The invention relates to a method for manufacturing alkaline magnesium-rich pellet ore. The method comprises the steps of I pretreatment of recycled waste magnesia-calcium bricks, wherein a, primary breaking is carried out, and the waste magnesia-calcium bricks are broken into magnesia-calcium brick blocks; b, fine grinding is carried out, and the magnesia-calcium brick blocks are ground into magnesia-calcium brick powder; II batching, wherein iron concentrate powder and the magnesia-calcium brick powder are batched into batch mixtures, and 5.5-6.6 parts of the magnesia-calcium brick powder, 100 parts of the iron concentrate powder, 0.5-1 part of pulverized coal and 1.7 parts of bentonite are adopted according to the ratio; III pretreatment of the batch mixtures, wherein roll grinding is carried out on the batch mixtures; IV mixing, wherein the batch mixtures obtained through roll grinding are mixed; V pelletizing and screening, wherein mixed materials are pelletized and screened into qualified green pellets; VI drying, preheating and calcination, wherein the qualified green pellets are calcinated into pellet ore; VIII cooling, wherein the pellet ore is cooled to obtain the alkaline magnesium-rich pellet ore. The alkaline magnesium-rich pellet ore is produced through the waste magnesia-calcium bricks, the quaternary alkalinity of the pellet ore can be above 1.15%, and MgO is larger than or equal to 3.8%.