The invention relates to tissue-engineered skin containing blood vessels and hair follicle structures based on 3D printing and a preparation method thereof. The tissue-engineered skin is composed of an epidermal layer, an acellular dermal scaffold and a dermis layer, wherein in the epidermal layer, epidermal stem cells are used seed cells, the seed cells are printed on the upper surface of the acellular dermal scaffold through a 3D printer after being compounded with a hydrogel carrier to differentiate and form a normal epidermal structure, in the dermis layer, mesenchymal stem cells, vascularendothelial cells, dermal papilla cells and adipose-derived stem cells are used as seed cells, the seed cells and a hydrogel carrier are compounded, through the 3D printer, gelatin slow-release micropheres compounded with cytokines are printed on the lower surface of the acellular dermal scaffold, and meanwhile, the hydrogel compound of the seed cells is printed in the gelatin slow-release micropheres to form a dermis structure with a three-dimensional spatial structure.