An energy-saving fireproof building comprises a building body. A range hood exhaust pipe and a sewer are arranged in the building body, external stairs are connected outside the building body, a glass wall is arranged outside the building body, the building body except for the external stairs is sealed by the glass wall, a gate and an upper ventilation valve are arranged at the bottom and the top of the glass wall respectively, the sewer is arranged inside the glass wall, a sewer valve is arranged at the bottom end of the sewer, the top of the range hood exhaust pipe is arranged outside the glass wall, a range hood exhaust pipe valve is arranged at the top of the range hood exhaust pipe, an escape door is arranged on each floor at joints of the building and the external stairs, and air extracting pumps are arranged inside the glass wall and outside the building body. When a fire happens, people in the building rapidly evacuate in the space between the external stairs and cannot be fired by open flame or high-temperature flue gas, air concentration in the building is rapidly reduced, large-scale open flame burning is avoided, time is made for people evacuation and fire fighting of firefighters, and property loss is reduced.