The invention discloses a movable solar oxygenation system and method and belongs to the field of fishery culture. The oxygenation system comprises a buoyancy supporting mechanism, a solar power supply mechanism, a power mechanism, an oxygenation mechanism, a hoisting mechanism and a control mechanism, wherein the control mechanism comprises a central controller, and a dissolved oxygen sensor, an ultrasonic range finding module, a GPS (Global Positioning System) navigation module and an inertial navigation module, which are electrically connected with the central controller respectively; the central controller is used for controlling rotary speeds of two driving motors according to information fed back by the ultrasonic range finding module, the GPS navigation module and the inertial navigation module, so that movable oxygenation and automatic berthing are realized; electric energy generated by the solar power supply mechanism is stored in the storage battery and is used for providing the electric energy to the oxygenation mechanism, the power mechanism and the control mechanism. According to the movable solar oxygenation system and method, intelligent and flexible movement of the oxygenation system can be realized; the dissolving efficiency of oxygen in water can be effectively enhanced and the utilization performance of whole equipment is improved.