The invention discloses a special biological organic fertilizer for a family ornamental plant bonsai and a preparation method thereof, aiming at solving the problem of environmental pollution of the traditional common fertilizer. The special biological organic fertilizer comprises the following components: Chinese medicine residues, oil residues, rabbit dung, bran, humic acid and fungi residues, wherein the carefully selected Chinese medicine residues include herba lamiophlomis, angelica sinensis, radix codonopsitis, radix astragali, radix polygoni multiflori, schisandra chinensis, fructus crataegi and radix isatidis. The high-efficiency, environmental-friendly, green, nontoxic and high-quality biological organic fertilizer is prepared according to the commonality, characteristics and needed nutrients of a flower, a bonsai and a top-grade plant and limitation and serious nutrient shortage of soil content of the bonsai, has the advantages of low cost and good effect and creates a nice living environment shared by human and green lives for people.