33results about How to "Insertion loss" patented technology

An optical multiplexing device is provided comprising multiple wavelength division multiplexers cascaded together. A first one of the wavelength division multiplexers has a common port and multiple optical ports which are optically coupled to the common port. The common port may be optically coupled to a trunk line of a system employing wavelength division multiplexing, for example, a fiber-optic telecommunication system employing 4, 8, 16 or other number of multiplexed channels. The optical ports include multiple channel ports, each of which is transparent to a corresponding wavelength sub-range and reflective of other wavelengths. The second wavelength division multiplexer has a common port optically coupled to one of the optical ports of the first wavelength division multiplexer. The second wavelength division multiplexer also has multiple optical ports which are optically coupled to its common port and include multiple wavelength-selective channel ports. A waveguide, such as a fiber-optic line, can optically connect the common port of the second wavelength division multiplexer to an optical port of the first wavelength division multiplexer. The cascaded WDMs each may be optically coupled to the output of a passive coupler and a housing may be provided defining an enclosed space in which the optical multiplexing device is mounted. Optionally, additional WDMs may be cascaded with the first two WDMs in a parallel or branched formation, an in-line formation or some combination. Preferably, the channels are interleaved, such that they are removed from the multiplexed signal in certain non-sequential order. The optical multiplexing device also may employ compound interleaving wherein adjacent channels are multiplexed by different ones of the cascaded WDMs. The optical multiplexing devices can operate to add signals, remove signals or a combination of both.

A microrelay device formed on a silicon substrate wafer for use in opening and closing a current path in a circuit. A pair of electrically conducting latching beams are attached at their proximal ends to terminals on the substrate. Proximal ends of the beams have complementary shapes which releasably fit together to latch the beams and close the circuit. A pair of shape memory alloy actuators are selectively operated to change shapes which bend one of the beams in a direction which latches the distal ends, or bend the other beam to release the distal ends and open the circuit. The microrelay is bistable in its two positions, and power to the actuators is applied only for switching it open or closed.

An electrical connector includes a body having a tongue, a pair of first differential signal terminals and a pair of second differential signal terminals fixed to the body, and a middle shielding sheet fixed to the tongue, and located between the first and second differential signal terminals. The tongue includes an upper surface having two depressed first receiving slots and a lower surface having two depressed second receiving slots. A first groove is depressed from each first receiving slot. A second groove is upward depressed from each second receiving slot. Each first differential signal terminal has a first contact portion fixed to and exposed from the upper surface of the tongue. Each second differential signal terminal has a second contact portion fixed to and exposed from the lower surface of the tongue. The first and second contact portions are partially accommodated in the first and second receiving slot respectively.

A radiating coaxial cable includes an inner conductor, an electrical insulator located about a periphery of the inner conductor, and an outer conductor located about a periphery of the electrical insulator. The outer conductor defines groups of apertures spaced from each other a predetermined distance in the range of from about twice the longest operational wavelength of the cable to less than ten meters. The aperture groups are designed in such a way to excite a surface wave at low operating frequencies and a combination of surface and radiating waves at high operational frequencies.

This invention relates to dynamically controlled, electronic article surveillance (EAS) systems whereby an array of antenna elements is digitally phased and actively driven for concurrent transmission, and digitally phased and combined in the receiver unit to improve security tag detection. In particular, the individual frequency and phase of the plurality of the transmit / receive signals are rapidly varied to allow for automated manipulation (steering) of the transmit field pattern and receive field sensitivity. It is the object of this invention to achieve the following features via means of digital phasing and dynamic computer control: sufficient far-field cancellation, null-free detection and uncompromised detection performance regardless of tag's orientation.

Diode network configurations are disclosed in which cathode bias voltage is held substantially constant to provide an attenuator circuit in which return loss is optimized throughout a broad dynamic attenuation range. Preferred embodiments include PIN diodes arranged in a π network having two attenuation control signals provided thereto. Alternative embodiments include PIN diodes arranged in a T network having two attenuation control signals provided thereto.

A multiplexer includes a common terminal connected to an inductance element at a connection path with an antenna element, filter elements including different pass bands and connected to the antenna element with the common terminal therebetween, and an inductance element arranged in series between a transmission filter with a largest capacitance when viewed from the antenna side among the filter elements and the common terminal. An inductive component of the inductance element and a capacitive component of the transmission filter element define an LC series resonant circuit, and a resonant frequency of the LC series resonant circuit is lower than any of pass bands of the filter elements.

A power amplifier circuit includes first and second transistors and a first voltage output circuit. A radio frequency signal is input into a base of the first transistor. The first voltage output circuit outputs a first voltage in accordance with a power supply voltage. The first voltage is supplied to a base or a gate of the second transistor. An emitter or a source of the second transistor is connected to a collector of the first transistor. A first amplified signal generated by amplifying the radio frequency signal is output from a collector or a drain of the second transistor.

The present invention discloses an alignment system for calibrating a position of an optical fiber (30) in a bore of a ferrule (20), comprising: an outer cylinder alignment element (100) for calibrating a center position of an outer cylinder of the ferrule (20), so that the center of the outer cylinder of the ferrule (20) is aligned with a center of the outer cylinder alignment element (100); a fiber core alignment element (300) comprising a fiber core (302) having a center aligned with the center of the outer cylinder alignment element (100); an optical vision system (411, 412, 421, 422) for identifying a center position of a fiber core (32) of the optical fiber (30) and the center position of the fiber core (302) of the fiber core alignment element (300); and a controlling and moving system for actively adjusting the position of the optical fiber (30) in the bore of the ferrule (20) under the guide of the optical vision system (411, 412, 421, 422), so that the center of the fiber core (32) of the optical fiber (30) is aligned with the center of the fiber core (302) of the fiber core alignment element (300), and so that the center of the fiber core (32) of the optical fiber (30) is aligned with the center of the outer cylinder of the ferrule (20), eliminating the insertion loss of the ferrule (20) due to a radial deviation between the center of the fiber core (32) of the optical fiber (30) and the center of the outer cylinder of the ferrule (20).

This invention relates to dynamically controlled, electronic article surveillance (EAS) systems whereby an array of antenna elements is digitally phased and actively driven for concurrent transmission, and digitally phased and combined in the receiver unit to improve detection. In particular, the individual frequency and phase of the plurality of the transmit / receive signals are rapidly varied to allow for automated manipulation (steering) of the transmit field pattern and receive field sensitivity. The invention achieves the following features via means of digital phasing and dynamic computer control: sufficient far-field cancellation, null-free detection and uncompromised detection performance regardless of tag's orientation while using single transmission drivers to drive entire antenna structures, whether loop antenna or ferrite core antenna, using a phase coupler, thereby allowing more efficient system operation or additional features such as deactivator antenna operation.

A radio frequency circuit according to the present invention, is a radio frequency circuit for amplifying a radio frequency signal, the radio frequency circuit comprising: an amplifier circuit for amplifying the radio frequency signal and outputting an amplified signal obtained by the amplification of the radio frequency signal; a load circuit connected to an output of the amplifier circuit; a plurality of transmission lines; a selection circuit for selecting a transmission line among the plurality of transmission lines in accordance with a predetermined parameter of the amplified signal so as to connect the selected transmission line to an output of the load circuit; and a conversion circuit for converting, into a predetermined load impedance, a load impedance looking from the amplifier circuit toward an output side of the amplifier circuit, the conversion being performed in the transmission line selected by the selection circuit.

A power conversion apparatus is disclosed in the present application. The power conversion apparatus comprises: a power converter comprising an energy-storage magnetic component, and a filter comprising an inductor component and a two-port network connected the energy-storage magnetic component and the inductor component, wherein a series resonance is formed by the two-port network and a mutual inductance which is formed by a coupling between the energy-storage magnetic component and the inductor component.

Active feedback is used with two electrodes of a four-electrode capacitive-gap transduced wine-glass disk resonator to enable boosting of an intrinsic resonator Q and to allow independent control of insertion loss across the two other electrodes. Two such Q-boosted resonators configured as parallel micromechanical filters may achieve a tiny 0.001% bandwidth passband centered around 61 MHz with only 2.7 dB of insertion loss, boosting the intrinsic resonator Q from 57,000, to an active Q of 670,000. The split capacitive coupling electrode design removes amplifier feedback from the signal path, allowing independent control of input-output coupling, Q, and frequency. Controllable resonator Q allows creation of narrow channel-select filters with insertion losses lower than otherwise achievable, and allows maximizing the dynamic range of a communication front-end without the need for a variable gain low noise amplifier.

A miniature wideband balun is realized wherein a miniature rectangular high permeability ferrite binocular core is wound with a single wire on the first of three legs and a twisted pair of wires on the third of three legs. Each winding is configured from 36 gauge wire to include two turns with precise positioning and spacing on the legs, and precise control over the length and position of the non-wound wire portions. The non-wound wire portions have their ends welded to the conductive terminals of a flat insulating substrate which the core is bonded to. Such an approach results in a wideband response of from 10 MHz to at least 6000 MHz with a substantially flat insertion loss and a low return loss. Additionally, a lid is bonded to the top of the core in order to form a package conducive to handling by standard pick and place robotic assembly machinery.

Active feedback is used with two electrodes of a four-electrode capacitive-gap transduced wine-glass disk resonator to enable boosting of an intrinsic resonator Q and to allow independent control of insertion loss across the two other electrodes. Two such Q-boosted resonators configured as parallel micromechanical filters may achieve a tiny 0.001% bandwidth passband centered around 61 MHz with only 2.7 dB of insertion loss, boosting the intrinsic resonator Q from 57,000, to an active Q of 670,000. The split capacitive coupling electrode design removes amplifier feedback from the signal path, allowing independent control of input-output coupling, Q, and frequency. Controllable resonator Q allows creation of narrow channel-select filters with insertion losses lower than otherwise achievable, and allows maximizing the dynamic range of a communication front-end without the need for a variable gain low noise amplifier.

This invention relates to dynamically controlled, electronic article surveillance (EAS) systems whereby an array of antenna elements is digitally phased and actively driven for concurrent transmission, and digitally phased and combined in the receiver unit to improve security tag detection. In particular, the individual frequency and phase of the plurality of the transmit / receive signals are rapidly varied to allow for automated manipulation (steering) of the transmit field pattern and receive field sensitivity. It is the object of this invention to achieve the following features via means of digital phasing and dynamic computer control: sufficient far-field cancellation, null-free detection and uncompromised detection performance regardless of tag's orientation.

A waveguide structure has a base having a base height (h) above a substrate and a rectangular waveguide having a waveguide height (H) above the substrate and a waveguide width (W) between opposing sides of the waveguide.

A multiplexer includes a common terminal connected to an inductance element at a connection path with an antenna element, filter elements including different pass bands and connected to the antenna element with the common terminal therebetween, and an inductance element arranged in series between a transmission filter with a largest capacitance when viewed from the antenna side among the filter elements and the common terminal. An inductive component of the inductance element and a capacitive component of the transmission filter element define an LC series resonant circuit, and a resonant frequency of the LC series resonant circuit is lower than any of pass bands of the filter elements.

A balun includes a first, second, and third metallic layers, a first dielectric layer disposed between the second and third metallic layers, and a dielectric substrate. The second metallic layer includes a first spiral line having sequentially connected first line segments and a second spiral line having sequentially connected second line segments. A first distance between each two opposite sides of a first region encircled by the innermost first line segments is greater than a second distance between each two adjacent parallel first line segments. A third distance between each two opposite sides of a second region encircled by the innermost second line segments is greater than a fourth distance between each two adjacent parallel second line segments. The third metallic layer includes a third and a fourth spiral lines. The first metallic layer and other elements as a whole are disposed on an opposite surface of the dielectric substrate.

An optical isolator for use with a wavelength band of 970-990 nm is improved in that it has a Faraday rotator made of an oxide material, which contains by 99% or more an oxide (TbxR1−x)2O3 where 0.5≦x≦1.0, and R is scandium, yttrium or any lanthanoid but Tb; the resulting Faraday rotator exhibits a Verdet constant of 0.30 min / Oe·cm or greater in the case of the wavelength band of 970-990 nm; and a hollow magnet is set to sheathe this Faraday rotator; and the sample length L is from 0.6 cm through 1.0 cm.

The present invention discloses an alignment system for calibrating a position of an optical fiber (30) in a bore (31) of a ferrule (20), comprising: a calibration ferrule (200) having an alignment guide hole (201) formed therein; an alignment guide element (100) for calibrating a center position of a guide hole (21) of the ferrule, so that a center of the guide hole (21) of the ferrule (20) is aligned with a center of the alignment guide hole (201); a fiber core alignment element (300) comprising a fiber core (302) having a center positioned at a theoretical center relative to a positioning reference defined by the center of the alignment guide hole (201); an optical vision system for identifying a center position of a fiber core (32) of the optical fiber (30) and the center position of the fiber core (302) of the respective fiber core alignment element (300); and a controlling and moving system for actively adjusting the position of the optical fiber (30) in the bore (31) of the ferrule (20) under the guide of the optical vision system, so that the center of the fiber core (32) of the optical fiber (30) is aligned with the center of the fiber core (302) of the respective fiber core alignment element (300), and so that the center of the fiber core (32) of the optical fiber (30) is positioned at a theoretical center relative to a positioning reference defined by the center of the guide hole (21) of the ferrule (20).

A family of radio frequency (RF) filter circuits that use radio frequency linear mixers to controllably separate desired frequency spectrum from undesired frequency spectrum, and convert signals from one frequency to another, permitting inclusion in a closed- or open-loop control circuit that supports rapid dynamic manipulation of the filter circuit's center frequency and bandwidth.

A power amplifier circuit includes first and second transistors and a first voltage output circuit. A radio frequency signal is input into a base of the first transistor. The first voltage output circuit outputs a first voltage in accordance with a power supply voltage. The first voltage is supplied to a base or a gate of the second transistor. An emitter or a source of the second transistor is connected to a collector of the first transistor. A first amplified signal generated by amplifying the radio frequency signal is output from a collector or a drain of the second transistor.

The present invention provides an electrical filter device (1) for filtering a common-mode interference between a current source and a load, comprising:—a signal input (E), which comprises at least one first terminal (E1) and can be connected to the current source;—a signal output (A), which can be connected to the load;—a main stage (H0), having a first main inductor (2a), which comprises a coil with a first core (3), the first main inductor (2a) being connected to the first terminal (E1); and—an auxiliary stage (H1), having at least one first anti-interference capacitor (C1) and one first auxiliary inductor (4), the first auxiliary inductor (4) being connected between the first terminal (E1) and the first anti-interference capacitor (C1), the first auxiliary inductor (4) being inductively coupled to the first main inductor (2a).