The invention discloses a mushroom plantation culture medium which comprises 60-70 parts of fermentation waste fungus sticks, 10-15 parts of Pennisetum purpureum straw powder, 10-15 parts of plant charcoal, 13-16 parts of bean cakes, 7-12 parts of rapeseed hull, 2-6 parts of lime powder, 6-10 parts of waste Chinese medicine residues, 2-6 parts of yeast selenium, 16-20 parts of waste shrimp heads,6-12 parts of a Chinese herbal sterilizing solution, 7-12 parts of plant ash, 5-10 parts of diatomite, 4-8 parts of chicken manure, 6-10 parts of tree leaves, 2-5 parts of humic acid, 7-13 parts of coconut shell activated carbon, 12-16 parts of nutrients and 0.5-5 parts of a water retaining agent. The mushroom plantation culture medium uses the fermentation waste fungus sticks as a main component,makes full use of waste resources, and has the economic advantages of low cost and easy availability. Cooperating with the diatomite, the mushroom plantation culture medium has strong adsorbability,ensures the effective and continuous release of the nutrients, and enhances the overall effect of water and fertilizer conservation.