The invention discloses a seafood temporary-culture water circulation purification system and a seafood temporary-culture machine using the same. The system comprises culture pools, wherein the plurality of culture pools are arranged in parallel; a water inlet of each culture pool individually communicates with a corresponding refrigeration water tank, the plurality of refrigeration water tanks are arranged in parallel, and the number of the refrigeration water tanks corresponds to the number of the culture pools; and a water outlet of each culture pool individually communicates with a corresponding filtration box, the plurality of filtration boxes are arranged in parallel, and the number of the filtration boxes corresponds to the number of the culture pools. Refrigerants are introduced tothe refrigeration water tanks to cool culture waters, a plurality of cold culture waters in different temperature zones are formed, and low-temperature culture waters are respectively fed into the culture pools for seafood temporary-culture. After temporary-culture, culture waters containing impurities and proteins are sent to the filtration boxes to filter, degrade and remove proteins, and thenthe culture waters are reduced to clean waters to cyclic utilization. Water temperatures of the culture pools are constant and stable, temporary-culture time is long, seafood culture in a plurality ofdifferent temperature zones is realized, numbers of temporary-culture varieties are large, and people consumption requirements are satisfied.