The invention discloses an internet account number login management system based on a short message. The internet account number login management system comprises an account number real-time generating module, an account safety module, a random cipher generating module, a computing module, a short message receiving-sending module, a short message reading module, a position storage module, a position judging module, a service stop module and a behavior alarm module, wherein the account number real-time generating module, the account safety module, the random cipher generating module, the computing module, the short message receiving-sending module, the short message reading module, the position storage module, the position judging module, the service stop module and the behavior alarm module are connected with a control module. Therefore, the internet account number login management system is complete in function, specific information of a user can be inquired, and the aim that the user is supervised to safely use the internet can be achieved. The invention further provides an internet account number login management method based on the short message, the internet account number login management system and method combine the mobile phone short message and mobile phone operator networks, and convenient and rapid management on the account from login to use is achieved.