68 results about "Conical scanning" patented technology

A method and apparatus is provided for scanning an object, featuring scanning an incident beam in a substantially curved scan pattern; and moving an object at a predetermined rate along an axis substantially orthogonal to a plane of the curved scan pattern so that a two dimensional image can be formed by successive passes of a circularly scanned spot. In particular, a laser beam scans around an objective lens at a fixed radius RL with a fixed input angle θd. When scanned in this manner, the laser beam before the objective lens forms a “cone” of directions (so herein it is referred to as a “conical scan”). Scanning in this fashion produces the curved scan pattern at the object (substrate). By moving the object (substrate) at the predetermined rate along the axis orthogonal to the plane of the curved scan pattern, the two dimensional image can be formed by successive passes of the circularly scanned spot.

A measurement device, such as a laser radar, is described that comprises a transmitter portion for transmitting radiation to a remote probe volume, a receiver portion for detecting radiation returned from the remote probe volume and a processor for analysing the detected return radiation. The device is suitable for transmitting and receiving radiation through a window portion having associated window cleaning apparatus (e.g. wiper 62) for cleaning said window portion in response to a cleaning activation signal. The processor is arranged to generate a cleaning activation signal for activating window cleaning apparatus when the properties of said detected return radiation are indicative of a reduction in transmission through at least part of said window portion. In one embodiment, a conically scanned lidar is described that generates a cleaning activation signal when the power of detected return radiation varies as a function of the angle of transmission of radiation from the device.

The invention provides a method for estimating and accurately tracking the satellite position by using a reflector antenna. The method is different from the conventional communication antenna monopulse self-tracking or program-guided tracking methods. The method is realized by controlling the antenna mechanical axis to perform conical scanning around the satellite. The main steps are as follows: driving the antenna to perform azimuth and pitch scanning, recording the angular position information of the antenna and AGC voltage while scanning, and roughly estimating the satellite approximate position; driving the antenna to point to the satellite approximate position and perform conical scanning around the approximate position by an antenna control unit; according to the angle information and AGC voltage information output by an angle encoder during the scanning process, further estimating the satellite position by data correlation processing and the least squares method, and sending theestimation error to an antenna driving unit to realize the correction of the satellite pointing by the antenna. With the scanning and tracking going on, the method can achieve accurate tracking of satellites.

The invention discloses an unmanned-aerial-vehicle-based blue-green algae monitoring and early-warning method and system. The method comprises: (10), carrying out general investigation of a monitored water area; to be specific, collecting millimeter-wave radiation data on the way and blue-green algae location information; (20), carrying out contaminated area imaging; to be specific, carrying out key-point conical scanning to obtain a radiation image and shooting an optical image; (30), carrying out image feature extraction; to be specific, carrying out processing on the radiation image, carrying out a contrastive analysis on the processed radiation image and the optical image, and carrying out real-time monitoring; and (40), carrying out early warning of blue-green algae pollution; to be specific, determining blue-green algae pollution and generating blue-green algae pollution early warning. In addition, the system consists of an unmanned aerial vehicle monitoring platform (1) and a ground console (2) that are in remote wireless network signal connection. The unmanned aerial vehicle monitoring platform (1) carries out general investigation, detailed fixed-point investigation, and real-time monitoring on a monitored water area; and the ground console (2) controls the unmanned aerial vehicle monitoring platform (1) to determine a polluted water area, extract an image feature, and generates blue-green algae pollution early waning. The monitoring and early-warning method and system have advantages of all-time and all-weather working and high monitoring precision.

The invention discloses a method and a system for monitoring aquatic vegetation based on an unmanned aerial vehicle. The method comprises the following steps that (10), in the general investigation of the aquatic vegetation: the unmanned aerial vehicle flies above water areas along a set route, collects millimeter-wave radiometric data along the route, and transmits aquatic-vegetation radiometric data and position information in the radiometric data along the route to a ground control console; (20), in the detailed investigation of the aquatic vegetation: the ground control console preliminarily and briefly judges the water area to be intensively monitored according to the aquatic-vegetation radiometric data and the position information, and controls the unmanned aerial vehicle to carry out conical scanning on the water area to be intensively monitored, to obtain the radiometric image of the water area, meanwhile, to photograph the optical image of the water area, and to transmit the radiometric image and the optical image to the ground control console; (30), in the analysis of the aquatic vegetation: the ground control console carries out treatment on the radiometric image, carries out comparative analysis with the optical image, determines the distribution range, the polluted site and the pollution level of the aquatic vegetation, and realizes real-time monitoring. The system comprises an information collection device (2) carried in the unmanned aerial vehicle (1) and the control console (3) located on the ground. The method and the system which are provided by the invention work in all-day and all-weather manners, and high in monitoring precision.

The invention provides a signal processing method of a conical scanning high-resolution microwave scatterometer, which realizes azimuth high-resolution signal processing by the steps of echo (or internal calibration) signal acquiring, direct digital down-conversion (DDC) processing, narrowband distance filtering, distance de-chirping, distance fast Fourier transform (FFT), azimuth Doppler filtering, azimuth high-resolution processing (Doppler processing or deconvolution processing), modulus square processing, real-time frequency locating (required by fan beams but not by pencil beams), accumulating and the like. By adopting DBS or deconvolution processing in the azimuth direction, the method can improve the azimuth resolution and avoid adopting large-size antennae. The method solves the problem of distance ambiguity by adopting distance filtering and solves the problem of Doppler ambiguity by adopting azimuth filtering and can further decrease the size of the antennae so that the method can adopt DBS processing to improve the azimuth resolution in the form of small-size antennae.

The invention provides a scanning wave beam high-resolution radar scatterometer which employs a pen-shaped wave beam conical scanning system and comprises an antenna unit, a transmitter unit, a receiver unit, a signal processing and control unit, a doppler sharpening processing unit and a high resolution processing unit, wherein the antenna unit employs a narrow wave beam conical scanning system, and the transmitter unit generates linear frequency modulation pulse signals. The pulses when emitted correspond to one observation azimuth phi', and the receiver unit conducts low noise amplification, central frequency reception, mixed frequency deramping and phase demodulation processing for received pulse signals, and extracts echo signals. The digital processing and controlling unit records the observation azimuth phi' corresponding to the emitted signals, and determines the antenna oriented wave beam irradiation area of the radar scatterometer, whether on two sides of a swath or in the center of the swath, according to the magnitude of the observation azimuth phi'. Whether a doppler wave beam sharpening method or a high-sampling reconstruction method is employed is determined, and the high-resolution backward scattering coefficient is thus obtained.

The invention relates to a method for detecting a high-speed moving target by mechanical conical scanning beams. The method provided by the invention comprises the following steps of: step 1, providing a mechanical scanning radar; step 2, enabling beams of the mechanical scanning radar to direct an axis F bypassing a normal of an antenna and do a high-speed conical scanning movement, wherein the width of the beam is a and the included angle between the beam and the normal of the antenna which is directed towards the axis F is b; step 3, controlling the antenna of the mechanical scanning radarto do orientation movement and pitching movement and simultaneously carrying out the orientation movement, the pitching movement and the high-speed conical scanning movement on the scanning beams of the mechanical scanning radar, and detecting the high-speed moving target of the mechanical scanning radar in the range of the scanning beams; and step 4, feeding back a detection signal obtained by scanning the high-speed moving target to radar subsystems, such as servo, signal processing, terminal and the like. and analyzing the detection signal through the radar to finish the detection of the high-speed moving target. The method provided by the invention has the advantages of high detection precision, high detection speed, good reliability and wide application range.

The invention discloses an automatic calibration method of an installation error of an inertial navigator of an SOTM (satcom on the move) antenna. The method comprises the following steps: (A) fixingthe SOTM antenna on an outdoor swing table or a load car and starting the swing table or the load car after a satellite is tracked by the SOTM antenna; (B) projecting the angular rate of a gyroscope onto an azimuth axis, a pitch axis and a polaxis of the antenna, stabilizing the speed of the SOTM antenna and tracking the position of the satellite in a conical scanning tracking manner or a monopulse tracking manner; (C) calculating the measurement value and the measurement matrix of a recursive least squares estimator; (D) estimating the installation error of the inertial navigator and the zerobias of the gyroscope and performing feedback correction. According to the method, the installation error of the inertial navigator can be automatically calibrated, so that the requirements on the technological level of an assembly operator are reduced, and the difficulty of field maintenance is lowered.

The invention relates to a method for measuring an ocean surface flow speed by use of a real aperture radar. The real aperture radar employs a pen-form wave beam conical scanning system. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out first-time observation on a target at a first observation azimuth; carrying out second-time observation on the target at the first observation azimuth; calculating the radial speed of the target through data obtained through the observation of the target for the two times; the real aperture radar carrying out third-time observation on the target at a second azimuth; carrying out fourth-time observation on the target at the second observation azimuth; calculating the radial speed of the target through the data obtained through the observation of the target for the two times; and according to the radial speeds of the target, obtained respectively through calculation at the two observation azimuths, calculating a speed vector of an ocean surface flow.

A conical scanning method and system is provided for orienting a spacecraft with respect to a source. The system includes a spacecraft and an incidence angle sensor secured to the spacecraft to sense a signal from a source. The incidence angle sensor has a boresight that is canted with respect to the principal axis. A processor communicates with actuators on the spacecraft to adjust an attitude of the spacecraft based on information received from the incidence angle sensor and to thereby align a principal axis of the spacecraft with a direction from the spacecraft to the source. The method and system can also rely on information received from source presence sensors. The source may be the Sun, or a non-solar signal source.

Provided is a conical scanning antenna system using a nutation method. The conical scanning antenna system includes: a main reflecting unit; a sub-reflecting unit which is disposed apart from the main reflecting unit by a predetermined distance and performing a conical scanning tracking by using the nutation method; and a feeding horn which doubly reflects electromagnetic wave inputted and radiated by the main reflecting unit and the sub-reflecting unit and inputs and outputs the electromagnetic wave by electrically steering beams.

The invention relates to a method using two-support one-suspension support system to realize conical scanning; when the two-support one-suspension support system carries out a RCS test, a one-dimension rotary table is below a pitching rotation mechanism, the table surface is parallel to the ground, and the rotary table rotary shaft z is vertical to the ground; two poles are fixed on the rotary table and vertical to the rotary table surface; the two poles are mechanically connected with the plane in b and c points; a suspension rope fixed on the roof is connected with the a point on the back side of the plane, and overlaps with the rotary table axis; the plane can be fixed in the air through the a, b and c points. The other content of the invention is to use a multi-shaft linking mode to realize the conical scanning method; the rotary axis of a large scale target in a measuring process is vertical to the target self, and not vertical to the ground; compared with a conventional foam support and low scattering support, the two-support one-suspension support system is high in bearing ability, and the target erection mechanism cannot damage the target, thus providing excellent application prospects in RCS measurement of a 1:1 real equipment plane.

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus which corrects antenna noise temperature in antenna back lobes, for earth-observing microwave instruments on satellites in orbit, to counter signal contamination from celestial bodies. The antenna back lobe signal correction is computer-program-modeled with only a few static and only a few dynamic inputs, and for a given set of parameters (i.e., orbital altitude, pointing characteristics (e.g., nadir or cross-scanning or conical-scanning), frequency selectivity of the receiver / detector) produces a few output files which are then combined by the program to predict the back lobe signal correction which is to be applied.

The invention discloses a satellite-borne terahertz ice cloud nadir detector system, which comprises an antenna and scanning subsystem, a multi-frequency-band terahertz receiving channel, a calibration subsystem, a data collecting and processing platform, a control power distribution system and control and signal processing equipment, wherein the antenna and scanning subsystem, the multi-frequency-band terahertz receiving channel, the calibration subsystem, the data collecting and processing platform and the control power distribution system are installed on a detection head part; the controland signal processing equipment is installed on a satellite platform; and the detection head part carries out conical scanning, and observation for a target, observation for a thermal calibration source body and observation for cold air are successively finished in a scanning process so as to realize the scanning imaging of ice cloud and the in-orbit two-point calibration of a detector. A receiving front end design scheme of an offset paraboloid reflector and a quasi-optics feed network is adopted, and conical scanning is carried out through a rotary antenna feeder system to realize the nadirobservation of ice water particles in cloud.

Methods, systems and devices are disclosed for positioning an antenna having a sub-reflector assembly. A conical scan processor receives a period for a reference time pulse and a time tag. The processor calculates a rotation angle of the sub-reflector assembly using the received period for the reference time pulse and the received time tag. The processor may also receive a power measurement associated with the time tag. The processor may calculate and then output antenna boresight errors based on the calculated rotation angle of the sub-reflector assembly and the power measurements associated with the time tag.

A laser system for body tissue treatment has laser source, control device, scanner, and handpiece with treatment head transparent to the laser beam. An incoming laser beam section enters the treatment head longitudinally. The treatment head has a conical output surface with a minimum and a maximum surface radius and a half opening angle for total reflection of the incoming beam section. The reflected beam section is refracted radially into an emerging beam section away from the treatment head through the output surface. The incoming beam section has at the output surface a mean diameter that is ≦a difference of maximum surface radius and minimum scanning radius. A conical scanning surface as a part of the conical output surface extends from the minimum scanning radius to the maximum surface radius. The control device controls the scanner for scanning the conical scanning surface with the incoming beam section.

A conical scanning space-borne microwave radiometer system based on wireless transmission comprises a conical scanning space-borne microwave radiometer and a set of wireless transmission equipment. When the conical scanning space-borne microwave radiometer system works in a slip ring transmission mode to transmit data, the wireless transmission equipment A and the wireless transmission equipment Bare in a shutdown state, an integrated processor is connected to a slip ring through a bus interface, and at this time, the data is transmitted between the integrated processor and a detection head through the slip ring. When the conical scanning space-borne microwave radiometer system works in a wireless transmission mode to transmit the data, the wireless transmission equipment A and the wireless transmission equipment B are started and work jointly, a space communication link between the integrated processor and the detection head is established, and remote sensing data and remote controltelemetry information are transmitted between the integrated processor and the detection head. The problem of data loss or data misrepresentation due to the characteristic of transient interruption ofthe slip ring is solved, the reliability of signal transmission of the conical scanning space-borne microwave radiometer system is improved, and the in-orbit service life of the conical scanning space-borne microwave radiometer system is prolonged advantageously.

The invention discloses a hybrid scanning antenna tracking method and system based on a phased array, a terminal and a medium, and relates to the technical field of satellite communication antennae, and the main points of the technical scheme are that the method comprises the steps: detecting a theoretical adjustment azimuth angle and a theoretical adjustment pitch angle; when the theoretical adjustment azimuth angle and the theoretical adjustment pitch angle exceed the electric scanning range, determining a compensation azimuth angle and a compensation pitch angle of the phased-array antenna; controlling a mechanical platform to adjust the position of a phased-array antenna according to the compensation azimuth angle and the compensation pitch angle, and controlling phased-array beam pointing to complete coarse alignment; when the AGC level value of the received satellite signal is not greater than a threshold value, carrying out the satellite alignment through a picture frame search algorithm, and controlling the mechanical platform to adjust the position of the phased-array antenna to complete fine alignment; and after fine alignment, scanning and tracking the target satellite through conical scanning and tracking. According to the invention, the phased-array antenna can be quickly aligned and tracked in real time, and the antenna is ensured to have a better array surface index while real-time tracking is completed.

The invention discloses a turbulence parameter inversion method based on wind speed data of a laser radar. The method comprises the steps that the laser radar is controlled to adopt a discontinuous conical scanning mode to obtain a radial wind speed; the radial wind speed and related angle parameters during discontinuous conical scanning are utilized to calculate the radial wind speed pulsating quantity; the radial wind speed pulsating quantity is utilized to calculate a measured azimuth speed structure function, and a dissipation rate is calculated combined with a theoretical transverse speedstructure function in a Kolmogorov model; other turbulence parameters are calculated through the radial wind speed and the dissipation rate. The turbulence parameter inversion method based on the wind speed data of the laser radar has the advantages that a speed measurement error of the radial wind speed is reduced through the discontinuous conical scanning mode, the Kolmogorov model is adopted,after subtraction is carried out on the speed structure functions to eliminate a noise item, the dissipation rate is calculated, not only are the measurement errors of turbulence parameters reduced through the mode, but also the energy, the integral scale, the momentum flux and the height of an atmospheric boundary layer except the dissipation rate can be measured.

The invention provides an RCS measuring method and system based on beam deflection. In a two-support one-suspension support system, a pitch angle alpha of an airplane is changed by adjusting the length of a lifting rope; a rotary bench rotates to drive the airplane to realize changing of a target azimuth phi; and thus target RCS measurement is carried out. Besides, when RCS measurement of the target is carried out in the two-support one-suspension support system, a beam deflection angle gamma between an electromagnetic wave ray and a rotary bench rotating shaft z is generated based on a defocusing design of a feed source phase center of a compact field; and large-circular scanning or conical scanning is realized by adjusting the beam deflection angle gamma between the electromagnetic waveray and the rotary bench rotating shaft z, the airplane pitch angle alpha, and a rotary bench azimuth phi 1. According to the invention, with the RCS measuring method and system, the measurement rangeof the zenith angle theta is increased; the data integrity is improved, the measurable area is increased, and the amount of effective test data is improved; and while no workload is increased, the safety of target motion is improved by using two kinds of different scanning method jointly.

A novel conical scanning antenna comprises a parabolic face, a feed source and a sub face, and is characterized in that a motor and a crank shaft are included, the motor comprises a motor shaft, a first end of the crank shaft is connected with the motor shaft, an axis of the motor shaft coincides with an axis of the parabolic face, an installation seat is arranged on the top point of a concave face of the sub face, second end of the crank shaft stretches along the axis of the sub face and is arranged on the installation seat, and the sub face achieves offset-focus rotary conical scanning driven by the motor. Based on a classic clamping type antenna, communication in motion through off-focus rotation of the sub face is achieved, and the novel conical scanning antenna is simple in structure, easy to machine and debug, and low in product cost.

The invention discloses a reservoir household waste monitoring method and system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle. The method comprises the following steps: (10) monitoring water area patrolling: collecting millimeter wave radiation data along the way, monitoring an abnormal signal to obtain waste location information; (20) pollution information collection: performing two-dimensional conical scanning on a pollution region to obtain radiation data, and shooting an optical image; (30) comprehensive judgment: judging the waste type, distribution range, coverage area and pollution degree. The system comprises an aerial information collection platform (1) and a ground information processing platform (2) which are connected through a wireless network signal; the aerial information collectionplatform (1) monitors the reservoir water area and the whole shoreline so as to acquire the radiation data; the ground information processing platform (2) analyzes the transmitted data, determines thewaste type, the distribution range, the coverage area and the pollution degree, and controls a flight state of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

Disclosed are a rotation missing plot tracking system and method for a double-reflection-surface satellite antenna, which are used for solving the deficiency of an existing satellite antenna automatic tracking system, characterized by comprising a main reflection surface, a secondary reflection surface and a feed source, wherein the main reflection surface is provided with a servo tracking unit and a main control unit; the main reflection surface, the secondary reflection surface and the feed source are coaxially arranged; one of the main reflection surface and the secondary reflection surface can rotate around an axial centre and is provided with a rotation mechanism; and the rotating main reflection surface or secondary reflection surface is eccentrically provided with a signal local-failure zone. Compared with stepped tracking, the present invention has a high precision and is quick in response; compared with conical scanning tracking, a main reflection surface and a secondary reflection surface are coaxially arranged, thereby decreasing a side lobe, reducing the interference of an adjacent satellite and improving the applicability; and compared with single-pulse tracking, by using a rotating and eccentrical signal local-failure zone, a quasi-sinusoidal signal of a model intensity period change can be acquired, which has a simple device and a low cost.

Methods, systems and devices are disclosed for positioning an antenna having a sub-reflector assembly. A conical scan processor receives a period for a reference time pulse and a time tag. The processor calculates a rotation angle of the sub-reflector assembly using the received period for the reference time pulse and the received time tag. The processor may also receive a power measurement associated with the time tag. The processor may calculate and then output antenna boresight errors based on the calculated rotation angle of the sub-reflector assembly and the power measurements associated with the time tag.

The invention provides a parameter calibration method for a measuring device with a conical surface scanning rotating laser beam. Before practical measurement, parameter calibration is performed on the measuring device with the conical scanning rotating laser beam. Parameter calibration is performed on the measuring device by adopting a method in which direct calibration and indirect calibration are combined. The method comprises the following calibration steps of: calibrating parameters of the conical surface scanning beam; and calibrating the azimuths of upper and lower transmission shafts under a coordinate system of the conical surface scanning beam. In the calibration method, the advantages of direct calibration and indirect calibration are fully utilized, and a calibration device needed by the indirect calibration is simple, has low cost and is easy to realize. In an indirect calibration algorithm, an optimal method is adopted, so that the influences of errors can be reduced to the maximum extent, and the calibration accuracy is increased.

The invention belongs to the field of optical imaging, and particularly relates to a rotating type optical tomography system based on a linear array detector. The system comprises a reflector set, a cylindrical mirror and a linear array detector which are sequentially arranged in the front-face direction of the to-be-tested face of a to-be-tested object. The linear array detector is connected with a computer. The invention correspondingly provides a method utilizing the rotating type optical tomography system for imaging. By means of the rotating type optical tomography technology based on the linear array detector, meanwhile, the rotating type optical system is adopted, the single rotating device is arranged, the structure is simple, the rotating eccentric effect and the optical system off-focus effect during conical scanning are overcome, the algorithm correction difficulty during later period algorithm reconstruction is lowered, and the system stability is improved.

The invention discloses a three-dimensional type-B ultrasound device for realizing conical scanning, which is characterized in that: a thrust ball bearing 1, a support sheet, a thrust ball bearing 2 and a nut are sequentially fixed on the outer wall of an inner layer of a shell, a motor 1 and a coupling sheet are connected, a photoelectric encoder 1 is arranged between the nut and the coupling sheet, and two ends of a support rod are respectively and fixedly connected with the coupling sheet and the support sheet; the coupling sheet is fixedly connected with a bearing fixing sheet, a bevel gear 1 and a probe are connected and respectively arranged at two sides of the bearing fixing sheet, and a sensor in the probe is connected with a control circuit board; a motor fixing sleeve is fixed at the periphery of the support sheet, one end of a motor 2 passes through the motor fixing sleeve and is connected with a bevel gear 2, a photoelectric encoder 2 is arranged between the motor 2 and the bevel gear 2, and the bevel gear 2 and the bevel gear 1 are engaged; and the photoelectric encoder 1 and the photoelectric encoder 2 are both connected with the control circuit board which is connected with the program controller. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenience of operation, controllable scanning range, simpleness of data process and high scanning efficiency.

The invention relates to the field of antennas, and provides a satellite antenna. The satellite antenna comprises a paraboloid, a waveguide, a tuner, a subreflector, a conical scanning motor, a protecting cover, a tuner fixing device, a polarizing motor, a conveyor belt, a bearing fixing device and an optical coupler; the conical scanning motor is fixed to the protecting cover and used for driving the subreflector to rotate to realize conical scanning; the optical coupler is fixed to a fixed conical scanning motor board; the protecting cover is fixed to the radiating end surface of the waveguide; the other end of the waveguide is connected with the paraboloid; the tuner is fixed to the tuner fixing device; the polarizing motor is arranged on the outer surface of the paraboloid and used for driving the tuner to rotate through the conveyor belt. According to the technical scheme, the satellite antenna has the advantage that the polarizing motor can be simply rotated to enable the rotating of a tuner polarizing angle, and therefore, the problem caused by a polarizing shaft of the satellite antenna can be solved, and the satellite searching flexibility of the satellite antenna can be improved.