The invention discloses an intelligent detection method for transformer winding deformation based on short circuit reactance. The intelligent detection method comprises the following steps of step 1,line connection, step 2, numerical calculation, step 3, calculation of short-circuit impedance, step 4, control group detection and step 5, data comparison, specifically, the appropriate measurement frequency is selected to connect a transformer winding for detection to a low voltage and a low current, and a power meter, a voltmeter and an ammeter are connected to a circuit separately, so that according to the circuit relationship, a wiring diagram is manufactured; and the distribution parameters such as currents, voltages and resistance in the circuit are measured and recorded, since the value of conductance G<10> is much larger than the sum value of internal resistance R<1> and internal resistance R<12>, and the value of total reactance X<10> is much larger than the sum value of reactance X<1> and reactance X<12>, the conductance G<10> and the total reactance X<10> can be ignored during calculation. The intelligent detection method is simple in operation, and data of a measurement group is compared with data of a control group so that the condition of a transformer winding can be diagnosed through clear criteria, and the accuracy of the detection and diagnosis is greatly improved.