The invention provides a biological adhesive based on a biological engineering protein and a preparation method of the biological adhesive. The biological adhesive consists of an elastin-like polypeptide with positive charges and an alkyl anion surface active agent. The alkyl anionic surfactant comprises sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and / or sodium dodecyl sulfonate. According to the invention,the elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) containing a large amount of positive charges is synthesized through a recombinant protein technology, and then the side chain of the polypeptide skeleton is combined with the anionic surfactant through electrostatic acting force, so that the biomedical adhesive with high adhesive strength is prepared. The obtained product has excellent adhesive performance underdifferent conditions (dry sample, wet sample and animal epidermis), and can be used for hemostasis and wound healing. Meanwhile, the biomedical adhesive has good biocompatibility and degradability, the preparation process is simple, special equipment is not needed, cost is low, greenness and environment friendliness are achieved, and the biomedical adhesive can be developed into a new generationof biomedical glue.