The invention discloses a security and protection monitoring system based on face recognition and a monitoring method thereof. The security and protection monitoring system comprises a face acquisition module, a recognition module, an analysis module, a voice prompt module, a warning module, a storage module, a network connection module, an intelligent processor module, a fault detection module and an alarm module. The monitoring method comprises the following steps: ambient light adjustment, human face information feature acquisition, human face information modeling and analysis comparison. Through the human face acquisition module, the recognition module, the analysis module, the voice prompt module, the warning module, the storage module, the network connection module, the intelligent processor module, the fault detection module and the alarm module, human face information is captured, the illumination intensity can be adjusted, the image acquisition difficulty under different ambient light is reduced, a collected person can be reminded to cooperate with the collection work, a shielding object is prevented from covering a face, precise comparison can be performed through face modeling, and matching precision is improved.