The invention discloses a wheeled robot for all-round inspection of underground roadways and chambers and a control method thereof, including a patrol inspection perception system, an external environment monitoring system, a walking obstacle-surpassing system, and a control system; the inspection perception system uses laser radar, Depth cameras, infrared thermal imaging sensors and other sensors use the fusion of multiple sensors such as lidar, depth cameras, and infrared thermal imaging sensors to achieve more reliable inspections; the external environment monitoring system includes sensors such as smoke sensors, sound sensors, and gas sensors to ensure that the robots Safety during inspections; the control system includes the main control box, upper and lower computers and power supplies, and millimeter-wave radar is used for robot driving and obstacle avoidance; the walking obstacle-surpassing mechanism based on the differential balance bar adopts a six-wheel structure to ensure that the robot Between the roadway and the chamber, the variable space can be used to overcome obstacles, which is more stable and reliable. The present invention can be applied to complex environments such as underground roadway chambers to realize advance prediction and early warning of roadway chamber problems.