170 results about "Solid state circuit breaker" patented technology

A hybrid air-gap / solid-state device protection device (PD) for use in an electrical power distribution system includes an air-gap disconnect unit connected in series with a solid-state device, a sense and drive circuit, and a microcontroller. Upon the sense and drive circuit detecting an impending fault or exceedingly high and unacceptable overvoltage condition in the PD's load circuit, the sense and drive circuit generates a gating signal that quickly switches the solid-state device OFF. Meanwhile, the microcontroller generates a disconnect pulse for the air-gap disconnect unit, which responds by forming an air gap in the load circuit. Together, the switched-OFF solid-state device and air gap protect the load and associated load circuit from being damaged. They also serve to electrically and physically isolate the source of the fault or overload condition from the remainder of the electrical power distribution system.

A power management and monitoring system for controlling an electrical device powered by a power supply is disclosed. The system may include a circuit breaker enclosure box structured to monitor and manage power to the electrical device via a centralized data bus and centralized power bus. The circuit breaker enclosure box may include at least a remotely actuated solid state electronic circuit breaker (ECB) that monitors and manages power to the electrical device and a switch connected to the ECB and capable or remotely bypassing the ECB. The system may also include a display and controller that can remotely monitor and control the electrical device by remotely actuating the ECB.

A high-speed, solid-state circuit breaker is capable of interrupting high DC currents without generating an arc, and it is maintenance-free. Both the switch and the tripping unit are solid-state, which meet precise protection requirements. The high-speed, solid-state DC circuit breaker uses an emitter turn-off (ETO) thyristor as the switch. The ETO thyristor has an anode, a cathode and first, second and third gate electrodes. The anode is connectable to a source of DC current, and the cathode is connectable to a load. A solid-state trip circuit is connected to the first, second and third gate electrodes for controlling interrpution of DC current to the load by turning off said ETO thyristor.

The invention discloses a resonance type DC solid circuit breaker which belongs to a solid circuit breaker and comprises a DC power supply, a main switching unit A, an auxiliary switching unit B and a load, wherein the main switching unit A comprises a main switching thyristor and a main switching power diode; the auxiliary switching unit B comprises a first thyristor, a second thyristor, a third thyristor, a fourth thyristor, a first inductor, a second inductor, an energy-storing impulse capacitor and an auxiliary switching power diode. The invention improves the capacity of the breaker, lowers the cost, realizes the soft starting (shutoff) of a solid switch, and improves the reliability of the breaker.

In an electrical distribution system including a solid-state circuit breaker (SSCB) and one or more downstream mechanical circuit breakers (CBs), a solid-state switching device in the SSCB is repeatedly switched ON and OFF during a short circuit event, to reduce a root-mean-square (RMS) value of the short circuit current. The resulting pulsed short circuit current is regulated in a hysteresis control loop, to limit the RMS to a value low enough to prevent the SSCB from tripping prematurely but high enough to allow one of the downstream mechanical CBs to trip and isolate the short circuit. Pulsing is allowed to continue for a maximum short circuit pulsing time. Only if none of the downstream mechanical CBs is able to trip to isolate the short circuit within the maximum short circuit pulsing time is the SSCB allowed to trip.

A solid-state circuit interrupter and arc prevention device (SSI / APD) is disclosed. The SSI / APD is designed to be configured in series with a mechanical circuit breaker and serves to interrupt current flowing through the circuit it is protecting upon a short circuit being detected or if an overload has persisted for an inordinate amount of time. The SSI / APD is capable of detecting and responding to faults in a matter of microseconds and detects and responds to faults on its own, without requiring the mechanical circuit breaker to trip. The mechanical circuit breaker can be optionally tripped after the SSI / APD has opened the circuit. However, the mechanical circuit breaker is tripped only after the SSI / APD has interrupted the circuit, so electrical arcing across the circuit breaker's contacts is avoided. The SSI / APD can also be reset remotely after a fault has been cleared, obviating the need for a person to be present to reset it.

A solid-state circuit breaker (SSCB) with self-diagnostic, self-maintenance, and self-protection capabilities includes: a power semiconductor device; an air gap disconnect unit connected in series with the power semiconductor device; a sense and drive circuit that switches the power semiconductor device OFF upon detecting a short circuit or overload of unacceptably long duration; and a microcontroller unit (MCU) that triggers the air gap disconnect unit to form an air gap and galvanically isolate an attached load, after the sense and drive circuit switches the power semiconductor device OFF. The MCU is further configured to monitor the operability of the air gap disconnect unit, the power semiconductor device, and other critical components of the SSCB and, when applicable, take corrective actions to prevent the SSCB and the connected load from being damaged or destroyed and / or to protect persons and the environment from being exposed to hazardous electrical conditions.

The invention provides a direct current micro grid topology design method based on DC-DC (Direct Current-Direct Current) sectionalizers and belongs to the technical field of micro grid. In an annular direct current micro grid topology, a plurality of direct current micro grid sectionalizers based on high frequency isolation DC / DC conversion (short for DC-DC sectionalizers) are arranged for replacing solid circuit breakers. A direct current micro grid wire frame is of an annular structure, and an annular busbar is divided into a plurality of segments and a plurality of voltage levels. Adjacent busbar segments are connected through the DC-DC sectionalizers or circuit breakers so as to form a power supply layout with multiple segmentations and multiple connections. The DC-DC sectionalizers are of a dual full bridge topology structure, and are subjected to alternating current coupling through high-frequency transformers. The direct current micro grid topology design method has the advantages that on the aspects such as electric isolation, power flow control and connection among busbars with different voltage levels, the method has obvious superiority, the response speed is rapid and the sensitivity is high. When a direct current busbar or device has a fault, the DC-DC sectionalizers are not affected by capacitance instantaneous discharge, the faulted busbar is isolated, the power failure range is reduced as far as possible, and the reliability of the system is improved.

A solid-state circuit breaker for a DC power system which may operate unidirectional and bidirectional and does not require an external power supply to provide current interruption protection during an event of a short circuit fault.

The invention provides a solid-state circuit breaker RCD buffer circuit integrating fault locating function and a fault point detection method. The solid-state circuit breaker RCD buffer circuit comprises a RCD buffer circuit. One end of a capacitor Cs is connected with a collector of V1, the other end of the capacitor Cs is connected with a resistor Rs and the anode of a diode Ds, and the other end of the resistor Rs is connected with signal ground. One end of a relay Ts is connected with the cathode of the diode Ds, the other end of the relay Ts is connected with the collector of V2 and shares a control signal with an isolation switch T for controlling connection when a diode Ds branch plays buffering effect and disconnection during a fault positioning process. Accurate positioning of a fault point can be realized by controlling the action of an isolation switch, a relay and a solid-state circuit breaker while effectively suppressing the over-voltage shutdown. The solid-state circuit breaker RCD buffer circuit is used for the rapid troubleshooting of a DC microgrid to ensure the reliability and security of a system, improve the utilization of the device and reduce the size and cost of a protection device. The topology is simple, and the application feasibility is ensured.

The invention discloses a high-power hybrid type direct current circuit breaker. The high-power hybrid type direct current circuit breaker comprises a mechanical circuit breaker, a solid-state circuit breaker, an explosion switch and an energy dissipation resistor, wherein the mechanical circuit breaker comprises a rapid breaking circuit breaker and a rapid isolation switch; the solid-state circuit breaker comprises a low-voltage solid-state circuit breaker and a high-voltage solid-state circuit breaker; the rapid isolation switch is connected with the low-voltage solid-state circuit breaker in series to form a first-stage current transfer branch; the high-voltage solid-state circuit breaker forms a second-stage current transfer branch; and the rapid breaking circuit breaker is connected with the first-stage current transfer branch and the second-stage current transfer branch in parallel separately to form a main protection switch unit, then is connected with a backup protection unit which is formed by the explosion switch in series, and finally is connected with an energy dissipation branch which is formed by an energy consumption resistor unit in parallel. The high-power hybrid type direct current circuit breaker has a high-power and high-capacity direct current breaking capability, simple control and high system reliability, and can be applied to the fields of a quench protection switch of a superconducting magnet system or a direct current circuit breaker in a direct current power transmission and distribution network, and the like.

A power conversion circuit having a solid-state circuit breaker integrated therein is disclosed. With a disconnect switch between a utility source and the power conversion apparatus described for meeting UL489, the power conversion circuit includes an input connectable to an AC source, a rectifier circuit connected to the input to convert an AC power input to a DC power, and a DC link coupled to the rectifier circuit to receive the DC power therefrom. The rectifier circuit comprises a plurality of phase legs each including thereon an upper switching unit and a lower switching unit, wherein at least one of the upper and lower switching units on each phase leg comprises a bi-directional switching unit that selectively controls current and withstands voltage in both directions, so as to provide a circuit breaking capability that selectively interrupts current flow through the rectifier circuit, while maintaining original power conversion functionalities.

The invention provides a power electronic transformer substation. The high voltage side of the power electronic transformer substation is directly connected into a high voltage alternating current bus; one end of the low voltage side of the power electronic transformer substation is directly connected into a low voltage alternating current bus, the other end of the low voltage side of the power electronic transformer substation is directly connected into a low voltage direct current bus through a solid breaker; the high voltage alternating current bus comprises an alternating current inlet wire with a solid breaker; the low voltage alternating current bus comprises alternating current outlet wires provided with a solid breaker and a combination switch respectively; the low voltage direct current bus comprises a direct current outlet wire with a solid breaker; a control system of the transformer substation comprises a transformer substation dispatching layer, an inner-device coordination protecting layer and a single device control protecting layer. Compared with the prior art, the power electronic transformer substation has the advantages that rapid isolation of faults is achieved, the accurate control capability of power grids is improved, and the safe and stable operation level of the power grids is improved; meanwhile, an existing structure mode of the transformer substation is changed, the sizes of main devices are reduced, allocation of the main devices is simplified, the floor area is substantially reduced, and the good expandability is achieved.

The disclosed controller includes following parts: after being rectified, the output of excitation relay connected to exciter is connected to main circuit of voltage regulator connected to the exciting winding of main generator; interface circuit of digital voltage regulator connected to the output end of the main generator; digital signal processor (DSP) and peripheral circuits. Through interface circuit, outputs of DSP and peripheral circuits are connected to main circuit of solid breaker connected to the out put end of the main generator. Being located at output end of main generator, outputs from two pieces of current test sensor are connected to digital voltage regulating interface circuit. Internal power supply circuit generates all operational power supplies needed by control circuits. Comparing with prior art, the invention solves issue of arc occurred in breaker, raises speed of switching response of breaker, reduces number of replaceable parts, and simplifies structure.

The invention discloses a high-power hybrid DC circuit breaker bidirectionally switched on and switched off. The high-power hybrid DC circuit breaker comprises a mechanical bypass circuit breaker, a solid-state circuit breaker, an explosion switch and an energy shift resistor, wherein the mechanical bypass circuit breaker and the solid-state circuit breaker are connected in parallel to form a quenching main protection branch, then are connected in series with a backup protection unit comprising the explosion switch and finally are connected in parallel with the energy shift resistor. The high-power hybrid DC circuit breaker can be applied to a high-power DC power supply system, and is used as a system protection circuit breaker such as a high-power circuit breaker required by the technical field of quenching protection of a superconducting magnet system in a superconducting fusion device, a DC short-circuit protection circuit breaker of a DC power transmission and distribution network and the technical field of pulse power. The system is novel and reliable in structure, and the high-power hybrid DC circuit breaker is an effective way for achieving high-power DC switch-on and switch-off and rapid energy transfer.

The invention relates to a power electronic transformer substation. The power electronic transformer substation comprises a plurality of power inlet wires, each of the power inlet wires is connected with an inlet wire side bus through a first solid state breaker, for each power inlet wire, a voltage transformer is connected on the inlet wire side bus in parallel, a second solid state breaker is arranged on the inlet wire side bus between two inlet wires, each inlet wire is further connected with an outlet wire side bus through a third solid state breaker, a power electronic transformer and a fourth solid state breaker, a fifth solid state breaker is arranged on the outlet wire side bus between two inlet wires, for each inlet wire, the outlet wire side bus leads out three power outlet wires, and a voltage transformer is connected on the outer side of each of the three power outlet wires in parallel, and a sixth solid state breaker is arranged on each power outlet. Except regular functions, the power electronic transformer substation can achieve rapid isolation of failure, improve precise control ability of a power grid, improve safe and stable operation level of the power grid, and meanwhile, change the existing structure form of a transformer substation, reduce the size of a main equipment, simplify the configuration of the main equipment, and greatly reduce occupied space.

A solid state circuit-breaker switch has a first solid state switch coupled to a positive terminal of a high voltage source, a second solid state switch coupled to a return terminal of the high voltage source, and a diode connected between the switches. A load is coupled between the switches and in parallel with the diode such that voltage transients across the load are limited during turn of conditions. Related methods of operating the switch during turn-on and turn-off events within rated current operation are described, as are turn-on and turn-off events in overload conditions.

The invention relates to a bi-directional DC solid-state circuit breaker. The bi-directional DC solid-state circuit breaker comprises a three-coil transformer module, a first diode, a second diode, afirst thyristor, a second thyristor and a capacitor; the circuit topology adopts the three-coil transformer to realize the bi-directional flow of the energy; the circuit topology realizes the common-group of the power supply and the load, and facilitates the practical popularization; a semiconductor switch component used in the circuit topology is less, the complexity of the circuit is reduced, and the cost is reduced.

The invention discloses a direct-current solid-state circuit breaker with a continuous current circuit. The direct-current solid-state circuit breaker comprises a positive circuit breaker and a negative circuit breaker which are of the same structure and are installed at the positive pole and the negative pole of a flexible direct-current system respectively; the positive circuit breaker comprises a positive circuit breaker circuit and a positive continuous current circuit; the input end of the positive circuit breaker circuit is connected with the input end of the positive circuit breaker, the output end of the positive circuit breaker circuit is connected with the output end of the positive circuit breaker after being connected with one end of the positive continuous current circuit, and the other end of the positive continuous current circuit is grounded; the negative circuit breaker comprises a negative circuit breaker circuit and a negative continuous current circuit, the input end of the negative circuit breaker circuit is connected with the input end of the negative circuit breaker, the output end of the negative circuit breaker circuit is connected with the output end of the negative circuit breaker after being connected with one end of the negative continuous current circuit, and the other end of the negative continuous current circuit is grounded. Through the scheme, the generation of cut-off overvoltage can be avoided, and a brand-new technical route is provided for the development of a flexible direct-current system direct-current circuit breaker.

The invention provides a DC solid state breaker and a power distribution system. The DC solid state breaker includes a short circuit protection unit, a charge switch unit and a main switch unit. The protection unit includes a first energy storage capacitor, a first current limiting inductor, a first power diode, a second energy storage capacitor, a second current limiting inductor and a second power diode. The charge switch unit includes a first charge branch circuit and a second charge branch circuit. The main switch unit includes at least one main switch thyristor. The energy storage capacitance and the resonance parameters used in the DC solid state breaker are designed in the reference of overcurrent protection requirements. Therefore, the size and the cost of the DC solid state breaker can be reduced substantially and the reliability of the DC solid breaker is also improved.

A circuit including a source, a load, and an isolation circuit for controllably isolating the load from the source. The isolation circuit is disposed between the source and the load. The isolation circuit includes at least one insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) and at least one gate turn-off thyristor (GTO) in parallel with the insulated-gate bipolar transistor. When no fault condition exists, the GTO is configured to be ON to couple the load to the source. When a fault condition exists, the at least one IGBT is configured to turn ON. After the at least one IGBT turns ON, the at least one GTO is configured to turn OFF. After a predetermined amount of time, reflecting the post fabrication alteration to the GTO's minority carrier lifetime (e.g. electron irradiation), after the at least one GTO turns OFF, the at least one IGBT is configured to turn OFF. Alternatively, the circuit is used as an inverter switch, where at the command to turn ON is supplied, the at least one IGBT is turned ON, followed by the at least one SGTO. When commanded to turn OFF the at least one SGTO is turned OFF followed by the at least one IGBT. This alternative configuration allows the robust, controllable switching speeds of IGBTs and the superior conduction efficiency of SGTOs. The two configurations mentioned above utilize a wide range of SGTO performance, thus the ability to control the SGTOs turn-off speed by reducing its minority carrier lifetime after the device is processed is of large importance. The efficiency of all uses of the circuit can be optimized with the judicious selection of SGTO minority carrier lifetime and the ratio of active area between the SGTO and IGBT devices. In all cases there is a balance between the time the circuit can achieve hard turn-off without current commutation, the conduction efficiency of the circuit and the maximum amount of controllable current. In all cases both the conduction efficiency of the circuit is higher than an IGBT-only based circuit, and the switching performance is higher than a GTO-only based circuit.

An isolation disconnect assembly for an insulated gate bipolar transistor assembly is provided. The isolation disconnect assembly includes a conductor assembly and a clinch joint magnetic actuator.

The invention discloses a self-power direct current solid state circuit breaker based on a normal open type SiC device, belonging to the electrical equipment and electrical engineering technical field, and comprises a normal open type SiC power switch tube, a negative pressure turn-off circuit and an absorption circuit. The circuit breaker is characterized by employing the normal open type SiC power switch tube, and realizing overcurrent protection by detecting the drain-source voltage of the power switch tube; and utilizing the drain-source voltage under a fault state as the input power source of the negative pressure turn-off circuit, and realizing the self-power of the circuit breaker. Compared with a traditional solid state circuit breaker, the solid state circuit breaker of the invention does not need complex functional circuits such as a current detection device, a signal conditioning circuit and an auxiliary source circuit, thereby reducing the loss of the solid state circuit breaker, and increasing the response speed of the solid state circuit breaker.

The invention discloses a hybrid direct-current solid state circuit breaker. The hybrid direct-current solid state circuit breaker comprises an isolating switch SW, a circuit reactor L, a main switchcircuit T, an absorption circuit and a control system; one end of the isolating switch SW is connected with an external direct current power supply, and the other end of the isolating switch SW is connected with the circuit reactor L; the main switch circuit T is composed of a semiconductor device T1; a positive end of the semiconductor device T1 is connected with the circuit reactor L, and a negative end of the semiconductor device T1 is connected with an external load; the absorption circuit consists of a diode D, an absorption capacitor C, an absorption capacitor voltage stabilizing deviceCH and an energy discharge resistor R; and the control system includes a current detection unit and a signal processing unit. The invention further discloses a control method of the hybrid direct-current solid state circuit breaker. According the hybrid direct-current solid state circuit breaker and the control method thereof, the absorption capacitor voltage stabilizing device is adopted to preset an absorption capacitor voltage, so an additional short-circuit current generated by an absorption loop and a voltage spike on the absorption capacitor when the semiconductor device is turned off are effectively limited; and after the absorption capacitor voltage stabilizing device stops to work, the self discharge can be implemented by the system to guarantee the safety.

The invention discloses a DC solid state circuit breaker, which comprises a thyristor switch module, a commutation circuit, a crowbar circuit and a controller, wherein the commutation circuit is a T source impedance network; the crowbar circuit is composed of a controllable power electronic switch and a resistor R in series connection; the controllable power electronic switch control signal output end of the controller is connected with the control signal input end of the controllable power electronic switch; the thyristor control signal output end of the controller is connected with the control signal input end of the thyristor switch module; and the thyristor switch module, the commutation circuit and the crowbar circuit are in series connection. The method of the invention can solve problems such as time delay caused as the traditional circuit breaker has a slow breaking speed, detection, judgment, control and the like are needed for short circuit protection, ensures the DC system to be reliably cut off in the case of failure, and enhances reliability of the system.

The present invention discloses a DC solid-state circuit breaker with self-adapt fault current limiting capability. The topology of the DC solid-state circuit breaker is a H-bridge circuit consisting of two unidirectional breakable bridge arms and two series-connected diode bridge arms, wherein the two unidirectional breakable bridge arms are connected in series to the two series-connected diode bridge arms in a same direction to form two series branches, respectively; the series branches are connected in parallel; a series branch formed by a DC reactor L and a DC biased power supply is connected to the PCC between the two unidirectional breakable bridge arms and the PCC between the two series-connected diode bridge arms; the DC line is connected to the two PCCs, respectively.

The present invention belongs to the electronic technology field, in particular relates to a cathode short MOS-controlled thyristor-based DC solid state circuit breaker. The cathode short MOS-controlled thyristor-based DC solid state circuit breaker of the present invention mainly comprises a main loop composed of a DC power supply, a cathode short MOS-controlled thyristor (CS-MCT) (M1) and a load, a current commutation loop composed of the DC power supply, a capacitor C, an inductor L, a CS-MCT(M2) and diodes (D1 and D2), a current detection unit composed of a current sampling resistor R andan amplifier and a grid control unit, and is characterized by adopting the CS-MCT having the low conduction resistance and high di / dt capability as a switching tube, combining the current detection unit and the grid control unit to realize the short circuit current sampling and the control signal feedback, and utilizing the shunting action of the current commutation loop to interrupt a short circuit current rapidly. Compared with a conventional solid state circuit breaker, the CS-MCT-based DC solid state circuit breaker of the present invention has the advantages of being low in power consumption and fast in response speed.

A distributed electrical power system includes a first AC generator configured for supplying an AC voltage; a second AC generator configured for supplying the AC electrical voltage; an AC power distribution network connected to the first AC generator and the second AC generator for receiving the AC voltage, the AC power distribution network including a two or four-wire AC power distribution circuit; at least one (solid state circuit breaker (SSCB) module remotely located for receiving the AC voltage from the power distribution network; a system controller connected to a data bus for controlling operation of the at least one power distribution module; and at least one contactor for selectively switching supply of the AC voltage to the at least one power distribution module from either the first AC generator or the second AC generator upon failure of either of the first AC generator or the second AC generator.