The invention discloses polygene detection primers for predicting a risk of a distant recurrence of early breast cancer and belongs to the technical field of molecular diagnosis. The polygenes comprise BUB1B, BLM, TPX2, DTX2, PIM1, OBSL1, YWHAB, CLCA2, SF3B5, ESR1 and ERBB2. Primer sequences are shown as SEQ ID NO.1-22. The primers have good specificity, all amplicons generated by a PCR amplification are short, and detection sensitivity of RNA extracted from an FFPE sample can be enhanced. The invention further discloses a method for predicting a risk of a distant recurrence of early breast cancer. The relative expression quantity of the polygenes in the FFPE sample is quantified through SEQ ID NO.1-28, a statistical method of a distant recurrence genetic model is established, the risk of the distant recurrence of the early breast cancer can be predicted, patients with low-risk and high-risk breast cancer are divided, and guidance is provided for treatment of postoperative breast cancer.