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A photonic device incorporates an epitaxial structure having an active region, and which includes a wet etch stop layer above, but close to, the active region. An etched-facet ridge laser is fabricated on the epitaxial structure by dry etching followed by wet etching. The dry etch is designed to stop before reading the depth needed to form the ridge. The wet etch completes the formation of the ridge and stops at the wet etch stop layer.

The present invention provides a stator coiled in a spiral, capable of mechanically inserting a wound coil in the slot of a stator core. In a stator in which coils are overlapped in a spiral when viewed from the end surface of the stator core after each of one sides of a plurality of coils wound in advance is inserted in the slot of the stator core and each of the other sides of the plurality of coils is inserted in a different slot, by repeating the inserting operation twice or more, the loop of the coils overlapped in a spiral are piled in two layers or more in the radius direction of the stator core and the total coil sectional area inserted in the slots of the stator core is larger than a prescribed value based on the inside radius of the stator core.

The invention discloses a hybrid excitation flux switching motor. The motor comprises an outer stator, a rotor and an inner stator. The rotor coaxially sheaths outside the inner stator. The outer stator coaxially sheaths outside the rotor. The outer stator comprises an outer stator iron core, permanent magnets and a three-phase armature winding. A three-phase alternating current excitation winding sheaths on convex pole teeth of an inner stator iron core. The quantity of the convex pole teeth of the inner stator iron core is equal to the quantity of the permanent magnets. The radial central axes of the convex pole teeth of the inner stator iron core and the radial central axes of the permanent magnets coincide. In the prior art, the excitation winding is placed by reducing the volume of the permanent magnet or reducing the number of turns of the armature winding. Through adoption of the hybrid excitation flux switching motor, the problem in the prior art is solved, the electromagnetic load of the motor is increased, a symmetrical three-phase alternating current with adjustable amplitude accessed to the inner stator excitation winding can generate a rotating magnetic field with adjustable amplitude and polarity, and the rotating magnetic field and an effective air gap magnetic field in a permanent magnetic field are overlaid, so that effective harmonic component in the permanent magnetic field is enhanced or weakened, so as to realize magnetic shunt operation.

A photonic device incorporate an epitaxial structure having an active region, and which includes a wet etch stop layer above, but close to, the active region. An etched-facet ridge laser is fabricated on the epitaxial structure by dry etching followed by wet etching. The dry etch is designed to stop before reading the depth needed to form the ridge. The wet etch completes the formation of the ridge and stops at the wet etch stop layer.