370 results about "Surface discharge" patented technology

The object of this invention is to prevent surface discharge even when a high voltage is applied in a dielectric-barrier discharge lamp or a capacitively coupled high frequency discharge lamp with no electrodes in a discharge space. Ribbon foil electrodes 3 are embedded in the wall of a quartz discharge vessel 1. The discharge vessel 1 is disposed such that the foil electrodes 3 face each other on both sides of the axis of the quartz discharge vessel 1. It may be disposed such that the foil electrodes 3 have a truncated V-shaped cross-section. The single tube quartz discharge vessel 1 is filled with discharge gas to form excimer molecules by dielectric barrier discharge or capacitively coupled high-frequency discharge.

This invention discloses a cost-effective process for separating contaminants and a wide-range of fouling material from surface water, ground water and from industrial effluents. Having undergone effective pre-treatment, the water can be purified further by using high-surface area spirally wound micro-filtration (MF), ultra-filtration (UF), nano-filtration (NF) or reverse osmosis (RO) membranes. High-quality potable water free from pathogen and other contaminants is thus produced at low-cost from the pre-treated surface water and ground-water. Conversely, pre-treated industrial effluents are further purified at a relatively low-cost using NF or RO membranes, thus producing water suitable for recycle or surface discharge. The process of this invention uses cationic inorganic and / or polymeric flocculants to coagulate and flocculate the water-borne colloidal matter (e.g. clays, iron hydroxides, naturally occurring matter (NOM's), etc.), followed by filtration using a multi-media filter, charge neutralization and reversal and final filtration using a 5-micron cartridge filter. These pre-treatment steps provides a good quality water having a low Silt Density Index and a significant negative zeta potential, thereby ensuring against irreversible chemical fouling of the spirally-wound membranes.

A surface discharge device performing functions of a trigger and electron beam generator includes a cylinder shaped member formed from a dielectric material with dielectric constant ε>100, in which a central opening is formed having a conical or cylindrical shape. An internal electrode is electrically coupled to the internal surface of the cylinder shaped member. An external electrode covers the external surface of the cylinder shaped member. A triggering pulse is applied between the external and internal electrodes to generate emission of electrons in the central opening and formation of the conducting plasma to ignite the device and serve as a source of electrons for generating an electron beam. The conducting plasma charges a capacitor formed by the cylinder shaped dielectric member and the external electrode. The cylinder shaped member is positioned in a hollow cathode having a central bore hole in the bottom. An anode is positioned remotely from the cathode and an electric field exists dynamically in space between the cathode and anode for at least a portion of the duration of the triggering pulse.

The invention is directed to a method and an arrangement for generating extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation, i.e., radiation of high-energy photons in the wavelength range from 11 to 14 nm, based on a gas discharge. The object of the invention, to find a novel possibility for generating EUV radiation in which an extended life of the system is achieved with stable generation of a dense, hot plasma column, is met according to the invention in that a preionization discharge is ignited between two parallel disk-shaped flat electrodes prior to the main discharge by a surface discharge along the superficies surface of a cylindrical insulator with a plasma column generated through the gas discharge with pulsed direct voltage, which preionization discharge carries out an ionization of the working gas in the discharge chamber by means of fast charged particles. The preionization discharge is triggered within a first electrode housing and the main discharge takes place between a narrowed output of the first electrode housing and a part of the second electrode housing close to the outlet opening of the discharge chamber. The plasma develops in a part of the second electrode housing covered by a tubular insulator and, as a result of the current-induced magnetic field, contracts to form a dense, hot plasma column, one end of which is located in the vicinity of the outlet opening of the second electrode housing.

Described herein is an AC plasma display panel in which a discharge part is separated from a bus electrode and a partition wall. In this AC plasma display panel, a high emission efficiency can be obtained. Also described is another AC plasma display panel in which a data electrode having a large width part around the surface discharging gap and a narrow width part. The data electrode may further include a medium width part. In this AC plasma display panel, since counter discharge always occurs near a discharge gap of a scanning electrode by employing the data electrode having a specified shape, a high resolution panel with full-color display can be realized.

A gas treatment method is actualized by arranging a plurality of photocatalyst members each including photocatalyst, solid substance, and catalyst in a region of non-equilibrium plasma, which is produced using a surface discharge electrode and into which a treated gas such as an exhaust gas and a harmful gas including harmful chemical substances is introduced and is then subjected to decomposition. The surface discharge electrode comprises a ground electrode, an insulator encompassing the ground electrode, and a plurality of surface electrodes that are arranged relative to the ground electrode via the insulator, by which the non-equilibrium plasma is produced upon electrification. A gas treatment apparatus is constituted by arranging a plurality of surface discharge electrodes, each having a plurality of through holes penetrating in a thickness direction, between which a plurality of photocatalyst members are arranged.

The invention relates to a method and system for treating an aqueous liquid containing dissolved minerals and dissolved hydrocarbons. Method steps and apparatus for treating a waste water feed stream are disclosed which utilize a warm lime softening system in fluid communication with the waste water feed stream, wherein sludge from the warm lime softening system is recycled to improve lime utilization and enhance silica and boron removal without the addition of an external source of magnesium. In addition, a microfiltration system and / or an air stripper system may be used in fluid communication with at least one reverse osmosis system to produce a treatment water that meets state and federal guidelines for surface discharge.

A discharge inert film (22) is made of an aggregate of fine particles not substantially containing any inorganic binder. Each of sustain discharge electrodes (XB, YB) includes a plurality of discharge gap adjoining portions (a), a bus portion (b) and a plurality of bridge-building portions (c). The bus portion (b) adjoins the electrode pair gap portion (NG), extending along a second direction (D2). Each of bridge-building portions (c) extends towards a discharge gap portion (DG). The bridge-building portions (c) are connected to the discharge gap adjoining portions (a), respectively, and these adjoining portions (a) adjoin the discharge gap portion (DG) and are arranged therealong. The film (22) is so disposed as not to cover the discharge gap adjoining portions (a). When a surface discharge is generated between the sustain discharge electrodes (X, Y) during a reset period, the potential difference between the electrodes (X, Y) is gradually increased.

PCT No. PCT / RU96 / 00251 Sec. 371 Date May 18, 1998 Sec. 102(e) Date May 18, 1998 PCT Filed Sep. 5, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO97 / 19456 PCT Pub. Date May 29, 1997An electric power transmission line with protection devices against lightening overvoltages in the form of a lighting arrester with a surface discharge. Having a relatively long discharge path, the impulse lightening flashover does not lap over a power arc of operational frequency and, after passing of the lightening overvoltage impulse current, the line will continue a trouble-free operation without being disconnected. Simple and reliable arrester designs are disclosed among which are fittings with dielectric covers and insulators, integrating their direct functions with the lightening arrester's functions.

A method of driving a surface discharge plasma display panel has a reset step of applying a pulse of a first voltage to paired first and second electrodes, a write step of applying a pulse of a second voltage to second and third electrodes corresponding to cells to be turned ON, and a sustain discharge step of applying an AC pulse of a fourth voltage to the paired first and second electrodes. The pulse of the first voltage is so set that it is higher than a first discharge start voltage, a third voltage caused by the discharge is higher than the first discharge start voltage, and the first, second, and third electrodes have the same potential after the application of the pulse of the first voltage. Therefore, an address discharge of the surface discharge plasma display panel can be caused by a wide range of voltages, and display quality of the panel can be improved.

A plasma display panel includes a plurality of row electrodes defining rows of a screen. The row electrodes are arranged at intervals so that adjacent row electrodes are capable of serving as an electrode pair for generating a surface discharge. Each of the row electrodes includes a belt-shaped base extending along the full length of the screen in a direction of the rows and protrusions extending from the base toward an adjacent row electrode in every column.

A method for controlling the surrounding rock of the side coal seam roadway in the goaf of the fully-mechanized caving face. According to the geology of the fully-mechanized caving face measured on site and the mine pressure data of the adjacent mining face, the stability of the large structure of the overlying rock mass on the roadway is analyzed. Determine the width of the narrow coal pillar reserved on the side of the goaf, so that the roadway is located in the area of ​​relatively low vertical stress in the coal body, and the high-performance bolt support that controls the surrounding rock of the roadway forms a small load-bearing structure in the surrounding rock in the anchorage area . The small structure can make full use of the surrounding rock's own bearing capacity, and has strong adaptability to the deformation of the surrounding rock, ensuring smooth roadway support without repair, low bolt support cost, fast speed, and low labor intensity; it is compatible with large coal pillar roadway protection Compared with the narrow coal pillar protection roadway, the method reduces the loss of coal resources, improves the recovery rate of fully mechanized caving mining, and has good economic and social benefits.

A surface-discharge type display device is provided that can reduce power consumption during sustain discharge and suppress the occurrence of illumination failures. A display electrode and a display scan electrode are aligned on a substrate, and a dielectric layer is formed on the substrate so as to cover the display electrode and the display scan electrode. An area having a lower relative permittivity than the dielectric layer is formed in an area surrounded on three sides by the display electrode, the display scan electrode, and the substrate. The dielectric layer allows sufficient wall charges for surface discharge to be accumulated, whereas the lower relative permittivity area allows the capacitance between the display electrode and the display scan electrode to be decreased. Accordingly, the power consumption during sustain discharge is reduced without causing illumination failures.

The invention relates to a liquid electrode surface discharge plasma reactor which is used for water treatment and consists of a flume, a discharge electrode system and a wastewater region, wherein, the discharge electrode system is positioned at the center of the flume, wastewater exists around the insulating medium tube of the discharge electrode system, the discharge electrode system is connected with the high pressure terminal of an alternating current high voltage source, the wastewater is taken as the liquid electrode which is connected with the low pressure terminal of the alternating current high voltage source, or the liquid electrode and the low pressure terminal of the alternating current high voltage source are simultaneously connected with ground wires, and aeration gas enters from the upper end of the insulating medium tube of the discharge electrode system, is ejected out from an aeration head at the lower end and then flows into the wastewater. When electricity is supplied by power, surface discharge plasma is produced on the inner wall of the medium tube, active materials are generated when the aeration gas passes through, and the active materials degrade pollutants in water and then treat the water. The liquid electrode surface discharge plasma reactor has the advantages of simple structure, high water treatment effect, low initial investment and small operation cost.

A surface discharge air cleaning device includes an insulating dielectric body, a discharge electrode formed at the upper surface of the insulating dielectric body, and a ground electrode formed at the lower surface of the insulating dielectric body, the discharge electrode being formed of a closed pattern and at least one non-pattern part, at which the electrode is not formed being disposed in the closed pattern, therefore a uniform and stable plasma formation is accomplished, and the number of hydroxyl radicals and negative ions is increased while the amount of ozone is decreased.

The invention relates to a handheld plasma beauty device. The device comprises a power supply unit and a plasma generator, wherein an inverter booster module of the power supply unit is used for inverting and boosting low-voltage direct current provided by a power module in the power supply unit and then outputting high-voltage alternating current to a metal plate; the metal plate of the plasma generator is used for ionizing air under atmospheric pressure and generating plasma by surface discharge; and the plasma acts on human face through a metal net and a porous plate of the plasma generator. The power supply unit of the device is integrated at the tail of the whole device, so that the device is small, portable and economic. The plasma generated by surface discharge is uniform, stable and large in area, and is very suitable for face aesthetic nursing such as dispelling speckles and wrinkles, removing whelks and the like. The whole device made in an arc shape is convenient to hold, can be operated under the atmospheric pressure, and is economic and convenient by using external air as working gas.

A surface discharge non-thermal plasma reactor includes a plurality of surface discharge reactor elements arranged in a stack and having a surface discharge gap formed between adjacent pairs of elements. Individual surface discharge elements include a dielectric substrate having disposed thereon first and second polarity surface discharge electrodes. Surface discharge electrode patterns and substrate configurations are provided to selectively control the volume of nitric oxide (NO) produced from a nitrogen-containing gas stream being treated in the reactor. In a preferred embodiment, surface discharge electrode and dielectric substrate configurations are arranged to maximize the production of NO. The surface discharge electrodes and substrates are combined and connected to a power supply to form various embodiments such as reactor stacks having a plurality of positive surface discharge gaps, reactor stacks having a plurality of negative surface discharge gaps, and reactor stacks having a plurality of alternating positive and negative surface discharge gaps.

A plasma display device is provided which is capable of solving a problem that luminance of a black display caused by light emitted by pre-discharge and pre-erasing discharge is high, of enhancing a contrast ratio by lowering display luminance, of reducing discharge currents that flow by writing discharge without lowering display luminance. By dividing surface discharge electrodes on a side where writing discharge is made to occur into first and second portions, writing discharge to select a state of being displayed or being non-displayed is made to occur by using only the first portion. Then, sustaining discharge to realize light-emission for displaying is made to occur by using the first and second portions. This causes currents that flow by writing discharge to decrease and writing operations to be performed in a stable manner. Since no reduction in currents that flow by sustaining discharge occurs, displaying at high luminance can be maintained.

Systems and methods for discontinuously applying an insulating primer to a carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) component are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method for mitigating electrical surface discharges from a CFRP component includes first applying an insulating primer to a metallic component. Next, an insulating primer is applied discontinuously to the CFRP component adjacent the metallic component. The discontinuous application of the insulating primer forms a primed portions and unprimed portions. The unprimed portions are configured to enable electrostatic dissipation.

An AC surface discharge plasma display panel and a method for driving the same are provided. In the method for driving the AC surface discharge plasma display panel according to the present invention, a parallel driving method is used, which is known to have better brightness characteristics than a separate driving method in which the addressing is separate from the discharge sustaining, in which the addressing and discharge sustaining are simultaneously performed. Periods between the discharge sustaining pulses applied to the scanning electrodes and the common electrodes are set as the address time slots periods, a plurality of data pulses are applied in the address time slot periods, and a number of common electrodes equal to the number of data pulses are wired as one common electrode group and are driven by the same signal, in order to solve the restrictions on the number of the horizontal scanning lines which can be scanned, which is a defect of conventional parallel drive methods.

A plasma generating apparatus is provided which uses slipping surface discharge and microwave to generate a large quantity of plasma in a different gases or gaseous mixtures (including electro-negative gases) in a wide range of gas pressure (from a deep vacuum up to atmospheric pressure). The plasma generating apparatus includes high voltage pulse means for generating a high voltage pulse, plasma generating means based on the slipping surface discharge which excites as the high voltage pulse generated by high voltage pulse generating means, is supplied, microwave generating means for generating a microwave radiation for producing plasma, a chamber in which the plasma generating means are placed, and the plasma collects, the chamber receiving the microwave radiation from the microwave generating means, and a gas inlet through which a specific gas flows into the chamber, to generate a large quantity of plasma according to the plasma generating means and microwave generating means.

The present invention relates to an AC drive surface discharge type plasma display panel having an isosceles delta array type pixel. The background art has a problem of being apt to cause a wrong writing discharge and having a narrow writing voltage margin. Then, in the present invention, transparent electrodes for X electrode (T3, T4) in first and second pair subpixel regions (PSPR1, PSPR2) of an isosceles delta array type pixel (P1) are provided at portions farther away from a first write electrode (Wj(B)) in an isolated subpixel region (ISPR). Specifically, a central axis of the third transparent electrode (T3) along a vertical direction (v) is positioned closer to an extending portion (WAE) of a second write electrode (Wj(A)) from a vertical direction central axis of the first pair subpixel region (PSPR1). Similarly, a vertical direction central axis of the fourth transparent electrode (T4) is positioned closer to an extending portion (WCE) of a third write electrode (Wj(C)) from a vertical direction central axis of the second pair subpixel region (PSPR2). The present invention is mainly used for a display device such as a plasma television.

The invention relates to a device for the treatment of free-form areas and zones of human or animal skin areas or plant surfaces by means of cold atmospheric-pressure plasma. The core of the device is a specific, preferably gas-permeable, electrode arrangement for generating a dielectrically impeded surface discharge where the earthed electrode is composed of electrically conductive textile material and the high-voltage electrode consists of a thin wire or electrically conductive thread which is sheathed with an insulting layer which has to meet specific requirements. On the basis of the present invention, it is possible to generate, in the area of diseased skin parts of the human body, in direct proximity to the skin surface or to wounds, a flat plasma for the treatment of the diseased areas which is acceptable in respect of the stress on the skin caused by temperature and electric potentials. The advantage of the gas-permeable textile sheet-like structure consists especially in that the arrangement can be placed flexibly onto variously curved surfaces and, in addition, offers the possibility of a gas exchange with the environment and / or the targeted dosing of a specific process gas mixture across the textile material into the active plasma zone.

The invention relates to a non-contact measurement method for the surface discharge pulse peak of a high-voltage insulator. The non-contact measurement method comprises the steps of firstly processing an ultraviolet image, which is shot by an ultraviolet imaging instrument, of an insulator string, extracting the maximum horizontal light spot diameter D of the ultraviolet image, then modifying the maximum horizontal light spot diameter D to a light spot diameter Dd0 at a certain unified shooting distance d0 through normalization processing, and finally substituting the light spot diameter Dd0 into a discharge regression equation I=K.Dd0+L so as to acquire the discharge pulse peak I, wherein K and L are constants. According to the invention, the normalized maximum horizontal light spot diameter is taken as a characteristic value so as to carry out quantitative analysis on the surface discharge pulse peak of the high-voltage insulator. The method is not only applicable to a single insulator, but also applicable to an insulator string. The method eliminates influences imposed on a measurement result by the shooting distance, can provide reliable information for security state assessment of the insulator and flashover early warning, and ensures an electric power system to operate safely and stably.

A gas treatment method is actualized by arranging a plurality of photocatalyst members each including photocatalyst, solid substance, and catalyst in a region of non-equilibrium plasma, which is produced using a surface discharge electrode and into which a treated gas such as an exhaust gas and a harmful gas including harmful chemical substances is introduced and is then subjected to decomposition. The surface discharge electrode comprises a ground electrode, an insulator encompassing the ground electrode, and a plurality of surface electrodes that are arranged relative to the ground electrode via the insulator, by which the non-equilibrium plasma is produced upon electrification. A gas treatment apparatus is constituted by arranging a plurality of surface discharge electrodes, each having a plurality of through holes penetrating in a thickness direction, between which a plurality of photocatalyst members are arranged.

Disclosed is an improved surface discharge element comprising a dielectric substrate having a discharge electrode on one surface and an inductive electrode on the other surface of the substrate, at least said discharge electrode being of a thick film conductor including conductive powder and lead-free glass as main constituents. The lead-free discharge electrode is physically resistive to erosion by electric discharge, and accordingly it can have an elongated life in use.

For improvement in the performance of a PDP, a dielectric layer, deposited on the inner face of the front glass substrate of the PDP and covering row electrode pairs, is formed of a dielectric material having a relative dielectric constant of 9 or less, and a protective layer overlying the dielectric layer includes a magnesium oxide crystal causing a cathode-luminescence emission having a peak within a wavelength range of 200 nm to 300 nm upon excitation by electron beams, and discharge gas filling the discharge space includes 10% or more xenon by volume.

A method of driving a plasma display panel, which includes controlling a charge state of a first display line being one of the two adjacent display lines utilizing the same single scan electrode, such that address discharge is not generated and controlling a charge state of a second display line being the other of the two adjacent display lines, such that address discharge can be generated, and then generating address discharge in the second display line, controlling the charge state of the second display line such that address discharge is not generated and controlling the charge state of the first display line such that the address discharge can be generated, and then generating address discharge in the first display line, and generating surface discharge simultaneously in the first and second display lines, thereby to achieve progressive display.

Provided is a board for ion generation that is capable of generating negative ions with much better efficiency and in an amount larger than that of positive ions. In the board for ion generation, a discharge electrode is formed on one principal surface of a substrate formed of ceramics, an induction electrode is formed on another principal surface of the substrate, the discharge electrode and the induction electrode being disposed opposite to each other, a first protective layer and a second protective layer are formed so as to cover the discharge electrode and the induction electrode, respectively. Surface discharge is generated on a surface of the first protective layer by applying an AC voltage between the discharge electrode and induction electrode, and positive ions and negative ions are alternately generated in the air. In the board for ion generation, the porosity of the substrate is 5 to 10 vol. %.

Addressing and sustaining of a surface discharge AC plasma display panel by applying addressing voltages to at least one section of the panel while at least one other section of the panel is being simultaneously sustained.