The invention provides a bus safety guarantee monitoring system and method, and belongs to the technical field of bus safety. According to the system and method, a velocimeter, first and second cameras, a smoke detector, a heart rate sensor, a breathing sensor, a brake component, a steering part, a positioning module, a first controller, a second controller and a first communication module are included. When the real-time heart rate is greater than the preset heart rate or the real-time breathing frequency is greater than the preset breathing frequency, the second controller remotely controlsthe first controller via the first communication module, and further steering part is controlled to steer towards the preset direction and the brake component is controlled to carry out braking of a vehicle. Operation is simple, the efficiency is higher, and the safety performance is higher.