The invention relates to a shape memory alloy blocking nut and its preparing process. The raw materials for the nut comprise the following components(in % by weight): C 0.01-0.05, Mn 15.0-17.0, Si 4.8-5.2, Cr8.5-9.5, Ni 6.5-7.5, P 0.01-0.03, S 0.01-0.02, N 0.03-0.05, and Fe 60.65-65.05. The preparing process comprises: (1) preparing the raw materials and rolling to obtain the iron-base shape memory alloy rod stocks with outside hexagon strip and inner circular hole; (2) solution treatment for the rod stocks: keeping the temperature of 950K. to 1150K. for 30 min to 60 min; (3) shape memory training for the rod stocks; (4) cutting the rod stocks to nut blanks, and processing the inner circular hole according to the given size of 94% to 96%; (5) reaming the nut to given size for completing the stress induced martensitic transformation of the nut; (6) fine machining for the internal thread; (7) pre-tightening the nut according to the estimated force moment, keeping the temperature of 500K to 800K for 15min to 45min, and carrying out the annealing treatment.