The invention discloses an atmospheric environment monitoring system based on the heterogeneous Internet of Things, which includes an atmospheric environment monitoring node, an intelligent gateway, a base station, a cloud, and a remote monitoring terminal sequentially connected by communication. The atmospheric environment monitoring node collects data on atmospheric environment parameters, The intelligent gateway realizes the communication connection between the atmospheric environment monitoring node and the base station, the base station realizes the communication connection between the intelligent gateway and the cloud, and the remote monitoring terminal performs data viewing and provides a window; a monitoring method based on the atmospheric environment monitoring system includes the following steps: S1 , configure the intelligent gateway; S2, configure the atmospheric environment monitoring node; S3, the atmospheric environment monitoring node collects the atmospheric environment parameters, and transmits to the remote monitoring terminal to realize the monitoring of the atmospheric environment; S4, receives the end signal, then ends the monitoring; the present invention It solves the problems of large monitoring blind areas, inability to accurately locate pollution sources in time, high investment costs, complex networks and poor stability existing in the prior art.