The invention discloses a method for improving resolving precision and anti-jamming capability of an attitude heading reference system. The attitude heading reference system mainly comprises a micro mechanical gyro, a micro mechanical accelerometer and a geomagnetic sensor, and is used for measuring attitude information of a movement carrier in real time. The method specifically comprises the following steps of: firstly, initializing the system according to output of the accelerometer and the geomagnetic sensor for completing a coarse alignment process; secondly, according to output of the gyro, determining an updating equation of a quaternion, calculating a quaternion of an updating system in real time, and realizing an updating process of the system; thirdly, with the output of the accelerometer and the geomagnetic sensor as the reference, realizing a correction process of the system by applying a kalman filtering technology; and fourthly, by combining with a fuzzy control theory, adding a fuzzy control module in the system, estimating the measurement noise of the system in real time, and realizing self-adaptive kalman filtration. According to the invention, the calculating complexity of the system is greatly lowered while the precision of the attitude heading reference system is improved; and especially, when the system is interfered by larger noise, the method can be used for rightly estimating and measuring the characteristic of the noise, thereby improving the attitude precision and enhancing the stability and reliability of the system.