7211results about "Cylinder heads" patented technology

A joining pin (3.2) with which two parts (1 and 2) made from a porous material, particularly wood or a wood-like material, are to be joined together, is anchored in the porous material at predetermined anchoring points (31, 33). For this purpose, a bore (4.2) with a closed inner end (41) is made in the parts (1 and 2). The shape of this bore (4.2) is so matched to the joining pin (3.2) that it can be introduced substantially without force expenditure into the bore and is positionable in a first position. At least one predetermined anchoring point (31, 33) between the joining pin (3.2) and the wall of the bore (4.2) is formed when pressure is built up by pressing the joining pin (3.2) with a pressing force (F) more deeply into the bore to a second position. Energy is supplied in a planned manner to the joining pin (3.2) so that at the predetermined anchoring points (31, 33) the thermoplastic material of the joining pin (3.2) is plasticized. The locally plasticized plastic material is pressed by the local pressure into the porous material of the parts and forms local, macroscopic anchors (10, 20). The joining pin (3.2) is, e.g., made entirely from a thermoplastic material and the energy for plasticizing is supplied thereto by ultrasonic vibration.

Each cylinder is provided with an ignition plug, two intake valves, an intra-cylinder fuel injector, and a port fuel injector. When homogeneous combustion is demanded, the intra-cylinder fuel injector and port fuel injector inject fuel on the same engine cycle. The port fuel injector is installed so that the amount of fuel directed toward outer regions of the intake valves is larger than that of fuel directed toward inner regions of the intake valves, thereby causing only fresh air to flow to regions near the inner regions of the intake valves.

A control device for a spark-ignition engine, in which a mixture in a combustion chamber is fired by compression ignition in a part-load range under warm-running conditions, includes an EGR controller incorporating a valve operation controller for controlling internal EGR of hot burned gas and a cold EGR controller for controlling external EGR of cold burned gas. The EGR controller performs EGR control operation to leave the hot EGR gas in the combustion chamber in a lower-load, lower-speed region within a compression ignition combustion range and to introduce the cold EGR gas into the combustion chamber in a higher-load, higher-speed region within the compression ignition combustion range. The control device further includes a firing assist unit for inducing the compression ignition at least when ignitability of the mixture decreases due to introduction of the cold EGR gas in the compression ignition combustion range.

A method of making a perforated laminate wherein a pliable perforation device having plurality of holes and plurality of perforation pins in the holes is assembled on a laminate; the pins are driven through the uncured laminate to perforate the laminate; the laminate is then staged or cured with pins in place; and the pins are then removed from the cured laminate and pushed back into the perforation device for reuse thereof.

A system and method for forming structural assemblies with 3-D woven joint pre-forms. The method of the present invention forms complex structural assemblies with pre-formed structures. Adhesive is applied between the preformed structures and uncured 3-D woven textile pre-forms. Then together the preformed structures and uncured resin impregnated 3-D woven textile are cured with heat and/or pressure to form the larger complex structural assemblies.

A construction machine of the present invention is provided, in a compartment formed by a cover, with an engine, a centrifugal fan, and a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between cooling air blown by the centrifugal fan and a specified medium, wherein the centrifugal fan and the heat exchanger are arranged further upstream than the engine with respect to flow of cooling air, so that cooling air sucked in by the centrifugal fan is led to the engine after passing through the heat exchanger.

This invention is directed to an apparatus and method for providing improved control of fuel, preferably gaseous fuel, to an internal combustion engine such that each cylinder of the engine will operate within a predetermined tolerance off of its lean misfire limit. The disclosed system introduces fuel to the engine at two locations: (1) upstream of the intake manifold to provide premixing of a majority of the fuel with air, and (2) near the intake valve of each cylinder for tailoring the fuel flow to each cylinder to achieve that fuel-to-air ratio which is necessary to maintain each cylinder at the desired tolerance from the lean misfire limit. Several calibration and control methods are described to maximize performance of the fuel system, including the use of a misfire detection technique to determine the lean misfire limit of each cylinder to allow the respective port fuel injector to provide a specified margin from lean misfire. The present invention enhances engine performance and driveability while reducing exhaust emissions.

A multi-port rotary valve used to distribute coolant to an engine cooling system comprises a valve body having a plurality of outlet ports for directing coolant flow to a radiator circuit, a heater circuit, and an auxiliary circuit. An internal gear driven rotary disc includes a gear driven mechanism located on an inner circumference of the rotary disc. The rotary disc includes two apertures positioned on a top surface of the rotary disc for regulating predetermined flow paths and flow rates to the plurality of ports. An inlet housing body which includes an inlet port mates with the valve body and encases the rotary disc. An actuator which is coupled to a drive gear mounted internal to the inlet housing body is responsive to a control signal for transmitting a torque to the internal drive gear for rotating the rotary disc to regulate coolant flow.

The present invention provides a method of making sheet articles, for example, abrasive articles, retroreflective articles (such as traffic signs), pavement marking articles, or traction or non-skid articles. The method includes passing particles through a thermal sprayer to heat the particles and impinging the heated particles into a polymeric sheet so that the particles are at least partially embedded in the polymeric sheet. Preferably, the polymeric sheet is heated before impingement of the heated particles. One preferred method of softening the sheet is by a thermal sprayer that is used to heat the particles. A preferred thermal sprayer is a flame sprayer having a nozzle for emitting a flame, where the nozzle has a cross-web width and a downweb thickness, the width being substantially greater than the thickness.

An engine cylinder head has an exhaust manifold cast in the cylinder head. A turbocharger with a turbine body is adapted to mount directly to an exhaust outlet mounting face of the exhaust manifold. A dual level water jacket within the cylinder head has separate coolant feeds for upper and lower cooling jackets. The cooling jackets extend above and below the exhaust outlet and are connected inward of the exhaust mounting face to reduce metal temperatures of the mounting face below those of the turbocharger exhaust inlet flange. Separate cores for the upper and lower jackets are connected at coolant inlet and outlet locations at opposite ends. Intermediate core print connectors form controlled flow passages between the upper and lower jackets and exhaust ports in the cylinder head and integrated manifold. The improved cooling in these areas lowers operating temperatures in the cylinder head and obviates the need for a separate exhaust manifold.

A turbo-fed internal combustion engine has a first and a second exhaust-gas valve per cylinder, these exhaust-gas valves each being connected to their respective exhaust manifold. One exhaust manifold conducts exhaust gases to an exhaust-gas turbine and the other exhaust manifold conducts subsequent exhaust gases past this exhaust-gas turbine which drives a compressor for charge air. The intake valve of the cylinder is arranged so as, as the engine speed increases, to close either earlier, before the piston reaches its bottom dead center, or later, after the piston has passed its bottom dead center. In this way, the temperature increase resulting from compression in the cylinder is reduced. Cooled air from the compressor can be taken in so as to obtain an adequate degree of filling in the cylinder, with a lower final temperature.

An insert for a siamese-type internal combustion engine that separates a water jacket surrounding the cylinders into an upper portion and a lower portion. Below a predetermined engine speed coolant flows primarily in the upper water jacket portion so as to provide enhanced cooling at the upper portions of the cylinders. Above a predetermined engine speed coolant is introduced into the lower water jacket portion from the upper water jacket portion so as to provide improved cooling of the lower cylinder portions, without compromising cooling of the upper cylinder portions or the conjoined cylinder wall portions. The water jacket insert enhances coolant flow velocity at the siamesed or conjoined portions of the cylinder walls, and directs incoming initially coolant over the exhaust-side of the cylinders. Use of the insert reduces circumferential and axial intra-cylinder temperature deviations as well as inter-cylinder temperature deviations.

In an internal combustion engine for a motor vehicle, having a cylinder head and an engine block, each with a coolant inlet port and a coolant outlet port which is common to the cylinder head the engine block, a main coolant pump having an intake side connected to the coolant outlet port and a pressure side connected to a first control valve via which coolant reaches the inlet port of the cylinder head and the inlet port of the engine block depending on the temperature of the coolant, and to a method for operating such an internal combustion engine, wherein the main coolant pump is selectively actuated to pump the coolant through at least one of the cylinder head and the engine block or is shut down depending on the engine operating state.

Methods and systems are provided for a boosted engine having a split exhaust system. One method includes reducing knock by flowing a combination of exhaust from towards the end of an exhaust stroke and blowthrough air to the intake of a compressor via a compressor inlet valve.

Catheter balloon assemblies (10) for delivering a therapeutic agent to a body vessel are provided, as well as related methods of manufacturing and methods of treatment. The catheter balloon assemblies may include a concentrically disposed dual balloon assembly at the distal portion of the catheter having an inner balloon (44), a porous outer balloon (42) concentrically arrayed around the inner balloon and a catheter shaft (30) adapted to deliver a therapeutic agent to the body vessel through the apertures in the outer balloon. Radial outward expansion of the inner balloon may urge the outer balloon into contact with the wall of a body vessel, where the therapeutic agent may be delivered from the catheter shaft through apertures in the outer balloon directly to the wall of the body vessel. Preferably, the catheter balloon assemblies include a stiffening′ member (210) within the proximal portion and/or a plurality of lumens lined with a fluorinated hydrocarbon to independently inflate the inner balloon, deliver the therapeutic agent through the outer balloon and house a wire guide (50). The catheter balloon assemblies may provide improved tractability and/or pushability characteristics.

A cooling system for an internal combustion engine incorporating a heat accumulator to temporarily store heat during peak heat loads. In automotive vehicles, the heat accumulator may store excess heat generated during vehicle acceleration or hill climbing and it may dissipate stored heat during vehicle cruise, deceleration, or engine idle. The heat accumulator contains phase change material with a solid-to-liquid transition temperature higher than the normal operating temperature of the cooling system. The invention enables reducing the size and weight of engine cooling system without compromising its performance. This is particularly important for improving fuel economy and reduction of emission in automotive vehicles. In addition, the invention enables reducing the coolant inventory in the system thereby allowing for faster engine warm-up and reduced emissions of harmful pollutants during a cold engine start. The invention may be also used for thermal management of engine oil, transmission fluid, or hydraulic fluid.

An internal combustion engine of either two-cycle or four-cycle construction including a block having at least one cylinder bore therein having sidewalls carrying a liner of a structural fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite material disposed in sealed fiber reinforced sliding relationship within the cylinder bore, and a cylinder head sealing atop end of the cylinder bore to form a closed combustion chamber in combination with the piston. The cylinder head also has the structural fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite material disposed on an inner surface thereof facing the combustion chamber. The preferred engine is a two-cycle engine having an externally scavenged intake system and an oil sump lubricating system thereby eliminating the need to separately mix or inject lubricating oil. Higher operating temperatures and closer tolerances allow higher fuel efficiency and less pollutant production. A preferred structural fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite material and the method of making same is also disclosed.

A composite member is joined to another composite or noncomposite member, using liquid or paste adhesive resin that cures in the joint. The joint is configured in such a way that the adhesive forms an interlocking key within recesses in the joined members that prevents joint disassembly once the adhesive has cured and hardened. Both of the members are provided with recesses extending along their lengths in the joint. The recesses register with each other to define a cavity and may undulate. The recessed are designed in such a way as to take the full load capability if the joint, even if there is no adhesion to the joined members. Adhesive is injected into the cavity through injection ports spaced periodically along the length of the joint.

A main CPU determines whether or not there is a request for one valve driving based on an engine operating state such as an engine speed and a load factor, with reference to a control map. When it is determined that there is a request for one valve driving, it is determined whether or not there is an overlapping period between opening periods. When it is determined that there is no overlapping period, a high speed control is performed for controlling electromagnetically driven valves. When it is determined that there is no request for one valve driving, or when it is determined that there is the overlapping period, a low speed control is performed for controlling electromagnetically driven valves.