIM design is intuitive. The access threshold for project participants of different professional levels is lowered. Participants' understanding of the building tends to be the same. Error caused by different understanding is reduced. The quality and efficiency of communication are improved. Material loss caused by project mistakes is reduced, and a lot of social resources are saved. The method has positive social effects.

Perlite, a volcanic glass, is used in a variety of horticultural, construction and industrial applications. In order to be put to such uses, mined perlite ore is crushed and screened to size and then expanded by being passed through a flame at high temperature. During the expansion phase, up to 50% of the perlite may be unintentionally fractured, resulting in very fine perlite material with little or no commercial application. The method and product of the present invention converts saleable expanded perlite, as well as fine perlite material (which is of such a size and quality that it is of no value to a manufacturer and is difficult to dispose of) into a relatively dust free product with numerous end applications, some of which are new uses for perlite.

Disclosed are methods for efficiently and economically designing, constructing, or operating a light hydrocarbon gas liquefaction process for the liquefaction of selected quantities of light hydrocarbon gas. The method includes a light hydrocarbon gas liquefaction launch train to liquefy an initial amount of light hydrocarbon gas and one or more optional subsequent modular expansion phases to said light hydrocarbon gas liquefaction train to liquefy additional selected quantities of light hydrocarbon gas up to a selected maximum quantity of light hydrocarbon gas for the process. The methods employ shared use facilities, such as light hydrocarbon feed gas pre-treeatment facilities, refrigerant compression facilities, cryogenic heat exchange facilities, access services, other liquefaction equipment, and liquefied product storage and shipping facilities. The use of such shared use facilities allows for subsequent expansion phases or modules to be constructed to increase overall plant capacity, which can reduce the capital costs and space needed relative to prior methods for the design, construction, or operation of a light hydrocarbon liquefaction process which call for construction of a complete liquefaction train and all of its associated components and related equipment.

An internal combustion engine has a first work extraction station for extracting work from combustion and expansion of working gases. An emission treatment station treats the working gases after leaving the first extraction work station for reducing emissions. A second work extraction station receives the working gases from the emission treatment station for a second extraction of work from the working gases.

The invention relates to the technology of communication, in particular to a method, device and system for controlling beam forming. The method, device and system for controlling the beam forming are used for achieving flexible control over the beam forming. According to the system, expansion phase-shifting control devices are additionally arranged between all sets of power amplifiers and antenna array elements, further phase-shifting control over all paths of radio-frequency signals (namely, data to be transmitted) is added, and the accuracy of the phase control is improved by adopting a phase expansion method. Therefore, an expansion phase-shifting control framework is established, the defect that simulative beam forming is low in phase accuracy is overcome, fine granular and more accurate phase control can be further achieved on output signals of a certain path passing through a coarse granularity phase shifter and a power amplifier by combining the antenna array elements, and thus the control over the radio-frequency signals and the control over the beam forming can be achieved at high accuracy.

The invention provides a method for improving temperature gradient in a high-temperature tension sample of a heat expansion phase change instrument. The method is characterized in that one of following methods is improved in the tension test process: a clamp is prepared from austenitic stainless steel to replace the existing clamp to test; or, a U-shaped heat isolation sleeve and a fixed screw heat isolation ring are arranged at the contact part of the sample clamping end and the clamp to completely isolate the clamp, the fixed screw and the tension sample through the U-shaped heat insulation sleeve and the fixed screw heat isolation ring, and the clamp is prepared from austenitic stainless steel to replace the existing clamp to test. The method has the advantages that the austenitic stainless steel is used as the clamp preparation material and the ceramic fiber sheet is used as the heat isolation sleeve and the heat isolation sleeve, so that the heat radiation and heat conduction of high-temperature objects and low-temperature objects are effectively inhibited; the operation is easy, the detachment and installation of the sample are convenient, and the material stability is guaranteed.

The invention discloses an organic Rankine cycle generating device using residual heat generated during the CAES process. The organic Rankine cycle generating device can effectively use exhaust cold energy of an adiabatic compressed air expander and residual compression heat energy of a compressor. The organic Rankine cycle generating device comprises an exhaust cold energy recoverer, an organic working medium pump, an organic working medium condenser, an organic working medium expander, a residual compression heat energy recoverer, a water pump, a connecting pipeline and other components. The operating time of the organic Rankine cycle generating device is the energy release and expansion phase of the CAES. The exhaust cold energy recoverer is used for recovering the exhaust cold energy of the compressed air expander. The residual compression heat energy recoverer is used for recovering the residual compression heat in a water tank. The organic Rankine cycle generating device is used for converting the recovered heat energy and the recovered cold energy into electric energy. The round trip efficiency of the CAES is improved, and besides, the circulation of cold water for cooling the cold water tank is eliminated.

The invention discloses a carbon dioxide fracturing device and a method for rock breaking by using the carbon dioxide fracturing device, and relates to the technical field of rock breaking through carbon dioxide phase-change expansion. A first air exhausting device and a second air exhausting device are arranged on a main pipe, so that air in a cavity of the main pipe overflows from the first air exhausting device and the second air exhausting device under the double action of cooling down of thermal circulation and filling pressure, and thus filling of liquid carbon dioxide and air exhausting can be conducted synchronously and completed simultaneously. According to the main technical scheme of the carbon dioxide fracturing device, the carbon dioxide fracturing device comprises a filling valve, the main pipe and an energy releasing valve, wherein the main pipe is connected with the filling valve; the main pipe comprises a cavity for containing the liquid carbon dioxide, the first air exhausting device and the second air exhausting device, the first air exhausting device is arranged on the upper portion of the main pipe and communicates with the cavity, and the second air exhausting device is arranged on the lower portion of the main pipe and communicates with the cavity; and the energy releasing valve is connected with the main pipe, and is connected with the cavity through a constant pressure shearing sheet. The carbon dioxide fracturing device and the method for rock breaking by using the carbon dioxide fracturing device are mainly used for blasting rock mass.

The invention is suitable for the optical imaging correction technology field and provides a rapid inclination phase error compensation method and an apparatus based on wavefront rotation. The methodcomprises the following steps of using coaxial digital holographic microscopic system to collect a hologram of an object to be tested and taking as an original hologram; rotating the original hologramfor 180 degrees clockwise or counterclockwise and acquiring a digital reference hologram which is taken as a rotation hologram; using a Fourier transform method in digital holographic microscopy to carry out phase recovery processing on the original hologram, and acquiring an original expansion phase diagram; using the Fourier transform method in the digital holographic microscopy to carry out phase recovery processing on the rotation hologram and acquiring a rotation expansion phase diagram; and subtracting the original expansion phase diagram from the rotation expansion phase diagram and acquiring a phase diagram after compensation for the original expansion phase diagram. By using the method of the invention, rapid and accurate inclination phase error compensation in coaxial digital holographic microscopy imaging is realized.

The invention relates to a method for carrying out the expansion of multipotent stem cells ex vivo. Moreover, the invention relates to a two-stage method for carrying out the expansion and differentiation of multipotent stem cells ex vivo, in which it is possible for the stem cells to be gene transfected during the first stage, i.e. during the expansion phase. In this phase, the differentiation of the multipotent stem cells takes place optionally in cells of the hematopoietic, endothelial or mesenchymal cell lineage. Stem and progenitor cells as well as mature cells of the hematopoietic, endothelial and mesenchymal cell lineage, which are obtained in this way, can be used, among other things, for the prophylaxis, diagnosis and therapy of human deseases and for tissue engineering.

The invention provides a virtualized container service elastic scaling method oriented to data center load monitoring. Within the cloud platform cluster, at first, the real-time load of the containerservice is obtained through the load monitor service, and according to the load and the relationship of the upper bound and the lower bound of the set threshold, whether the elastic scaling of the container service is triggered is determined, after detecting that the container load pressure exceeds the upper limit of the threshold, container service expansion is triggered. By synthetically scoringdifferent nodes in the cluster with various algorithms, the best adapter node for elastic expansion and contraction is obtained, and finally a new container is started on the adapter node to completethe container service expansion. As the load pressure of the container is detected to be low than the lower threshold limit, the container service shrinkage is triggered, and elastic expansion and contraction of the container service are completed by removing the corresponding container on the node marked in the expansion phase. The method can realize the elastic expansion of cluster inner container service on the premise of keeping the load balance of cluster resources.

The methods described allow for reducing particulate emissions from a direction injection engine during a starting phase, while also maintaining the engine start phase within a predetermined threshold. In one particular example, the methods comprise adjusting at least one of a fuel release pressure threshold and enrichment factor based on an engine condition; activating a starting device to rotate a crankshaft coupled to an engine cylinder without injecting any fuel; supplying fuel to the cylinder based on the enrichment factor only when a fuel pressure exceeds the fuel release pressure threshold; and stratifying a cylinder charge while adjusting a fuel injection within a compression phase and / or expansion phase of the engine. In this way, an amount of fuel injected may be evaporated in the combustion chamber while preventing a combustion wall wetting, which allows for reduced particulate emissions, particularly at reduced temperatures.

Perlite, a volcanic glass, is used in a variety of horticultural, construction and industrial applications. In order to be put to such uses, mined perlite ore is crushed and screened to size and then expanded by being passed through a flame at high temperature. During the expansion phase, up to 50% of the perlite may be unintentionally fractured, resulting in very fine perlite material with little or no commercial application. The method and product of the present invention converts waste perlite material, which is of such a size and quality that it is of no value to a manufacturer and is difficult to dispose of, into a relatively dust free product with numerous end applications, some of which are new uses for perlite.

The invention provides a geographic information based automatic distribution method of power distribution singlet lines in a grid. The method mainly includes: an object generation and update phase, namely generating an initial layout of a singlet line diagram, calculating spatial scale occupied by equipment and branches on the lines by adopting a bottom-up iteration calculation method and providing data support for subsequent space expansion and compression; a space expansion phase, namely moving the affected lines and equipment to enable the spatial positions of the branches and equipment are not overlapped in occupation according to spatial occupancy data of objects and branches stored in the previous phase; a space compression phase, namely reversely performing compression operation on the adjusted space through judgment of heuristic space occupancy and according to adjustment performed in the expansion phase till the spatial positions are minimized in the allowable range. Through the support of the automatic distribution method, practical initial layout of the power distribution singlet lines and incremental layout adjustment support are provided, and practical need of the power distribution singlet line diagram function is met.

The invention discloses a greenhouse cultivation method for small-size watermelons. The greenhouse cultivation method comprises the following steps of: firstly, growing seedlings in a seedling tray; planting watermelon seedlings growing to two leaves and one core to the inside of a greenhouse; and controlling water and fertilizer in the growing process of the watermelon seedlings to ensure that the watermelons are better grown and developed and fruit setting rate and fruit quality are improved. In the whole production process, water is applied by adopting a drip irrigation mode and soil at roots of plants is always kept wet, so that the demand of plants on water is met and the waste of water resources is avoided; at stem growing phase, fertilizer is applied by adopting a drip irrigation mode, so that the water and the fertilizer are simultaneously applied, more traditional work procedures of separately irrigating and applying fertilizer and pesticide are omitted, work amount is reduced, work efficiency is increased and utilization rate of the water and the fertilizer is increased; the greenhouse can play a role of an insect-proof screen, so that insect pests are reduced; and the plants are reasonably pruned at the steam growing phase, the flowering phase and the expansion phase, so that the fruit setting and the fruit quality are improved.

The invention provides a notched-bar microstructure-crack initiation method used for a chipless fine blanking. The method comprises putting a whole metal bar prefabricated with an annular "V"-shaped notch into a resistance heating furnace, setting a heating rate of the resistance heating furnace, energizing the resistance heating furnace, heating the metal bar to 300-1000 DEG C, stopping heating, insulating; moving the metal bar from the resistance heating furnace to a bar chilling device, opening power of the bar chilling device so that the metal bar rotates in the bar chilling device, adjusting a flow rate of cooling water, opening power of the cooling water, and striking with flow the heated metal bar so as to chill the metal bar to a water temperature. According to the invention, uniformly distributed multi-source microstructure crack groups can be prefabricated for the chipless fine blanking technology of the metal bars with different materials, so that dynamic cracks can be relatively quickly enter an expansion phase in a subsequent blanking process, thereby shortening a whole blanking time and improving an overall blanking efficiency.

A corpus of textual listings is received and main concept words and attribute words therein are identified via an iterative process of parsing listings and expanding a semantic model. During the parsing phase, the corpus of textual listings is parsed to tag one or more head noun words and / or one or more identifier words in each listing based on previously identified main concept words or using a head noun identification rule. Once substantially each listing in the corpus has been parsed in this manner, the expansion phase assigns head noun words as main concept words and modifier words as attribute words, where possible. During the next iteration, the newly identified main concept words and / or attribute words are used to further parse the listings. These iterations arc repeated until a termination condition is reached. Remaining words in the corpus arc clustered based on the main concept words and attribute words.

The invention relates to a method for determining an air mass mair in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine. A first filling equivalent FAcomp is determined during a compression phase of the cylinder, wherein the first filling equivalent corresponds to a first average pressure difference in a first angle range of a crank angle in the compression phase. A second filling equivalent FAexp is determined during an expansion phase of the cylinder, wherein the second filling equivalent corresponds to a second average pressure difference in a second angle range of the crank angle of the expansion phase. A differential filling equivalent FAdiff is calculated by subtracting the first filling equivalent from the second filling equivalent. The air mass in the cylinder is determined on the basis of the differential filling equivalent. The invention further relates to a corresponding control device and to a corresponding computer program for performing said method.

A method of improving the diffusion combustion of a compression ignition engine. Such engines have at least one cylinder, each cylinder having a compression chamber and operated with an intake phase, compression phase, expansion phase, and exhaust phase of a reciprocating piston. An antenna is placed within the combustion chamber, and is used to apply electromagnetic energy to the diffusion combustion.

Disclosed are methods for efficiently and economically designing, constructing, or operating a light hydrocarbon gas liquefaction process for the liquefaction of selected quantities of light hydrocarbon gas. The method includes a light hydrocarbon gas liquefaction launch train to liquefy an initial amount of light hydrocarbon gas and one or more optional subsequent modular expansion phases to said light hydrocarbon gas liquefaction train to liquefy additional selected quantities of light hydrocarbon gas up to a selected maximum quantity of light hydrocarbon gas for the process. The methods employ shared use facilities, such as light hydrocarbon feed gas pretreatment facilities, refrigerant compression facilities, cryogenic heat exchange facilities, access services, other liquefaction equipment, and liquefied product storage and shipping facilities. The use of such shared use facilities allows for subsequent expansion phases or modules to be constructed to increase overall plant capacity, which can reduce the capital costs and space needed relative to prior methods for the design, construction, or operation of a light hydrocarbon liquefaction process which call for construction of a complete liquefaction train and all of its associated components and related equipment.

The invention pertains to a device for starting an internal combustion engine for handheld equipment such as chain saws, lawn mowers, lawn trimmers and the like, or for vehicles such as mopeds, boats or miniature aircraft. The starting device features an output element into which a starter torque can be introduced when the starting device is actuated. The output element is functionally connected to a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine in order to introduce a crankshaft torque therein. The functional connection between the output element and the crankshaft introduces variable crankshaft torque into the crankshaft depending on the rotational angle of the crankshaft at a constant starter torque. This advantageously improves force or torque characteristics for largely operating the starter device independently of the compression phase and the expansion phase of the internal combustion engine.

The methods described allow for reducing particulate emissions from a direction injection engine during a starting phase, while also maintaining the engine start phase within a predetermined threshold. In one particular example, the methods comprise adjusting at least one of a fuel release pressure threshold and enrichment factor based on an engine condition; activating a starting device to rotate a crankshaft coupled to an engine cylinder without injecting any fuel; supplying fuel to the cylinder based on the enrichment factor only when a fuel pressure exceeds the fuel release pressure threshold; and stratifying a cylinder charge while adjusting a fuel injection within a compression phase and / or expansion phase of the engine. In this way, an amount of fuel injected may be evaporated in the combustion chamber while preventing a combustion wall wetting, which allows for reduced particulate emissions, particularly at reduced temperatures.

An ejection pulse DP sequentially and continuously includes an expansion phase p1 where a voltage changes so as to cause a pressure chamber to expand, an expansion hold phase p2 where a potential at an end edge of the expansion phase is maintained for a predetermined time, a contraction phase where the voltage changes so as to cause the pressure chamber to contract, and a time t1 between a start edge and the end edge of the expansion phase and a time t2 between a start edge and an end edge of the contraction phase are specified in the following range, respectively:Tc / 3≦t1≦Tc   (A)Tc / 3≦t2≦Tc   (B)

An internal combustion engine has a first work extraction station for extracting work from combustion and expansion of working gases. An emission treatment station treats the working gases after leaving the first extraction work station for reducing emissions. A second work extraction station receives the working gases from the emission treatment station for a second extraction of work from the working gases.

The present invention relates to a suspension method and to a shock-absorbing device for an automobile in the broadest sense of the term, i.e. any vehicle having a suspension and moving under its own power. Said shock-absorbing device includes a damping assembly (1) having, on the inside thereof, a piston (2) connected to a rod (17), the piston (2) and the rod (17) combined therewith being movable, in both the compression and expansion direction, about a static position inside the damping assembly (1) in order to provide a shock-absorbing function, the inside of the damping assembly (1) being filled with a hydraulic fluid, characterized in that said assembly (1) engages with a means for varying the damping effect so as to produce: a compression phase consisting of a compression sub-phase, directed from the static position toward the maximum compression position of the piston (2), and of an expansion sub-phase, directed from said maximum compression position toward the static position, respectively, and an expansion phase consisting of an expansion sub-phase, directed from the static position toward the position of maximum expansion of the piston (2), and of an expansion sub-phase, directed from said maximum position toward the static position, respectively, the means for varying the damping effect controlling the damping assembly such that the damping value of the compression sub-phase of the compression phase and / or the expansion sub-phase of the expansion phase is different from the damping value of the expansion sub-phase of the compression phase and the compression sub-phase of the expansion phase, respectively. According to the invention, provided is a step of modifying the damping value with separate values for the compression direction as well as for the expansion direction for each of the work sectors of the shock absorber depending on whether the work is being carried out between the static position of the suspension and the fully compressed position, or between the static position of the suspension and the fully expanded position.

Method and device for converting, thermal energy into kinetic energy . The device includes at least two enclosed chambers. Each enclosed chamber has an expansion chamber, a compression chamber, and a displacer. The device also includes at least one drive to move the displacers, at least one regenerator, and control units are also used. A machine is arranged between the at least two enclosed chambers. The method includes a compression phase where a medium is compressed with one displacer, a heat absorption phase where heat is absorbed in the at least one regenerator, an expansion phase where heat is supplied in an expansion chamber and guided through the machine to release effective work, and a heat dissipation phase where heat is dissipated in the at least one regenerator and returned to the compression chamber. The medium flows back and forth between the at least two enclosed chambers. Heat absorption phase occurs before the machine and heat dissipation phase occurs after the machine. This Abstract is not intended to define the invention disclosed in the specification, nor intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

A reciprocating compressor for the oil and gas industry, the reciprocating compressor has a chamber, a timing valve, an actuator and a controller. A fluid entering the chamber via a suction valve is compressed inside the chamber, and evacuated from the chamber via a discharge valve. The timing valve is located between the chamber and a fluid volume at a relief pressure that is lower than a pressure in the chamber when the timing valve is opened. The actuator is configured to actuate the timing valve. The controller is configured to control the actuator such that to open the timing valve during an expansion phase of the compression cycle, and to close the timing valve when the relief pressure becomes equal to the pressure in the chamber or when the suction valve is opened.

The invention discloses a method for preventing fruit cracking of pear trees before pickup. The method comprises the following steps: A, boron spraying in the flowering phase: spraying borax aqueous solution onto flower stalks and receptacles of the pear trees from bottom to top and inside to outside in the early blooming phase; B, CaCl2 aqueous solution spraying in the young fruit phase: after flowers fall, spraying CaCl2 aqueous solution onto the blades and young fruits of the pear trees from bottom to top and inside to outside; GA3 spraying in the fruit expansion phase: spraying GA3 aqueous solution onto the blades and fruits of the pear trees from bottom to top and inside to outside in a sunny day in the fruit expansion phase; and D, black gardening ground fabric covering: covering black gardening ground fabric on row zones of the pear trees in childbearing period, flatting the row zones of the pear trees, covering black gardening ground fabric matched with the row zones in height and width on two sides of the row zones of the pear trees in parallel, and burying the two sides of the black gardening ground fabric with soil. The method is easy to implement, simple and convenient to operate, can remarkably reduce fruit cracking of pear trees before pickup and can control the fruit cracking rate to be within 5%.