51 results about "Undergrowth" patented technology

The invention provides a method and a device for measuring photosynthesis, breath and transpiration of a plant canopy or / and breath and evaporation of soil. The device is formed by assembling a box base, three boxes (a light box, a dark box and a bare box), a multichannel magnetic valve, an infrared gas analyzer, a data collector, a temperature sensor, a baroceptor and an air pump. The invention can be used for measuring population photosynthesis-breath-evaporation and breath-evaporation of various plants, such as farmland, lawns, bushes, and the like and observing photosynthesis, breath and transpiration of plants and breath and transpiration of soil at the same place and the same time, and can realize the continuous observation and scientific split of various components.

The invention relates to a method of controlling the invasion of spartina alterniflora and restoring the ecological environment of mangrove by adopting the sonneratia apetala. The method is characterized by the steps: (1) pretreating the tidal flat of the spartina alterniflora invasion according to the requirement; (2) preparing the nursery stock of the sonneratia apetala; (3) planting the nursery stock of the sonneratia apetala according to the site condition and the thickness of the spartina alterniflora; (4) supporting and fixing the planted nursery stock; (5) pruning the undergrowth spartina alterniflora and planting the native mangrove after the crown closure and the fade-away or the complete fade-away of the spartina alterniflora. The spartina alterniflora starts the crown closure after a plantation of 1-1.5 years, the native mangrove including bruguiera gymnorrhiza and kandelia candel in the undergrowth of the spartina alterniflora can be planted after the sonneratia apetala gradually recesses to promote the formation of the community of rich biodiversity. The method adopts the fast-growing pioneer species of the sonneratia apetala to compete with the spartina alterniflora for fertilizer, water and sunlight, so as to cause the spartina alterniflora decline or death. The adopted sonneratia apetala has long growth period, large biomass, high stress resistance, easy plantation and good weed-suppressive effect.

The invention discloses a ganoderma undergrowth bionics wild cultivation method. The method comprises the steps of A, choosing a wild ganoderma variety in the South China area and separating a mother culture; B, choosing a cut-log; C, cutting the cut-log into wood sections with the length of 20-30 cm; D, putting the cut-log into fungus bags; E, putting the bagged fungus material into a sterilization room; F, putting strains on an inoculation shelf and conducting space sterilization; G, when inoculation is conducted, pinching the strains into small blocks of 2-4 cm<3> with hands; H, choosing a room with good thermal insulation performance as a cultivation room, wherein the room temperature is at 25-28 DEG C; I, choosing a Chinese fir forest, a weed tree forest or a bamboo forest with the canopy density of 0.6-0.8, good ventilation and drainage performance and loose and fertile soil texture as a ganoderma cultivation plot; J, choosing Spring Festival to the end of the second month in lunar calendar as cultivation time; K, removing the bags and burying fungus sticks, wherein the burying density is 1500-3000 sticks / mu (a Chinese area unit and is equal to 666.67 m<3>). The ganoderma undergrowth bionics wild cultivation method mainly aims at undergrowth planting of ganoderma fungus sticks in the South China area, according to the method, no facilities and manual watering are needed, continuous harvest for many years can be achieved, and the ganoderma is high in yield and good in quality.

The invention relates to an ecological engineering technology for disposing river or lake bottom mud on site to construct an ecological revetment. River or lake bottom mud in the urban region and particle components are filled into ecological bags to be used for constructing the ecological embankment on a cement hardened river or lake bank, mixtures of bottom mud and other components are filled between the ecological bags and the original bank zone, then, plants such as bushwood and sedge with high purifying capacity are planted, and thus a system for disposing bottom mud on site is constructed. With the method, river or lake bottom mud suffering urban pollution is disposed on site, transportation cost is reduced, influences on the environment are reduced, and the bottom mud is disposed in an ecological harmless mode and recycled through a constructed compound system of bottom mud matrixes, plants and microorganisms. The formed near natural plant ecological zone can intercept and absorb surface source pollutants carried into a river or lake by surface runoffs, and pollution level is reduced.

The present invention relates to process of breeding hepialus larva in arctic-alpine habitat. The process includes establishing hepialus raising farm in proper arctic-alpine habitat; controlling and reducing the natural enemy harm to hepialus; promoting the growth of herbage and brush plant to form rich vegetation root system for hepialus larva to take; and throwing egg, larva or pupa of hepialus to increase the amount and density of hepialus. The process can raise the survival rate of hepialus larva, promote its growth and increase the amount of hepialus larva fast.

The present invention is applicable to image processing and provides a robust plane detection method based on depth information. The method comprises steps of: receiving a depth map, and extracting aplurality of valid seed blocks in the depth map; according to the valid seed blocks, performing area growth, and obtaining generation planes of the valid seed blocks; performing outgrowth correction or undergrowth correction on the generation planes of the valid seed blocks, and obtaining valid growth planes of the valid seed blocks; and outputting a depth map detection plane comprising the validgrowth planes of the valid seed blocks. The embodiment of the invention improves the accuracy and the robustness of the plane detection method by correcting overgrowth or undergrowth of the growth plane obtained by area growth of the valid seed blocks.

The invention discloses an undergrowth konjac planting fertilizer applicator, which comprises a first fertilization drum and a second fertilization drum. A spraying device is arranged on one side, away from the second fertilization drum, of the first fertilization drum. Tops of the first fertilization drum and the second fertilization drum are provided with a first feeding port and a second feeding port respectively. The bottom of the second fertilization drum is communicated with a discharging pipe, a discharging control device is arranged at the joint of the discharging pipe and the second fertilization drum, and a first stirrer and a second stirrer are arranged in the first fertilization drum and the second fertilization drum respectively. Rolling wheels are mounted on the left side ofthe bottom of the base, supporting wheels are mounted on the right side of the bottom of the base, and a plough block is arranged at the bottom of the left lateral side of the base. The undergrowth konjac planting fertilizer applicator is reasonable and simple in structure, low in production cost and convenient to mount, and the problem of failure in application of liquid fertilizers and solid fertilizers through a same fertilizer applicator of an existing fertilization device is solved. By a driving device for driving the rolling wheels to move, the undergrowth konjac planting fertilizer applicator is capable of automatically moving for fertilizer application, and manpower is greatly saved.

The invention discloses a vegetation ecological restoration method for Sichuan-west dry-warm valley barren slope land. The vegetation ecological restoration method comprises the steps of site type division, vegetation ecological restoration tree species selection and configuration and application of a vegetation ecological restoration technology. According to the steps of the method performed on the dry-warm valley barren slope land, after vegetation ecological restoration is carried out through local tree species, vegetation and plant regionals of the dry and warm valley barren slope land areeffectively restored, vegetation stability maintaining and soil environment quality improving are facilitated, and in 10 years after two kinds of moderately-degraded site vegetation a barren mountaingentle slope and a barren mountain abrupt slope are restored, the vegetation is restored. The forest stand canopy density reaches 0.70, an arbor tree, shrub and grass multi-layer different-age forestecological system is preliminarily formed, the Shannon-wiener index is increased by 10%-20%, and the Simpson index is increased by 10%-15%; physical and chemical properties of soil are obviously improved, and ecological functions such as shrub water and soil conservation are obviously enhanced.

The invention discloses a culture method of white-skin collybia albuminosa, and relates to the field of fungus culture. The culture method comprises the steps of preparation of mother strains, stock seeds and production seeds and performing artificial planting under imitated wild forests, and is characterized in that the mother strains are prepared by culturing white-skin collybia albuminosa sporocarp hyphae; culture materials used in the culture process are prepared from lotus seed shells, rhizoma imperatae, agar, white sugar and the like by adopting a certain method, the raw materials are prepared from local materials and are cheap, easy to obtain, low in production cost, short in period and high in yield, large-scale artificial cultivation of the white-skin collybia albuminosa imitatingwild undergrowth is achieved, and the market requirements of vast consumers for the white-skin collybia albuminosa are met.

The invention discloses a tissue-culture industrialized seedling production method of dendrobium officinale, and relates to the technical field of biology. According to the tissue-culture industrialized seedling production method of the dendrobium officinale, field cluttered germplasms are screened through a simple and easy method, and dendrobium officinale stem segments which are high in yield, disease-resistant and good in appearance and taste and of which the quality meets the standards of Chinese Pharmacopoeia are screened out to greatly shorten the variety screening time; in the culture process, a large number of elements in an MS culture medium are improved, fulvic acid calcium and a new food antioxidant of sodium erythorbate or calcium ascorbate are added in additives, the culture condition is that lighting of an led light source of which the color temperature is 4000K is used, and small seedlings of certain specifications are circularly transferred in the strong seedling production process, so that the growth rate of tissue culture seedlings is improved, and the states of small seedling browning, yellowing and undergrowth and the turnover frequency of the tissue culture seedlings are reduced in the production process to improve the industrialized production efficiency.

The invention discloses an ecological restoration method for pine wood nematode damaged pine forest. According to the technical route, the masson pine forest is divided into four degeneration types according to habitat conditions, community structures, evolutionary changes and damage conditions. For a scattered pine-deciduous shrub type, sunny shrubs and bamboos and weeds are cleaned, local broad-leaf target tree species seedlings are reserved and cultivated, soil preparation, afforestation and tending are carried out, and target tree species such as schima superba and sweetgum are promoted to update and build new groups. For a scattered pine-evergreen shrub type, sanitation cutting, thinning and cleaning, complementary planting and tending are carried out to promote the regeneration succession of communities. For a pine-sweetgum forest type, the vigor and stability of the forest are improved through sanitation cutting, thinning, complementary planting and cultivation of prepared target trees. For a pine-schima superba forest type, through tending and thinning, complementary planting and cultivation of prepared target trees, a different-age mixed forest with broad-leaf target tree species as the main species is rapidly built. The technical measures are high in pertinence, rapid in recovery, low in investment, easy to operate and suitable for being widely applied to the Eastern Zhejiang region in China.

The invention discloses a method and a system for quickly identifying a shrubby grassland shrub distribution range. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a first grassland shrubby area image in a first set time range of a specified area; in the first grassland shrubbed area image, the area with the pixel value larger than a set threshold value is regarded as a grassland area without shrubbed; acquiring a second grassland shrubby area image in a second set time range of the specified area; and carrying out image alignment on the second grassland shrub region image and the first grassland shrub region image, removing a grassland region which is not shrub from the aligned second grassland shrub region image, and marking the region of which the pixel point value is greater than a set threshold value in the remaining region to obtain a shrub distribution range.

The invention provides a plant population photosynthesis measuring device and a measuring method, the device comprises a base and a closed static box which are arranged in cooperation, and the closedstatic box is arranged on the base and is in sealed connection with the base; the closed static box comprises a top end static box and one or more lengthened static boxes, and the top end static box and the lengthened static boxes are detachably connected in a sealed mode; a photosynthetic instrument is provided, wherein the photosynthetic instrument is connected with the closed static box to forma closed loop so as to determine the photosynthesis of the plant population. According to the technical scheme of the invention; the photosynthetic instrument is ingeniously combined with the staticbox; the photosynthesis of the plant population can be efficiently, conveniently and accurately determined; and the lengthened static boxes are designed and can be designed into a series of differentlengths and models, so that the group photosynthesis of various types of plants at different growth stages, such as herbaceous plants, gramineous plants and small-sized shrub plants, can be conveniently measured, and the application range of measuring the group photosynthesis is greatly expanded.

The invention discloses a method of high-level stumping and rejuvenating of bush sophora davidii. The problem that due to the fact that the age of sophora davidii bush is increased, growth declination is prone to occurrence is solved. More and more research and development of existing stumping and rejuvenating and matching technologies appear, specially for recent years, vegetation of desertification regions restores, stumping and rejuvenating utilization technology is popularized at home and abroad, taking Inner Mongolia for example, a machine special for stumping and rejuvenating and cutting irrigation of caragana korshinskii is developed, but crops for rotation are low in this technology, implementation is not easy to carry out in southwest mountainous areas, and the promotion is difficult. Compared with the prior art, the high-level stumping and rejuvenating technology is adopted, the biological yield of bushes is increased, mechanization of stumping is achieved, the method of high-level stumping and rejuvenating of the bush sophora davidii has the advantages of being easy to operate and promote, and greater promotion potential and practical value in southwest mountainous areas are achieved. According to the method of high-level stumping and rejuvenating of the bush sophora davidii, the operation steps are simple, the promotion is easy, water erosion hazards to stony ground can be effectively reduced, the yield of bush feed is increased, sprout occurrence rate is enhanced after stumping is conducted, plant diseases and insect pests are eliminated, and better economical and social benefits are produced.

The invention relates to a leading-edge area rapid forest establishment method for vegetation restoration of an island windward slope. The leading-edge area rapid forest establishment method comprisesthe following steps: step 1, construction of an artificial wind barrier: A, mounting of a support; and B, mounting of a windshield net; and step 2, construction of a plant wind barrier: A, selectionof vegetation; and B, selection of a planting land; step 3, planting of arbors in a vegetation restoration area: A, area layout; B, selection of trees; C, arrangement of inclined planting holes; D, planting density of oblique planting; E, oblique planting; and F, planting of vegetation in a normal planting area. According to the invention, through combination of the above-mentioned artificial windbarrier and plant wind barrier, the wind speed of the windward side of an island is reduced; plants in the vegetation restoration area on the leeward side of a wind barrier are protected against wind; wind damage invasion is relieved; good growth of the plants in the vegetation restoration area is guaranteed; the vegetation closed forest establishment rate is increased; the vegetation restorationarea can be effectively established in an inclined close planting mode; the arbors are prevented from being shrubbed or flagged due to wind damage; and the restoration effect of vegetation of the island windward slope is improved.

The invention discloses a method for measuring vegetation coverage of a sandy land quadrat scale in an alpine fragile area by using a foundation laser radar, and belongs to the field of forest resource monitoring and ecological factor investigation. The vegetation coverage refers to the vertical projection area of the land covered by plant branches and leaves. According to the research, a vegetation coverage extraction method combining a two-dimensional canopy height model (CHM) and three-dimensional point cloud is provided, for the quadrat scale, the resolution suitable for extracting the shrub vegetation coverage of the alpine sandy area is discussed, and a canopy height model with the appropriate resolution is selected to accurately extract the quadrat scale vegetation coverage. According to the invention, the three-dimensional point cloud information of artificial vegetation of the sandy land is obtained and processed, the vegetation coverage information of the sample plot can be accurately obtained on the basis of reducing the traditional survey of the sample plot, so that the vegetation recovery condition of the alpine sandy land area is better mastered, and technical supportis provided for sandy land vegetation recovery and ecological function recovery expressed by multi-dimensional information.

The invention discloses a village and town building torrential flood and debris flow protection system and a design method. According to the village and town building torrential flood and debris flow protection system, a building area serves as the center, a plant zone and a blocking-guiding device which are tightly connected with each other are sequentially arranged from inside to outside in the torrential flood and debris flow direction, the blocking-guiding device is of a pile-in-row pull net structure and comprises a blocking section and a guiding section which extends at the side end of the blocking section and forms an included angle alpha, the blocking section is perpendicular to the flow direction of torrential flood debris flow, and the blocking section and the extending line of the guide section form a half-surrounding space for the building area. The whole system forms a pile forest type structure from the anti-collision pile to the arbor trunk and then to the shrub stem, and the comprehensive effects of intercepting and filtering layer by layer and adjusting the flow speed of fluid layer by layer are achieved; the system can greatly weaken the final impact destructiveness of disaster fluid to the building area; and the system is low in construction and maintenance cost, and the comprehensive prevention and treatment efficiency can be improved along with the increase of operating years. The invention further provides a design method of the village and town building torrential flood and debris flow protection system.

The invention discloses vegetation bags, artificial bush sand piles, a sand blocking and fixing belt and a construction method and application thereof. The method for establishing the sand blocking and fixing belt of the bush sand piles based on the vegetation bags comprises the following steps that soil is taken locally and piled into conical mounds; a plurality of vegetation bags are neatly stacked on the surfaces of the conical mounds along contour lines; sand fixing bushes are planted in all the vegetation bags to form the artificial bush sand piles; and a plurality of artificial bush sandpiles are arranged in multiple rows in a delta shape to form the sand blocking and fixing belt. According to the method for establishing the sand blocking and fixing belt based on the vegetation bags, the forming process of the bush sand piles is shortened to one year from several years to dozens of years in the nature; and meanwhile, due to the fact that the bush sand piles have the good water storage and conservation characteristics, the bush sand piles are established through the artificial and natural combined mode to form the sand blocking and fixing belt, and sustainable sand control under the natural rain-fed condition is achieved.

The invention discloses an ecological breeding method suitable for mountain forest land undergrowth chicken raising. The ecological breeding method comprises the following steps: selecting a mountain forest land of which the slope is less than 30 degrees to establish an undergrowth chicken raising ecological breeding aquatics village (1), wherein the average height of the forest canopy of the undergrowth chicken raising ecological breeding aquatics village (1) is above four meters, and the canopy density of the forest canopy is 0.5-0.6; at least planting a shrub isolation layer (2) on an edge near the bottom end of a hillside of the undergrowth chicken raising ecological breeding aquatics village (1). Compared with the prior art, the ecological breeding method has the advantages that the method can effectively alleviate a water and soil loss problem caused by vegetation deterioration in a mountain forest land undergrowth chicken raising process while a purpose of isolation protection is achieved. The ecological breeding method has the advantages of simpleness in operation, low cost and ecological environment protection and is an auxiliary protection means for the ecological breeding.

The invention provides a method for ecological restoration and sustainable management of bush grassland, and belongs to the technical field of grassland ecosystem restoration. The method is based on the key problem that rapid growth of bushes and severe swallowing of grassland cause that a large number of livestock cannot enter the grassland, the available grassland is greatly reduced, and then local animal husbandry development is seriously affected. The invention provides a bush grassland ecological restoration technology and a sustainable management method of 'cleaning and raising grass, sealing and raising rotation grazing, combining grazing and raising, and sustainable development'. The method can solve the problems of grassland productivity reduction, grassland over grazing, livestock reduction and difficult maintenance of livelihood caused by bush invasion in bush grassland areas, and the purposes of bush removal and reuse, grassland ecological restoration and sustainable management of livelihood are achieved.

The invention discloses a method for improving the forest productivity based on crown complementarity, which comprises the following steps of: selecting bushes, secondary forests and protoplasts withdifferent soil nutrient and moisture gradients, and quantifying the non-overlapping degree of the crown volume of a tree individual in the vertical direction through standard sample plot investigationto obtain a community horizontal crown complementarity index; reflecting community productivity by using the total amount of forest stand annual litters, establishing a regression relationship between the community productivity and crown complementary indexes, screening community types with high species richness, strong crown complementarity and high productivity, and sorting the crown complementarity indexes according to tree species individuals; selecting an individual pair greater than the average value of the community as a species pairing combination with high crown complementarity; meanwhile, according to the community multi-degree proportion of the species combination of the type, determining the number proportion, integrating the planting method, and forming community afforestation schemes with different site high productivity. The forest productivity can be remarkably improved by accurately optimizing the forest stand space structure, and the method can be widely applied to afforestation, tending, forest stand transformation and large-diameter wood cultivation.

A high-efficiency cultivation technique for high-quality cauliflowers in an open field is characterized by comprising the processes of soil preparation, ridging, seedling cultivation, transplantation and field planting, management and the like. The problems that cauliflowers are easily influenced by the environment under traditional cultivation and planting modes, seedlings emerge irregularly, both big and small seedlings are uneven, the rejuvenation period is long after transplantation, undergrowth of leaf plants occurs, and consequently leaves are prone to crimp and deformation and prone to diseases and decay in the later period are solved. The high-efficiency cultivation technique is suitable for planting of cauliflowers in the open field.

The invention discloses a method and a system for quantitatively evaluating the cooling effect of urban greenbelts in different climatic areas in the technical field of urban greenbelt cooling evaluation. The method comprises the following steps of based on a drought index, dividing global observation sample points into an arid region, a semi-arid and semi-humid region, a moderate humid region and an extreme humid region; combining field observation and satellite remote sensing technologies; analyzing the relationship between evapotranspiration and cooling effects of different vegetation types and the relationship between the leaf area index and the cooling effects of different vegetation types in different climate regions on the basis. The cooling effect evaluation models of the grassland type, the shrub type, the arbor type and the arbor-shrub-grass composite structure type in an arid region, the semi-arid region and the semi-humid region, the moderate humid region and the extreme humid region with the evapotranspiration and / or the leaf area index as characterization parameters are comprehensively constructed.

A micro toothed cap device with a cavity can penetrate through a hair weave to exfoliate and stimulate the scalp. The device can be used to apply medicated products directly into the hard-to-reach areas under a hair weave to easily access the scalp. The device is small enough to penetrate to the undergrowth under the plaits, cornrows and wefts, allowing the scalp to be exfoliated, cleansed and treated properly without shifting the weft out of place.

The present invention relates to process of breeding hepialus larva in arctic-alpine habitat. The process includes establishing hepialus raising farm in proper arctic-alpine habitat; controlling and reducing the natural enemy harm to hepialus; promoting the growth of herbage and brush plant to form rich vegetation root system for hepialus larva to take; and throwing egg, larva or pupa of hepialus to increase the amount and density of hepialus. The process can raise the survival rate of hepialus larva, promote its growth and increase the amount of hepialus larva fast.

The invention relates to a method for efficiently inhibiting grassland shrubby, which comprises the following steps: carrying out first mowing from mid-to-late July to early August, and carrying out second mowing in the flowering period of Caragana microphylla in the second year; monitoring the coverage of the shrub before the second mowing; and when the shrub coverage is less than 10%, cradling is not carried out any more in the current year. The method is easy and convenient to operate and high in implementation speed, and a harvester driver can master the operation method skillfully; the cost generated by cutting is compensated by the collected pasture, so that no extra cost is generated and even profits can be made; caragana microphylla shrub branches on the earth surface can be efficiently removed; enclosing and grazing forbidding are not needed, and the influence on production is small; under annual unmanned aerial vehicle monitoring, the shrub level can be kept at a low degree, and the pasture yield is guaranteed.

A method for rapidly forming forests in the frontier area of ​​vegetation restoration on windward slopes of islands, comprising the following steps: Step 1, constructing artificial wind barriers: A, installing supports; B, installing windshield nets; Step 2, constructing plant wind barriers: A, vegetation Selection; B, selection of planting site; Step 3, planting trees in the vegetation restoration area: A, regional layout; B, tree selection; C, oblique planting hole setting; D, oblique planting density; E, oblique planting; F , Vegetation planting in normal planting area. The present invention reduces the wind speed on the windward side of the island by adopting the above-mentioned combination of the artificial wind barrier and the plant wind barrier, and protects the plants in the vegetation restoration area on the leeward side of the wind barrier from the wind, reducing the invasion of wind damage and ensuring better growth of plants in the vegetation restoration area. , to increase the rate of vegetation closure and forest formation, can effectively establish a vegetation restoration area by means of oblique planting and dense planting, avoid shrubs or flags of trees caused by wind damage, and improve the restoration effect of vegetation on windward slopes of islands.

The ditch-cleaning device is an accessory for a continuous track machinery that is either dragged along or driven forwardly via the machinery in order to clear out and forcibly throw undergrowth from a ditch or depressed surface. The accessory is constructed of a drum upon which a plurality of scoops and digger teeth adorn specific regions along an exterior and of which strip and subsequently throw said undergrowth. The drum is rotated while the machinery moves along a ditch or depressed surface such that the digger teeth strip said undergrowth, and subsequently the scoops forcibly throw said undergrowth away from the ditch or depressed surface. A protective cover may be included with and cover a top half of said drum so as to prevent debris from being thrown from said device.

The invention discloses a regulation and control method for promoting germination and renewal of abies regale seeds. The growth rate of the abies regale seeds is improved by arranging and controlling surface litters under different shrub canopy densities or densities, so that the germination of abies regale is promoted, the update of the forest stand structure of the quercus yunnanensis shrub is promoted by an artificial auxiliary seeding measure, the natural update succession period of the shrub is shortened, and the soil environment quality of a shrub forest land is further improved; the defects that natural updating is limited by natural conditions and the updating speed is low are overcome, and the evolution process of the existing quercus alpina shrub stand towards the top-level community-dark coniferous forest (Abies alpina forest) in the area. According to the regulation and control method for promoting the germination and renewal of the abies regale seeds, growth soil of the abies regale seeds is covered with earth surface litters, the abies regale seeds are planted in the Quercus aquifolioides shrub forest, the density is 2344-8258 clusters / hectare, and the canopy density of a community where the microenvironment of the growth soil is located is 0.3-0.5.

The invention discloses a model and method for estimating the diversity of plant species based on hyperspectral remote sensing data. A formula of the model is Y equals to 321.434FD654-38.89FD976 plus31.274FD966 plus 204.216FD847 plus 122.714FD853 plus 0.258. A construction method of the model comprises the following steps of field measurement by adopting a hyperspectral measuring instrument; datacorrection and validation; data smooth processing; calculation of a first-order spectral derivative; selection of a characteristic wave band; stepwise regression, wherein the model with highest stepwise significance is selected as an optimization model. The model and the method can rapidly estimate the diversity of the plant species according to spectral heterogeneity-species diversity hypothesisand can be widely suitable for rapid estimation of the diversity of the plant species including grasslands, lawns, shrubs, farmlands and nursery lands.