The invention provides a ship short-circuit fault diagnosis method based on improved GA-PSO-BP which comprises the following steps: S1, acquiring a three-phase
voltage signal when a ship power
system is short-circuited, and establishing a training
data set and a
test data set; S2, establishing a three-layer BP neural
network model; S3, establishing a particle swarm representing the BP neural
network model; s4, endowing the BP neural
network model with the
particle position, inputting the training
data set into the BP neural network to carry out ship short-circuit fault diagnosis, obtaining a diagnosis result, calculating an error value of the diagnosis result, when the error value is greater than or equal to gmax and the number of iterations does not reach gmax, adding 1 to the number of iterations, entering S5, otherwise, ending iteration, and entering S7; s5, updating the particle speed and the
particle position; s6, performing cross
mutation on particle positions, and updating the particles into particles of the next generation; repeating the steps S4-S6; s7, using the
global optimal value of the particle swarm as an optimal particle to endow the BP neural network model; and S8, inputting the
test data set into the BP neural network model, and diagnosing the ship short-circuit fault.