The invention discloses a positioning mechanism and a welding fixture, wherein the positioning mechanism includes a mounting column, a linear driving structure, an extension rod, a positioning structure and a guiding structure, wherein the mounting column extends along a first direction, and the fixed end of the linear driving device is arranged on The installation column, the movable end of the linear drive device has a movable stroke along the first direction, the extension rod is extended along the first direction, one end of the extension rod is arranged on the movable end, the positioning structure is arranged on the other end of the extension rod, and the guide structure is arranged on the other end of the extension rod. Between the positioning structure and the mounting column, the linear drive device is driven and connected to the positioning structure through an extension rod, which increases the driving stroke of the linear drive structure, which is conducive to setting a larger linear drive device, thereby providing greater driving force. The guide structure prevents the movable end of the linear drive from shaking after being stretched out, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the positioning mechanism.