The invention discloses a measurement and control device, system and method of an automatic transmission based on LabVIEW. The measurement and control device comprises an engine, a servo motor, a hydrodynamic torque converter, a gearbox, rotating speed and torque sensors, a speedup gear case, a current vortex dynamometer, a measurement and control instrument, a flow sensor and an electromagnetic proportion overflow valve. The measurement and control system comprises an initialization module, a data processing module, a throttle control module, a loading module, a shift determination module and a gearshift execution module. The measurement and control system simulates external load change of the automatic transmission, a load cycle is set to simulate the work cycle of the gearbox, impact caused by load change when the condition of the gearbox is changed is detected, and the system has great significance in researches of gearshift strategy and quality. According the measurement and control system, the labor cost is low, the automation degree of equipment is high, and the flexibility and versatility are high.