548results about How to "Reduce the average velocity" patented technology

A medical robotic system includes a surgical instrument, a robotic arm assembly, an input device, and a processor. The surgical instrument has an end effector and a sensor for sensing a force exerted by the end effector, and is operatively mounted on the robotic arm assembly. The processor is configured to receive commanded movement of the end effector from the input device, receive information of the force from the sensor, determine a reduced velocity of the commanded movement that would inhibit damage causing motion of the end effector, and control robotic manipulation of the surgical instrument in response to the commanded movement of the end effector while restricting the velocity of the commanded movement to the reduced velocity.

A process for catalytic multi-stage hydrogenation of heavy carbonaceous feedstocks using catalytic ebullated bed reactors is operated at selected flow and operating conditions so as to provide improved reactor operations and produce increased yield of lower boiling hydrocarbon liquid and gas products. The disclosed process advantageously takes advantage of an external gas / liquid separation unit associated with the first stage reactor to allow for a more efficient and effective catalytic hydrocracking process. The more efficient process is primarily a result of the increased catalyst loading and lower gas hold-up in the ebullated reactors.

An improved E-field generator including a slow-wave transmission line structure is provided herein. In some cases, the improved E-field generator may include an inductively-loaded slow-wave transmission line structure driven by a power source at one end of the structure and terminated by a load at the other end of the structure. In other cases, the improved E-field generator may include a capacitively-loaded slow-wave transmission line structure. In either case, the improved E-field generator provides a frequency-independent, significantly increased electric field at a distance spaced from the generator without altering the dimensions of the generator and / or the input power supplied to the generator. The increase in generated field intensity is achieved by decreasing the phase velocity of the electromagnetic wave propagating along the parallel elements of the generator.

Devices, systems, and methods are provided in which movement of a tool is controlled based on sensed parameters. In one embodiment, an electromechanical tool is provided having an instrument shaft and an end effector formed thereon. The electromechanical tool is configured to be mounted on an electromechanical arm, and the electromechanical tool is configured to move with or relative to the electromechanical arm and perform surgical functions. A controller is operatively coupled to the electromechanical arm and the electromechanical tool and is configured to retard advancement of the electromechanical tool toward a tissue surface based on a sensed amount of displacement of a tissue surface, a strain on the tissue of the patient, the temperature of the electromechanical tool, or the like.

A control unit controls a vehicle having a body to allow a user to step on, a power generator arranged to generate power that drives the body, and a first sensor and a second sensor. Each sensor preferably outputs a load value representing a load that has been applied to the body. The control unit preferably includes a processor arranged to output a command value associated with a bias of the load based on first and second load values that have been respectively detected by the first and second sensors, and a drive controller arranged to control the power generator in accordance with the command value.

This invention overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art by providing a positionable, direct-injection catheters that can access a specific region of the heart or other organ. The catheter is provided with one or two needle shafts, which may be located within respective sheaths that extend axially along the interior of the lumen of a main catheter shaft. Each needle shaft carries, at a distal end thereof a penetrable element or “needle” that is normally retracted within the distal tip of the main shaft during travel to the target organ, but is subsequently deployed by action of a handle-mounted trigger mechanism to extend the needles into the organ's wall. Each extended needle is curved to relative to the shaft's axis to enter the organ wall in a flattened trajectory that both reduces the chance of puncture through the wall and anchors the needles into the wall during injection (for reduced chance of pullout under pressure). A plurality of apertures which provide for more complete agent delivery rapidly, while maintaining a low delivery velocity to effect treatment delivery in as short a period of time as possible without the problems caused by high velocity delivery. The needles are typically arranged to exit the tip at contralateral orientations relative to each other

A thermal spray process comprises injecting precursor solution droplets into the hot zone of the thermal spray flame. Also described are materials resulting from the process.

A fixed-wing VTOL aircraft features an array of electric lift fans distributed over the surface of the aircraft. A generator is (selectively) coupled to the gas turbine engine of the aircraft. During VTOL operation of the aircraft, the engine drives the generator to generate electricity to power the lifting fans. Power to the lifting fans is reduced as the aircraft gains forward speed and is increasingly supported by the wings.

An autonomous unmanned space flight system and planetary lander executes a discrete landing sequence including performing an initial velocity braking maneuver to remove velocity at altitude, coasting during which the planet surface is imaged and correlated to reference maps to estimate cross-track and along-track navigation errors and one or more lateral braking maneuvers are performed to reduce cross-track navigation error, and performing a terminal velocity braking maneuver(s) to reduce the along-track braking maneuver and remove the remainder of the velocity just prior to landing. A bi-propellant propulsion system provides a very high T / M ratio, at least 15:1 per nozzle. Short, high T / M divert maneuvers provide the capability to remove cross-track navigation error efficiently up to the maximum resolution of the reference maps. Short, high T / M terminal velocity braking maneuver(s) provide the capability to remove along-track navigation error to a similar resolution and remove the remaining velocity in a very short time window, approximately 3-15 seconds prior to touchdown. The propulsive efficiency frees up mass which can be allocated to a fuel to remove the unknown navigation errors, perform hazard avoidance and / or relocate the lander by flying it to another site or be allocated to additional payload.

A catheter tip designed to reduce the outflow velocity and / or directional momentum of fluid being infused by a catheter having such a tip. In one variation, a plurality of channels is provided at the distal portion of the catheter to increase the outflow cross-sectional area. In another variation, the diameter of the catheter at its distal portion where the fluid exits is increased. In yet another variation, a bullet-shaped nose is implemented which may decrease turbulence at the distal end of catheter tip. The low velocity outflow catheter tip may also be implemented on a dual lumen catheter, such as a hemodialysis catheter, to reduce recirculation rate. Various device configurations and methods for such implementations are also disclosed.

The present invention provides apparatuses for determining velocity independent analyte characteristic parameters and methods for using the same. In one particular aspect, the present invention provides a velocity independent flow cytometry.

A traveling apparatus suitable for use in a two-wheeled traveling vehicle on which a man rides, and a method for controlling thereof, are provided. An abrupt turn, which can make a rider fall down, is prevented, and stable traveling is obtained without fail. Specifically, the apparatus and method efficiently charge regenerative energy that is generated when decelerating or traveling on a downward slope. The apparatus and method include motors for driving a plurality of wheels independently, a chassis for connecting the plurality of wheels, in which sensors for detecting a shift of barycenter of a rider are provided, and a controller for restricting a rotational velocity of each of the plurality of wheels to a predetermined limited value, wherein turning is performed in accordance with the shift of a barycentric position.

A medical robotic system includes a surgical instrument, a robotic arm assembly, an input device, and a processor. The surgical instrument has an end effector and a sensor for sensing a force exerted by the end effector, and is operatively mounted on the robotic arm assembly. The processor is configured to receive commanded movement of the end effector from the input device, receive information of the force from the sensor, determine a reduced velocity of the commanded movement that would inhibit damage causing motion of the end effector, and control robotic manipulation of the surgical instrument in response to the commanded movement of the end effector while restricting the velocity of the commanded movement to the reduced velocity.

A dishwasher with a novel drying cycle is provided. The dishwasher door includes a vent channel connecting the interior of the dishwasher to the outside and housing a condenser section that condenses water vapor from moisture laden air from the interior of the dishwasher and directs the condensed water back into the dishwasher. A vent valve covers the opening of the vent channel into the dishwasher and is opened and closed at appropriate times during the drying cycle. A heater adjacent a blower heats air entering the dishwasher. A temperature sensor in the dishwasher interior provides temperature measurements of the inside of the dishwasher that may be used to control the duration of the drying cycle. A controller interconnects the operating components of the dishwasher and provides the logic for the drying cycle.

The invention relates to a two-stage pressure atomizer nozzle with a nozzle body (30) having a mixing chamber (39) which is connected to an outside space via a nozzle outlet bore (33), and with a first feed duct (42) with a feed bore (41) for a liquid (37) to be atomized, through which feed bore said liquid (37) can be fed, free of swirling and under pressure, at least one further feed duct (36) for a portion of the liquid (37) to be atomized or for a second liquid (37') to be atomized opening into the chamber (39), through which feed duct said liquid (37, 37') can be fed under pressure and with swirling. The feed bore (41) of the first feed duct (42) lies on one axis (34) with the nozzle outlet bore (33). It is defined in that the outlet-side diameter (da) of the nozzle outlet bore (33) is at most as large as the diameter (dz) of the feed bore (41) and the length (L) of the nozzle outlet bore (33) is at least twice to at most ten times the outlet-side diameter (da) of the nozzle outlet bore (33).

A drilling assembly and an eccentric, adjustable diameter reamer are disclosed. The reamer includes cutter elements mounted on at least a first fixed blade for reaming a previously-formed borehole or for forming a borehole of increased diameter beneath an existing cased borehole. The method and apparatus provide for stabilizing the drilling assembly so that the reamer may be used in back reaming the hole. Retainer means, such as shear pins or spring-biased reciprocating latch members, are provided to prevent premature extension of the reamer's moveable members, including blades and pistons. The shear pins are preferably accessible from the outer surface of the reamer housing so as to expedite field replacement of the shear pins without requiring disassembly of the reamer. The spring-biased latching members repeatedly latch and unlatch so that field replacement is not required, and so that the movable members may be extended and contracted multiple times while the reamer is downhole.

A heat exchanger includes a cooling plate having a heat collection surface for fixing against an object to be cooled, an opposed heat transfer surface which may be provided with fins, and a cooling chamber over the heat transfer surface, the cooling chamber having an inlet port and an outlet port for circulating a fluid through the cooling chamber via a flow path between the ports. A flow distributor in the flow path forms a plurality of inlet channels communicating with the inlet port, a plurality of outlet channels alternating with the inlet channels and communicating with the outlet port, and a plurality of flow surfaces which are spaced from the heat transfer surface by gaps. The inlet channels communicate with the gaps so that a fluid entering the inlet channels via the inlet port will flow through the gaps, into the outlet channels, and out of the chamber via the outlet port. The gaps are dimensioned to increase fluid velocity and promote mixing of the fluid, thereby improving heat transfer.

This invention overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art by providing a positionable, direct-injection catheters that can access a specific region of the heart or other organ. The catheter is provided with one or two needle shafts, which may be located within respective sheaths that extend axially along the interior of the lumen of a main catheter shaft. Each needle shaft carries, at a distal end thereof a penetrable element or “needle” that is normally retracted within the distal tip of the main shaft during travel to the target organ, but is subsequently deployed by action of a handle-mounted trigger mechanism to extend the needles into the organ's wall. Each extended needle is curved to relative to the shaft's axis to enter the organ wall in a flattened trajectory that both reduces the chance of puncture through the wall and anchors the needles into the wall during injection (for reduced chance of pullout under pressure). A plurality of apertures which provide for more complete agent delivery rapidly, while maintaining a low delivery velocity to effect treatment delivery in as short a period of time as possible without the problems caused by high velocity delivery. The needles are typically arranged to exit the tip at contralateral orientations relative to each other.

A traveling apparatus and a method for controlling thereof, in which an abrupt turn to make a rider fall down is prevented and stable traveling is obtained without fail, are provided. At a step [1] whether or not a turn operation is performed by means of a barycentric position of the rider, and the barycentric position is detected at a step [2] from a load sensor. Further, a turn velocity command is generated at a step [3]. Then, the barycentric position to which the centrifugal force is added is detected at a step [4], and it is judged at a step [5] whether or not the barycentric position is close to a tire. When it is close to the tire (Yes), processing to reduce the turn velocity is performed at a step [6]. Hereupon, such computation is performed that a sensor signal ωyaw from a gyroscopic sensor is set to ωyaw←ωyaw×Gω (Gω is a value that changes in inverse proportion to the strength of the centrifugal force). When the barycentric position is not close to the tire (No), it is set to ωyaw←ωyaw at a step [7]. Furthermore, a wheel rotational velocity command is supplied at a step [8] to set tire velocity of right and left wheels to ωyaw, and a turn of a vehicle is performed at a step [9].

An air filter assembly for removing particulate matter from an incoming dirty air stream. The assembly includes a housing having an inlet, an outlet, a dirty air chamber and a clean air chamber and a non-cylindrical shaped elongated filter element arranged within the dirty air chamber constructed to remove particulate matter from an incoming air stream. A plurality of non-cylindrical filter elements are preferred. The non-cylindrical filter elements provide a decreased incoming air stream velocity when compared to conventional cylindrical filter elements having the same surface area. Alternately, the non-cylindrical filter elements allow an increase in the volume of incoming air when compared to conventional cylindrical filter elements having the same surface area.

Low-frequency bandwidth extension in the form of dynamic electrical equalization may be applied to loudspeakers so long as the excursion capability of their drive units as well as velocity limits of any port(s) or excursion limits of any associated passive radiator(s), and the power limits of the drive units are not exceeded. The bandwidth extension maximizes low-frequency bandwidth dynamically such that excursion is fully utilized over a range of drive levels, without exceeding the excursion limit. Additional limiting control is available for port air velocity or passive radiator excursion, and loudspeaker drive unit electrical power. The system applies to open back, closed box, vented box, and more complex box constructions consisting of combinations of these elements for loudspeaker designs using design parameters appropriate to each system.

A bathroom floor panel for use in an airtight and water tight space is configured to be efficiently dried in a few hours under ambient conditions. When water drops onto the floor panel, the surface tension of the water is broken by irregular-shaped portions and the water spreads without forming waterdrops. Also, the irregular-shaped portions reduce the flow velocity of the water due to a gradient of the panel, so as to prevent the water flowing in channels to a drain from being discontinued. With this, although the drain velocity of the water is low, substantially no water remains as isolated drops. Further, even if some water remain on the irregular-shaped portions after the water flows out the channels to the drain, any amount of water remaining in the channels is evaporated in a relatively short period of time because the amount of the remaining water is very small.

The method provides a new fluid simulation technique that significantly reduces the non-physical dissipation of velocity using particles and derivative information. In solving the conventional Navier-Stokes equations, the method replace the advection part with a particle simulation. When swapping between the grid-based and particle-based simulators, the physical quantities such as the level set and velocity must be converted. A novel dissipation-suppressing conversion procedure that utilizes the derivative information stored in the particles as well as in the grid points is developed. Through several experiments, the proposed technique can reproduce the detailed movements of high-Reynolds-number fluids, such as droplets / bubbles, thin water sheets, and whirlpools. The increased accuracy in the advection, which forms the basis of the proposed technique, can also be used to produce better results in larger scale fluid simulations.

A control system for a power generation apparatus and method may fly a rotorcraft rotary wing at an altitude above the nap of the earth. A tether, suitably strong and flexible, connected to the rotorcraft framing is pulled with a force generated by the rotary wing. The force is transmitted to a ground station that converts the comparatively linear motion of the tether being pulled upward with a lifting force. The linear motion may be transferred to a rotary motion in the ground station to rotate and electrical generator. The tether may be retrieved and re-coiled by controlling the rotorcraft aircraft to basically fly down at a speed and lift force to support recovery of the rotorcraft at a substantially reduced force compared to the larger lifting force in effect during the power-developing payout of the tether. Moreover, the duty cycle of such a system is substantially increased over any terrestrially based or tower-mounted wind turbine mechanisms.

A composition for recovering oil from subterranean formation by injecting an aqueous fluid containing from about 0.05 to about 2.0% by weight of a bi-functional surfactant or a mixture of surfactants containing one or more of the following structures;Optionally the aqueous fluid may contain mixtures of individual surfactants having carboxylic, and sulfonate or sulfate functionalities. The remainder of the composition includes water or brine, a cosolvent and optionally a viscosity control agent, and optionally an alkali.

Devices, systems, and methods are provided in which movement of a tool is controlled based on sensed parameters. In one embodiment, an electromechanical tool is provided having an instrument shaft and an end effector formed thereon. The electromechanical tool is configured to be mounted on an electromechanical arm, and the electromechanical tool is configured to move with or relative to the electromechanical arm and perform surgical functions. A controller is operatively coupled to the electromechanical arm and the electromechanical tool and is configured to retard advancement of the electromechanical tool toward a tissue surface based on a sensed amount of displacement of a tissue surface, a strain on the tissue of the patient, the temperature of the electromechanical tool, or the like.

A cigarette having a multi-component filter wherein an upstream sorbent removes at least one constituent from mainstream tobacco smoke passing through the filter and a downstream flavor segment compensates for taste lost to the sorbent. The flavor component includes cellulosic flavor bearing granules which release volatile flavor constituents into the mainstream smoke under ambient conditions. The cellulosic granules include microcrystalline cellulose or other cellulosic material which can be formed into a paste with the flavor additive, extruded and spheronized to form the flavor granules.

A fluid heat exchanger assembly cools an electronic device with a cooling fluid supplied from a heat extractor to an upper portion of a housing. A refrigerant is disposed in a lower portion of the housing for liquid-to-vapor transformation. A partition divides the upper portion of the housing from the lower portion and is flexible to vary the volume of the upper portion for modulating the flow of coolant fluid through the upper portion in response to heat transferred by an electronic device to the lower portion of the housing.