The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, in particular relates to a quick-hardening early-strength structure reinforcement material based on aluminate cement and steel slag. The structure reinforcement material consists of aluminate cement, steel slag, ore slag powder, fly ash, silicon ash, a retarder, a water reducing agent, a latex powder, cellulose ether, a defoamer and poval fiber. By using the material provided by the invention, the problems of the common cement-based reinforcement material, such as high construction difficulty, long wet operation time and low early strength, can be solved. According to the invention, a composite gel material supplemented by steel aggregate, a composite additive and fiber is subjected to dry mixing and then packaged for supply; in scene, the structure reinforcement material provided by the invention can be used after adding water and stirring; and the structure reinforcement material has the characteristics of high early strength, good cracking resistance, good permeability resistance, small shrinkage, excellent durability and the like, is easy to construct and is suitable for reinforcing works of buildings, wharfs, bridges, dams, railways, tunnels and the like.